ASTM E1247-12

Standard Practice for Detecting Fluorescence in Object-Color Specimens by Spectrophotometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Several standards, including Practices E991, E1164, and Test Methods E1331, E1348 and E1349, require either the presence or absence of fluorescence exhibited by the specimen for correct application. This practice provides spectrophotometric procedures for identifying the presence of fluorescence in materials.
This practice is applicable to all object-color specimens, whether opaque, translucent, or transparent, meeting the requirements for specimens in the appropriate standards listed in 2.1. Translucent specimens should be measured by reflectance, with a standard non-fluorescent backing material, usually but not necessarily black, placed behind the specimen during measurement.
This practice requires the use of a spectrophotometer in which the spectral distribution of the illumination on the specimen can be altered by the user in one of several ways. The modification of the illumination can either be by the insertion of optical filters between the illuminating source and the specimen, without interfering with the detection of the radiation from the specimen, or by interchange of the illuminating and detecting systems of the instrument or by scanning of both the illuminating energy and detection output as in the two-monochromator method.
The confirmation of the presence of fluorescence is made by the comparison of spectral curves, color difference, or single parameter difference such as ΔY between the measurements.
Note 2—In editions of E1247 - 92 and earlier, the test of fluorescence was the two sets of spectral transmittances or radiance factor (reflectance factors) differ by 1 % of full scale at the wavelength of greatest difference.
Either bidirectional or hemispherical instrument geometry may be used in this practice. The instrument must be capable of providing either broadband (white light) irradiation on the specimen or monochromatic irradiation and monochromatic detection.
This practice describes methods to detect the presence of fluorescence onl...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides spectrophotometric methods for detecting the presence of fluorescence in object-color specimens.
Note 1—Since the addition of fluorescing agents (colorants, whitening agents, etc.) is often intentional by the manufacturer of a material, information on the presence or absence of fluorescent properties in a specimen may often be obtained from the maker of the material.
1.2 This practice requires the use of a spectrophotometer that both irradiates the specimen over the wavelength range from 340 to 700 nm and allows the spectral distribution of illumination on the specimen to be altered as desired.
1.3 Within the above limitations, this practice is general in scope rather than specific as to instrument or material.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2012
• ICS: 17.180.20 - Colours and measurement of light
• Technical Committee: E12 - Color and Appearance
• Drafting Committee: E12.05 - Fluorescence

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1247-03 - Standard Practice for Detecting Fluorescence in Object-Color Specimens by Spectrophotometry (Withdrawn 2012)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Replaced By: ASTM E1247-12(2017) - Standard Practice for Detecting Fluorescence in Object-Color Specimens by Spectrophotometry
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Referred By: ASTM E991-21 - Standard Practice for Color Measurement of Fluorescent Specimens Using the One-Monochromator Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D4956-19 - Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E805-22 - Standard Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods of Color or Color-Difference Measurement of Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E313-20 - Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D8514/D8514M-23 - Standard Specification for Flexible, Retroreflective Sheeting for Use in High Visibility Vehicle Markings
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D2805-11(2023) - Standard Test Method for Hiding Power of Paints by Reflectometry
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D5382-02(2017) - Standard Guide to Evaluation of Optical Properties of Powder Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1247 − 12
Standard Practice for
Detecting Fluorescence in Object-Color Specimens by
1
Spectrophotometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1247; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E1164 PracticeforObtainingSpectrometricDataforObject-
Color Evaluation
1.1 This practice provides spectrophotometric methods for
E1331 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by
detecting the presence of fluorescence in object-color speci-
Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
mens.
E1348 Test Method for Transmittance and Color by Spec-
NOTE 1—Since the addition of fluorescing agents (colorants, whitening
trophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
agents, etc.) is often intentional by the manufacturer of a material,
E1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by
information on the presence or absence of fluorescent properties in a
Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional (45°:0° or 0°:45°)
specimen may often be obtained from the maker of the material.
Geometry
1.2 This practice requires the use of a spectrophotometer
E2152 Practice for Computing the Colors of Fluorescent
that both irradiates the specimen over the wavelength range
Objects from Bispectral Photometric Data
from 340 to 700 nm and allows the spectral distribution of
E2153 Practice for Obtaining Bispectral Photometric Data
illumination on the specimen to be altered as desired.
for Evaluation of Fluorescent Color
1.3 Within the above limitations, this practice is general in
3. Terminology
scope rather than specific as to instrument or material.
3.1 The definitions in Terminology E284, Practices E991,
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the E2152, and E2153 are applicable to this practice.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Several standards, including Practices E991, E1164, and
Test Methods E1331, E1348 and E1349, require either the
2. Referenced Documents
presence or absence of fluorescence exhibited by the specimen
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: for correct application. This practice provides spectrophoto-
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and metric procedures for identifying the presence of fluorescence
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color in materials.
Coordinates
4.2 This practice is applicable to all object-color specimens,
E284 Terminology of Appearance
whether opaque, translucent, or transparent, meeting the re-
E308 PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
quirements for specimens in the appropriate standards listed in
the CIE System
2.1. Translucent specimens should be measured by reflectance,
E313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness
with a standard non-fluorescent backing material, usually but
Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
not necessarily black, placed behind the specimen during
E991 Practice for Color Measurement of Fluorescent Speci-
measurement.
mens Using the One-Monochromator Method
4.3 This practice requires the use of a spectrophotometer in
which the spectral distribution of the illumination on the
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and
specimencanbealteredbytheuserinoneofseveralways.The
Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.05 on Fluores-
modification of the illumination can either be by the insertion
cence.
of optical filters between the illuminating source and the
Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published September 2012. Originally
specimen, without interfering with the detection of the radia-
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E1247 – 03 which was
withdrawn January 2012 and reinstated in July 2012. DOI: 10.1520/E1247-12.
tion from the specimen, or by interchange of the illuminating
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and detecting systems of the instrument or by scanning of both
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
the illuminating energy and detection output as in the two-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. monochromator method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E1247 − 12
4.4 The confirmation of the presence
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1247–03 Designation:E1247–12
Standard Practice for
Detecting Fluorescence in Object-Color Specimens by
1
Spectrophotometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1247; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice provides spectrophotometric methods for detecting the presence of fluorescence in object-color specimens.
NOTE 1—Since the addition of fluorescing agents (colorants, whitening agents, etc.) is often intentional by the manufacturer of a material, information
on the presence or absence of fluorescent properties in a specimen may often be obtained from the maker of the material.
1.2 This practice requires the use of a spectrophotometer that both irradiates the specimen over the wavelength range from 340
to 700 nm and allows the spectral distribution of illumination on the specimen to be altered as desired.
1.3 Within the above limitations, this practice is general in scope rather than specific as to instrument or material.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
E284 Terminology of Appearance
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
E313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
E991 Practice for Color Measurement of Fluorescent Specimens Using the One-Monochromator Method
E1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color Evaluation
E1331 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
E1348 Test Method for Transmittance and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
E1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional (45:0 or 0:45) Geometry
E2152 Practice for Computing the Colors of Fluorescent Objects from Bispectral Photometric Data
E2153 Practice for Obtaining Bispectral Photometric Data for Evaluation of Fluorescent Color
3. Terminology
3.1 The definitions in Terminology E284, Practices E991, E2152, and E2153 are applicable to this practice.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Severalstandards,includingPracticesE991,E1164,andTestMethodsE1331,E1348andE1349,requireeitherthepresence
orabsenceoffluorescenceexhibitedbythespecimenforcorrectapplication.Thispracticeprovidesspectrophotometricprocedures
for identifying the presence of fluorescence in materials.
4.2 This practice is applicable to all object-color specimens, whether opaque, translucent, or transparent, meeting the
requirements for specimens in the appropriate standards listed in 2.1. Translucent specimens should be measured by reflectance,
with a standard non-fluorescent backing material, usually but not necessarily black, placed behind the specimen during
measurement.
4.3 This practice requires the use of a spectrophotometer in which the spectral distribution of the illumination on the specimen
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.05 on Fluorescence.
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2003. Published March 2003. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E1247–92(2000). DOI:
10.1520/E1247-03.
Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published September 2012. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E1247 – 03 which was
withdrawn January 2012 and reinstated in July 2012. DOI: 10.1520/E1247-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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E1247–12
can be altered by the user in one of several
...