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ASTM C1446-07e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable Refractories

Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable Refractories

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to measure the consistency (degree of self-flow) that a castable refractory demonstrates at a given level of tempering liquid at specified time intervals after the liquid is added. A self-flow of 25 % has been selected as the minimum at which a mix can be poured into typical molds or forms in normal practice.
Castable refractories which are self-flowing at one level of tempering liquid will require vibration for placement at some lower level of tempering liquid. At the tempering liquid levels which require vibration or tamping for placement, the castable refractory should be characterized using test methods which are appropriate for castable refractories designed for vibration placement, such as Test Method C1445.
This test method is not appropriate for determining the pumpability of castable refractories.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the consistency (degree of self-flow) and working time of self-flowing castable refractories. This test may optionally be used to determine working time of self-flowing castables.
1.2 The values stated in inch-lb. units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2007
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
C08 - Refractories
Drafting Committee
C08.09 - Monolithics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1446-07 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable Refractories
Effective Date
01-Mar-2007
Replaced By
ASTM C1446-11 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable Refractories
Effective Date
01-Jul-2011

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ASTM C1446-07e1 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable RefractoriesASTM C1446-07e1 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable Refractories
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ASTM C1446-07e1 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable Refractories
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:C1446–07
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Consistency of Self-Flowing Castable
1
Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1446; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Added research report information to Section 11 editorially in November 2010.
1. Scope its own weight as described in this test method at the specified
times after adding liquid to the mixer.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the con-
3.1.2 working time of self-flowing castable refractories—
sistency (degree of self-flow) and working time of self-flowing
the elapsed time from the first addition of liquid during mixing
castable refractories. This test may optionally be used to
until the mix will only achieve 25 % self-flow using the
determine working time of self-flowing castables.
procedure described in this test method.
1.2 The values stated in inch-lb. units are to be regarded as
the standard. The values given in parentheses are for informa-
4. Summary of Test Method
tion only.
4.1 The castable refractory is mixed with a tempering liquid
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and the percentage of self-flow is measured. Self-flow is the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
percent increase in the diameter of the sample after removing
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the Specification C230/C230M cone mold and allowing the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
specimen to flow (spread) under it own weight for 120 s. The
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
consistency is measured 10 min after water addition. Working
2. Referenced Documents time may optionally be determined by repeating the self flow
2
test at regular time intervals.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C71 Terminology Relating to Refractories
5. Significance and Use
C230/C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests
5.1 This test method is used to measure the consistency
of Hydraulic Cement
(degree of self-flow) that a castable refractory demonstrates at
C860 Practice for Determining the Consistency of Refrac-
a given level of tempering liquid at specified time intervals
tory Castable Using the Ball-In-Hand Test
after the liquid is added.Aself-flow of 25 % has been selected
C862 Practice for Preparing Refractory Concrete Speci-
as the minimum at which a mix can be poured into typical
mens by Casting
molds or forms in normal practice.
C1445 Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Castable
5.2 Castable refractories which are self-flowing at one level
Refractory Using a Flow Table
of tempering liquid will require vibration for placement at
3. Terminology some lower level of tempering liquid. At the tempering liquid
levels which require vibration or tamping for placement, the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
castable refractory should be characterized using test methods
3.1.1 consistency of self-flowing castable refractories—the
which are appropriate for castable refractories designed for
degree of mobility (self-flow) of the refractory castable under
vibration placement, such as Test Method C1445.
5.3 This test method is not appropriate for determining the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
pumpability of castable refractories.
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.09 on Monolith-
ics.
6. Interferences (Factors Known to Affect Results)
Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originally
approved in 1999. Previous edition approved in 1999 as C1446 – 99. DOI: 6.1 During method development, a ruggedness evaluation
10.1520/C1446-07E01.
was performed using a castable comprised of 5 % cement,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
17 % reactive alumina, and 78 % tabular alumina. Several
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
C1446–07
factors were found to cause statistically significant effects on level and confirmed with a leveling device. It shall have a
the measured results. See ASTM Research Report No. smooth mill finish with any minor imperfections ground
C08–1016. smooth. The surface shall not have any circumferential mark-
6.1.1 Amount of Mixing Liquid—The amount of mixing ings, eithe
...

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3.1 The oxidation of silicon carbide refractories at elevated temperatures is an important consideration in the application of these refractories. The product of oxidation is amorphous silica or cristobalite, depending upon the temperature at which oxidation takes place. This oxide formation is associated with expansion and degradation of strength. The quantity of water vapor in the atmosphere greatly affects the rate of oxidation.  
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1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the oxidation resistance of silicon carbide refractories at elevated temperatures in an atmosphere of steam. The steam is used to accelerate the test. Oxidation resistance is the ability of the silicon carbide (SiC) in the refractory to resist conversion to silicon dioxide (SiO2) and its attendant crystalline growth.  
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