ASTM C1446-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable Refractories
Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable Refractories
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to measure the consistency (degree of self-flow) that a castable refractory demonstrates at a given level of tempering liquid at specified time intervals after the liquid is added. A self-flow of 25 % has been selected as the minimum at which a mix can be poured into typical molds or forms in normal practice.
Castable refractories which are self-flowing at one level of tempering liquid will require vibration for placement at some lower level of tempering liquid. At the tempering liquid levels which require vibration or tamping for placement, the castable refractory should be characterized using test methods which are appropriate for castable refractories designed for vibration placement, such as Test Method C1445.
This test method is not appropriate for determining the pumpability of castable refractories.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the consistency (degree of self-flow) and working time of self-flowing castable refractories. This test may optionally be used to determine working time of self-flowing castables.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C1446 − 11
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable
1
Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1446; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 consistency of self-flowing castable refractories—the
degree of mobility (self-flow) of the refractory castable under
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the con-
its own weight as described in this test method at the specified
sistency (degree of self-flow) and working time of self-flowing
times after adding liquid to the mixer.
castable refractories. This test may optionally be used to
determine working time of self-flowing castables. 3.1.2 working time of self-flowing castable refractories—the
elapsed time from the first addition of liquid during mixing
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
until the mix will only achieve 25 % self-flow using the
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
procedure described in this test method.
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 The castable refractory is mixed with a tempering liquid
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- and the percentage of self-flow is measured. Self-flow is the
percent increase in the diameter of the sample after removing
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the Specification C230/C230M cone mold and allowing the
2. Referenced Documents
specimen to flow (spread) under it own weight for 120 s. The
2
consistency is measured 10 min after water addition. Working
2.1 ASTM Standards:
time may optionally be determined by repeating the self flow
C71 Terminology Relating to Refractories
test at regular time intervals.
C230/C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests
of Hydraulic Cement
5. Significance and Use
C860 Test Method for Determining the Consistency of
Refractory Castable Using the Ball-In-Hand Test
5.1 This test method is used to measure the consistency
C862 Practice for Preparing Refractory Concrete Specimens
(degree of self-flow) that a castable refractory demonstrates at
by Casting
a given level of tempering liquid at specified time intervals
C1445 Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Castable
after the liquid is added.Aself-flow of 25 % has been selected
Refractory Using a Flow Table
as the minimum at which a mix can be poured into typical
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
molds or forms in normal practice.
ASTM Test Methods
5.2 Castable refractories which are self-flowing at one level
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
of tempering liquid will require vibration for placement at
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
some lower level of tempering liquid. At the tempering liquid
3. Terminology
levels which require vibration or tamping for placement, the
castable refractory should be characterized using test methods
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
which are appropriate for castable refractories designed for
vibration placement, such as Test Method C1445.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
5.3 This test method is not appropriate for determining the
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.09 on Monolith-
ics. pumpability of castable refractories.
Current edition approved July 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally
approved in 1999. Previous edition approved in 2007 as C1446 – 07. DOI:
6. Interferences (Factors Known to Affect Results)
10.1520/C1446-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1 During method development, a ruggedness evaluation
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
was performed using a castable comprised of 5 % cement,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 17 % reactive alumina, and 78 % tabular alumina. Several
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C1446 − 11
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factors were found to cause statistically significant effects on in use, ⁄8-in. thickness is recommended. The surface shall be
the measured results. See ASTM Research Report No. level and confirmed with a leveling device. It shall have a
C08–1016. smooth mill finish with any minor i
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:C1446–07 Designation:C1446–11
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable
1
Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1446; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Added research report information to Section 11 editorially in November 2010.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the consistency (degree of self-flow) and working time of self-flowing castable
refractories. This test may optionally be used to determine working time of self-flowing castables.
1.2 The values stated in inch-lb.inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C71 Terminology Relating to Refractories
C230/C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic Cement
C860 Test Method for Determining the Consistency of Refractory Castable Using the Ball-In-Hand Test
C862 Practice for Preparing Refractory Concrete Specimens by Casting
C1445 Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Castable Refractory Using a Flow Table Test Method for Measuring
Consistency of Castable Refractory Using a Flow Table
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 consistency of self-flowing castable refractories—the degree of mobility (self-flow) of the refractory castable under its
own weight as described in this test method at the specified times after adding liquid to the mixer.
3.1.2 working time of self-flowing castable refractories—the elapsed time from the first addition of liquid during mixing until
the mix will only achieve 25 % self-flow using the procedure described in this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Thecastablerefractoryismixedwithatemperingliquidandthepercentageofself-flowismeasured.Self-flowisthepercent
increase in the diameter of the sample after removing the Specification C230/C230M cone mold and allowing the specimen to flow
(spread) under it own weight for 120 s. The consistency is measured 10 min after water addition. Working time may optionally
be determined by repeating the self flow test at regular time intervals.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is used to measure the consistency (degree of self-flow) that a castable refractory demonstrates at a given
level of tempering liquid at specified time intervals after the liquid is added.Aself-flow of 25 % has been selected as the minimum
at which a mix can be poured into typical molds or forms in normal practice.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.09 on Monolithics.
Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originally approved in 1999. Previous edition approved in 1999 as C1446–99. DOI: 10.1520/C1446-
07E01.
Current edition approved July 1, 2011. PublishedAugust 2011. Originally approved in 1999. Previous edition approved in 2007 as C1446 – 07. DOI: 10.1520/C1446-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1446–11
5.2 Castable refractories which are self-flowing at one level of tempering liquid will require vibration for placement at some
lower level of tempering liquid. At the tempering liquid levels which require vibration or tamping for placement, the castable
refractory should be characterized using test methods which are appropriate for castable refractories designed for vibration
placement, such as Test Metho
...
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