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ASTM C202-19

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refractory Brick

Standard Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refractory Brick

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The thermal conductivity of refractory brick is a property required for selecting their thermal transmission characteristics. Users select refractory brick to provide specified conditions of heat loss and cold face temperature, without exceeding the temperature limitation of the brick. This test method establishes placement of thermocouples and positioning of test specimens in the calorimeter.  
3.2 This procedure must be used with Test Method C201 and requires a large thermal gradient and steady-state conditions. The results are based upon a mean temperature.  
3.3 The data from this test method are suitable for specification acceptance, estimating heat loss and surface temperature, and design of multi-layer refractory construction.  
3.4 The use of these data requires consideration of the actual application environment and conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method supplements Test Method C201, and shall be used in conjunction with that test method to determine the thermal conductivity of refractory brick with the exception of insulating firebrick (use Test Method C182) and carbon refractories (use Test Method C767). This test method is designed for refractories having a conductivity factor of not more than 200 Btu·in./h·ft2·°F (28.8 W/m·K).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2019
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
C08 - Refractories
Drafting Committee
C08.02 - Thermal Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM C182-19 - Standard Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Insulating Firebrick
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019
Refers
ASTM C767-20 - Standard Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Carbon Refractories
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Referred By
ASTM C201-93(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refractories
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019
Referred By
ASTM C1470-20 - Standard Guide for Testing the Thermal Properties of Advanced Ceramics
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C202 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Conductivity of Refractory Brick
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C202; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Comparison Techniques
1.1 This test method supplements Test Method C201, and
3. Significance and Use
shall be used in conjunction with that test method to determine
3.1 The thermal conductivity of refractory brick is a prop-
the thermal conductivity of refractory brick with the exception
erty required for selecting their thermal transmission charac-
of insulating firebrick (use Test Method C182) and carbon
teristics. Users select refractory brick to provide specified
refractories (use Test Method C767). This test method is
conditions of heat loss and cold face temperature, without
designed for refractories having a conductivity factor of not
2
exceeding the temperature limitation of the brick. This test
more than 200 Btu·in./h·ft ·°F (28.8 W/m·K).
method establishes placement of thermocouples and position-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
ing of test specimens in the calorimeter.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.2 This procedure must be used with Test Method C201
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and requires a large thermal gradient and steady-state condi-
and are not considered standard.
tions. The results are based upon a mean temperature.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.3 The data from this test method are suitable for specifi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cation acceptance, estimating heat loss and surface
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
temperature, and design of multi-layer refractory construction.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.4 Theuseofthesedatarequiresconsiderationoftheactual
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
application environment and conditions.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Apparatus
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 The apparatus shall consist of that described in Test
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Method C201 with the addition of thermocouples, back-up
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
insulation, and refractory fiber paper as described in Sections 6
and 7 of this test method.
2. Referenced Documents
2
5. Test Specimens
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C155 Classification of Insulating Firebrick
5.1 The test specimens shall be selected and prepared in
C182 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Insulating
accordance with Test Method C201.
Firebrick
6. Installation of Thermocouples in Test Specimen
C201 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refractories
3
C767 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Carbon
6.1 Thermocouples—Calibrated thermocouples shall be
Refractories
embedded in the test specimen at two points for measuring
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
temperature. Platinum-10 % rhodium⁄platinum thermocouples
shall be used.Wire ofAWG Gage 28 (0.320 mm) shall be used
in making the thermocouples.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
6.2 Installation of Thermocouples—The hot junction of the
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.02 on Thermal
1
Properties. thermocouplesshallbeplacedinthecenterofeach9by4 ⁄2-in.
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally
(228 by 114-mm) face and just below the surface of the test
approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C202 – 93 (2013).
specimen. Grooves to receive the wire shall be cut in each 9 by
DOI: 10.1520/C0202-19.
1 1
2 4 ⁄2-in. (228 by 114-mm) face of the brick to a depth of ⁄32 in.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
3
the ASTM website. Test Method E220 specifies calibration procedures for thermocouples.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- P
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C202 − 93 (Reapproved 2013) C202 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Conductivity of Refractory Brick
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C202; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method supplements Test Method C201, and shall be used in conjunction with that test method to determine the
thermal conductivity of refractory brick with the exception of insulating firebrick (use Test Method C182),) and carbon refractories.
refractories (use Test Method C767). This test method is designed for refractories having a conductivity factor of not more than
2
200 Btu·in./h·ft ·°F (28.8 W/m·K).
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Certain flow and weight measurements are expressed in SI units only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C155 Classification of Insulating Firebrick
C182 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Insulating Firebrick
C201 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refractories
C767 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Carbon Refractories
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The thermal conductivity of refractory brick is a property required for selecting their thermal transmission characteristics.
Users select refractory brick to provide specified conditions of heat loss and cold face temperature, without exceeding the
temperature limitation of the brick. This test method establishes placement of thermocouples and positioning of test specimens in
the calorimeter.
3.2 This procedure must be used with Test Method C201 and requires a large thermal gradient and steady state steady-state
conditions. The results are based upon a mean temperature.
3.3 The data from this test method are suitable for specification acceptance, estimating heat loss and surface temperature, and
design of multi-layer refractory construction.
3.4 The use of these data requires consideration of the actual application environment and conditions.
4. Apparatus
4.1 The apparatus shall consist of that described in Test Method C201 with the addition of thermocouples, back-up insulation,
and refractory fiber paper as described in Sections 6 and 7 of this test method.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.02 on Thermal Properties.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2013April 1, 2019. Published September 2013May 2019. Originally approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 20092013 as
ε1
C202 – 93 (2009)(2013). . DOI: 10.1520/C0202-93R13.10.1520/C0202-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C202 − 19
5. Test Specimens
5.1 The test specimens shall be selected and prepared in accordance with Test Method C201.
6. Installation of Thermocouples in Test Specimen
3
6.1 Thermocouples—Calibrated thermocouples shall be embedded in the test specimen at two points for measuring
temperature. Platinum-10 % rhodium ⁄platinum thermocouples shall be used. Wire of AWG Gage 28 (0.320 mm) shall be used in
making the thermocouples.
1
...

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1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the oxidation resistance of silicon carbide refractories at elevated temperatures in an atmosphere of steam. The steam is used to accelerate the test. Oxidation resistance is the ability of the silicon carbide (SiC) in the refractory to resist conversion to silicon dioxide (SiO2) and its attendant crystalline growth.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C24-09(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) of Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The deformation and end point of a cone corresponds to a certain heat-work condition due to the effects of time, temperature, and atmosphere.  
5.2 The precision of this test method is subject to many variables that are difficult to control. Therefore, an experienced operator may be necessary where PCE values are being utilized for specification purposes.  
5.3 PCE values are used to classify fireclay and high-alumina refractories.  
5.4 This is an effective method of identifying fireclay variations, mining control, and developing raw material specifications.  
5.5 Although not recommended, this test method is sometimes applied to materials other than fireclay and high alumina. Such practice should be limited to in-house laboratories and never be used for specification purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the pyrometric cone equivalent (PCE) of fire clay, fireclay brick, high-alumina brick, and silica fire clay refractory mortar by comparison of test cones with standard pyrometric cones under the conditions prescribed in this test method.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions—Certain weights are in SI units with inch-pound in parentheses. Also, certain figures have SI units without parentheses. These SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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