ASTM C1097-19

Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Use in Asphalt Cement or Bituminous Paving Mixtures

ABSTRACT
This specification covers high calcium, dolomitic and magnesian-hydrated lime for use in asphalt cement or bituminous pavements. Hydrated lime, either dry or slurry form, shall conform to the chemical composition requirements for calcium and magnesium oxides, carbon dioxide, unhydrated calcium and magnesium oxides, and free moisture of dry hydrates as shall be determined by chemical analysis. The particle size of hydrated lime shall also be determined using a standardized spray nozzle and pressure gauge.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high calcium, dolomitic and magnesian-hydrated lime for use in asphalt cement or bituminous paving mixtures.
Note 1: Hydrated lime, either calcitic, dolomitic, or magnesian, improves bonding of bitumen and aggregates which reduces susceptibility to moisture damage, reduces age hardening by chemically stabilizing polar compounds found in asphalts, and increases initial stiffness of asphalt mixtures.
Note 2: No attempt is made to present requirements for any by-product lime.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2019
• ICS: 93.080.10 - Road construction
• Technical Committee: C07 - Lime and Limestone
• Drafting Committee: C07.02 - Specifications and Guidelines

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1097-13 - Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Use in Asphalt Cement or Bituminous Paving Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM C51-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as Used by the Industry)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2023
• Refers: ASTM C50/C50M-13(2019) - Standard Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM D8-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2019
• Refers: ASTM D242/D242M-19 - Standard Specification for Mineral Filler for Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Refers: ASTM C25-19e1 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Refers: ASTM D8-18c - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2018
• Refers: ASTM C51-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2018
• Refers: ASTM D8-18b - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2018
• Refers: ASTM D8-18a - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2018
• Refers: ASTM D8-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2018
• Refers: ASTM D8-17c - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2017
• Refers: ASTM D8-17b - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2017
• Refers: ASTM D8-17a - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 01-May-2017
• Refers: ASTM D546-17 - Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Mineral Filler for Asphalt Paving Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2017

Overview

ASTM C1097-19: Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Use in Asphalt Cement or Bituminous Paving Mixtures defines the chemical and physical requirements for high calcium, dolomitic, and magnesian-hydrated lime, suitable for use in asphalt cement and bituminous paving mixtures. Published by ASTM International, this standard ensures that hydrated lime-an essential additive in modern road construction-meets specific criteria to enhance the durability and performance of asphalt pavements.

Hydrated lime, when properly specified and used, improves the bonding between bitumen and aggregates, reduces moisture-related damage, increases initial stiffness of asphalt mixtures, and helps resist age hardening through chemical stabilization of asphalt compounds. ASTM C1097-19 applies internationally and uses SI units exclusively.

Key Topics

• Material Types Covered

  • High calcium hydrated lime
  • Dolomitic hydrated lime
  • Magnesian hydrated lime

• Chemical Composition Requirements

  • Minimum calcium and magnesium oxides content (90%)
  • Maximum levels for carbon dioxide (5%), unhydrated oxides (5%), and free moisture in dry products (2%)

• Physical Requirements

  • Particle size limitations for both dry and slurry forms
  • Methods for measuring sieve retention and particle size using specified test procedures

• Testing and Analysis Methods

  • Chemical analysis using ASTM methods such as C25, C1271, and C1301
  • Physical testing and particle size analysis via ASTM Method C110

• Sampling and Packaging

  • Guidelines for sampling, inspection, packaging, and marking based on ASTM Practice C50/C50M

• Exclusions

  • By-product lime products are not covered by this standard

Applications

Hydrated lime covered by ASTM C1097-19 is primarily used in:

• Asphalt Pavement Construction
  Adding hydrated lime to asphalt cement and bituminous mixtures improves the bond between aggregates and bitumen, leading to pavements with enhanced resistance to rutting, stripping, and moisture damage.

• Modification of Asphalt Mixtures
  The standard ensures the properties of hydrated lime support the chemical stabilization of asphalt binders, limiting oxidative aging, and helping maintain pavement stiffness over time.

• Moisture Damage Mitigation
  By specifying quality criteria for lime, ASTM C1097-19 helps mitigate moisture-induced distress such as stripping, which is crucial in climates prone to heavy rainfall or freeze-thaw cycles.

These applications contribute to longer-lasting, more resilient roads, highways, and other asphalt-based infrastructures, reducing maintenance costs and improving overall pavement performance.

Related Standards

• ASTM C25 - Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
• ASTM C50/C50M - Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
• ASTM C110 - Test Methods for Physical Testing of Quicklime, Hydrated Lime, and Limestone
• ASTM C1271 and C1301 - Test Methods for Elemental and Spectrometric Analysis of Lime and Limestone
• ASTM D8 - Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• ASTM D242/D242M - Specification for Mineral Filler for Asphalt Mixtures
• ASTM D546 - Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Mineral Filler for Asphalt Paving Mixtures

ASTM C1097-19 is critical for professionals in road construction, civil engineering, and asphalt production, ensuring the consistent quality and performance of hydrated lime in asphalt mixtures worldwide.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C1097 −19
Standard Specification for
Hydrated Lime for Use in Asphalt Cement or Bituminous
Paving Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1097; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used
by the Industry)
1.1 This specification covers high calcium, dolomitic and
C110 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Quicklime,
magnesian-hydrated lime for use in asphalt cement or bitumi-
Hydrated Lime, and Limestone
nous paving mixtures.
C1271 Test Method for X-ray Spectrometric Analysis of
NOTE 1—Hydrated lime, either calcitic, dolomitic, or magnesian,
Lime and Limestone
improves bonding of bitumen and aggregates which reduces susceptibility
C1301 Test Method for Major and Trace Elements in Lime-
to moisture damage, reduces age hardening by chemically stabilizing
stone and Lime by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic
polar compounds found in asphalts, and increases initial stiffness of
Emission Spectroscopy (ICP) and Atomic Absorption
asphalt mixtures.
NOTE 2—No attempt is made to present requirements for any by-
(AA)
product lime.
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as ments
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this D242/D242M Specification for Mineral Filler for Asphalt
standard Mixtures
D546 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Mineral Filler for
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Asphalt Paving Mixtures
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
to Terminology C51 or Terminology D8.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4. Chemical Requirements
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 Hydrated lime for use in asphalt cement or bituminous
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
paving mixtures shall conform to the following chemical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
composition:
Calcium and Magnesium Oxides 90.0
2. Referenced Documents
(on an LOI-free basis), min, %
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Carbon Dioxide (taken at point of 5.0
C25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone,
manufacture), max, %
Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
Unhydrated Calcium and Magnesium 5.0
C50/C50M Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation,
Oxides, max, %
Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
Free Moisture of Dry Hydrates (taken at 2.0
point of manufacture), max, %
4.2 The chemical analysis of the hydrated lime shall be
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime
determined in accordance with Test Methods C25, C1271,or
and Limestone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1097 − 13 C1097 − 19
Standard Specification for
Hydrated Lime for Use in Asphalt Cement or Bituminous
Paving Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1097; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers high calcium, dolomitic and magnesian-hydrated lime for use in asphalt cement or bituminous
paving mixtures.
NOTE 1—Hydrated lime, either calcitic, dolomitic, or magnesian, improves bonding of bitumen and aggregates which reduces susceptibility to moisture
damage, reduces age hardening by chemically stabilizing polar compounds found in asphalts, and increases initial stiffness of asphalt mixtures.
NOTE 2—No attempt is made to present requirements for any by-product lime.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
C50C50/C50M Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
C110 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Quicklime, Hydrated Lime, and Limestone
C1271 Test Method for X-ray Spectrometric Analysis of Lime and Limestone
C1301 Test Method for Major and Trace Elements in Limestone and Lime by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission
Spectroscopy (ICP) and Atomic Absorption (AA)
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
D242D242/D242M Specification for Mineral Filler for Asphalt Mixtures
D546 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Mineral Filler for Asphalt Paving Mixtures
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology C51 or Terminology D8.
4. Chemical Requirements
4.1 Hydrated lime for use in asphalt cement or bituminous paving mixtures shall conform to the following chemical
composition:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime and Limestone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.02 on Specifications
and Guidelines.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013Dec. 1, 2019. Published January 2014.December 2019. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20122013
as C1097 – 07 (2012).C1097 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/C1097-13.10.1520/C1097-19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.ast
...