ASTM D1073-16(2022)

Standard Specification for Fine Aggregate for Asphalt Paving Mixtures

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fine aggregate for use in bituminous paving mixtures. The aggregate shall be sampled to meet the requirements prescribed. Grading, fineness modulus and plasticity index shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fine aggregate for use in asphalt paving mixtures.  
1.2 This specification is intended to describe material from a single source. When material from two or more sources is to be blended to produce a grading to meet requirements in other specifications for asphalt paving mixtures, the grading requirements of Table 1 of this specification are not applicable.  
Note 1: When obtaining materials from two or more sources that are to be blended to produce the final mix, it is recommended that the specifying or the ordering agency specify the alternative gradings and blend ratios to be supplied.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. Sieve numbers shown in the text and Table 1 are labels only and are included for ease of reference of the user of this standard.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2022
• ICS: 93.080.10 - Road construction
• ICS: 93.080.20 - Road construction materials
• Technical Committee: D04 - Road and Paving Materials
• Drafting Committee: D04.50 - Aggregate Specifications

Relations

• Refers: ASTM C88/C88M-24 - Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM C117-23 - Standard Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM C125-19a - Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM D75/D75M-19 - Standard Practice for Sampling Aggregates
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2019
• Refers: ASTM D8-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2019
• Refers: ASTM C125-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2019
• Refers: ASTM D8-18c - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2018
• Refers: ASTM C125-18b - Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2018
• Refers: ASTM D8-18b - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2018
• Refers: ASTM C88/C88M-18 - Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2018
• Refers: ASTM C125-18a - Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2018
• Refers: ASTM D8-18a - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2018
• Refers: ASTM D8-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2018
• Refers: ASTM C125-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Refers: ASTM D8-17c - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2017

Overview

ASTM D1073-16(2022), Standard Specification for Fine Aggregate for Asphalt Paving Mixtures, is an internationally recognized specification developed by ASTM International. This standard outlines the requirements for fine aggregate used in bituminous (asphalt) paving mixtures, focusing on ensuring consistent quality and suitable physical properties for road and pavement construction. The specification applies to aggregate sourced from a single location and details the necessary procedures for sampling, grading, and testing to assure material compliance.

Key Topics

• Fine Aggregate Requirements
  The standard provides clear criteria for the selection and use of fine aggregates, including natural sand, manufactured crushed stone, crushed gravel, and expanded products (shale, clay, or slate). These aggregates must be free from clay, loam, and other deleterious substances that may affect asphalt mix performance.

• Grading and Fineness Modulus
  Grading must conform to pre-defined limits as shown in the standard's tables. The fineness modulus, which reflects the aggregate’s gradation, is required to remain within an allowable variation range to ensure consistency in asphalt mixture performance.

• Plasticity Index
  Fine aggregates must not exceed a specified plasticity index, ensuring the fraction passing through a 425 µm sieve is stable and non-plastic. This helps achieve durable, less susceptible-to-deformation asphalt surfaces.

• Testing and Sampling Procedures
  Compliance with ASTM test methods for sampling (e.g., ASTM D75/D75M), grading (ASTM C136/C136M and C117), and plasticity index (ASTM D4318) is mandated. This assures reliability and repeatability in aggregate selection.

• Ordering and Supplementary Requirements
  Orders must specify the grading, supplementary testing for sulfate soundness (if required), and any additional conditions. Supplementary testing, such as ASTM C88 soundness tests, can be included when durability is critical.

Applications

• Road Construction and Paving
  The primary application of ASTM D1073 is in specifying fine aggregate for asphalt mixes used in highways, streets, and airport pavements. The standard's guidelines help ensure aggregates contribute to stable, long-lasting asphalt surfacing.

• Quality Assurance for Construction Materials
  By setting benchmarks for aggregate properties, the standard is used by contractors, material suppliers, and regulatory agencies to verify materials meet rigorous performance expectations before use in asphalt paving.

• Materials Sourcing and Blending
  The specification guides suppliers in managing aggregate quality when using single-source materials. For blended materials, its principles support the development of custom gradations that meet other asphalt mixture standards.

Related Standards

ASTM D1073-16(2022) references several other important ASTM standards and practices to ensure comprehensive quality control, including:

• ASTM C88/C88M - Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates
• ASTM C117 - Test Method for Materials Finer than 75 µm Sieve by Washing
• ASTM C125 - Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• ASTM C136/C136M - Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
• ASTM C294 - Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Concrete Aggregates
• ASTM D8 - Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
• ASTM D75/D75M - Practice for Sampling Aggregates
• ASTM D3665 - Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Materials
• ASTM D4318 - Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils
• ASTM E29 - Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data

These standards help reinforce the quality and performance expectations outlined in ASTM D1073, supporting high-integrity asphalt paving projects.

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Keywords: ASTM D1073, fine aggregate specification, asphalt paving mixtures, grading, plasticity index, road construction aggregates, asphalt quality standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D1073 −16 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Fine Aggregate for Asphalt Paving Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1073; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope C117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-µm (No. 200)
Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing
1.1 This specification covers fine aggregate for use in
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
asphalt paving mixtures.
gregates
1.2 This specification is intended to describe material from
C136/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and
a single source. When material from two or more sources is to
Coarse Aggregates
be blended to produce a grading to meet requirements in other
C294 Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Con-
specifications for asphalt paving mixtures, the grading require-
crete Aggregates
ments of Table 1 of this specification are not applicable.
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
ments
NOTE 1—When obtaining materials from two or more sources that are
to be blended to produce the final mix, it is recommended that the
D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates
specifying or the ordering agency specify the alternative gradings and
D3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Ma-
blend ratios to be supplied.
terials
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D4318 Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Plasticity Index of Soils
standard. Sieve numbers shown in the text and Table 1 are
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
labels only and are included for ease of reference of the user of
Determine Conformance with Specifications
this standard.
3. Terminology
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
3.1 Definitions:
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
3.1.1 For defining aggregate types, see Descriptive Nomen-
as requirements of the standard.
clature C294, and Terminologies D8 and C125.
3.1.2 expanded shale, n; expanded clay, n; expanded slate,
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
n; the product resulting from the expanding of selected
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
materials (shale, clay, or slate) in a rotary kiln at temperatures
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
over 1000 °C.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Ordering Information
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
2. Referenced Documents
the following:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.1 This specification designation including year,
C88/C88M Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by
4.1.2 Grading (6.2 and Table 1), or alternative grading
Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
designated by the purchaser,
4.1.3 Supplementary requirement for sulfate soundness, if
required, including salt to be used (See Supplementary Re-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
quirement S1), and
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.50 on
Aggregate Specifications.
4.1.4 Any exceptions or additions to this specification.
Current edition approved July 1, 2022. Published July 2022. Originally approved
in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D1073 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/
5. General Characteristics
D1073-16R22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1 Fine aggregate is aggregate passing the 9.5 mm ( ⁄8 in.)
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
sieve and almost entirely passing the 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve. It
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. shall consist of natural sand; or of manufactured fine aggregate
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D1073−16 (2022)
TABLE 1 Grading Requirements for Fine Aggregates
Amounts Finer Than Each Laboratory
...