ASTM D1777-96(2015)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
Standard Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable, and this test method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. Test specimens then should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the appropriate statistical analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias.
5.2 Thickness is one of the basic physical properties of textile materials. In certain industrial applications, the thickness may require rigid control within specified limits. Bulk and warmth properties of textile materials are often estimated from their thickness values, and thickness is also useful in measuring some performance characteristics, such as before and after abrasion and shrinkage.
5.3 The thickness value of most textile materials will vary considerably depending on the pressure applied to the specimen at the time the thickness measurement is taken. In all cases, the apparent thickness varies inversely with the pressure applied. For this reason, it is essential that the pressure be specified when discussing or listi...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thickness of most textile materials.
1.2 This test method applies to most fabrics including woven fabrics, air bag fabrics, blankets, napped fabrics, knitted fabrics, layered fabrics, and pile fabrics. The fabrics may be untreated, heavily sized, coated, resin-treated, or otherwise treated. Instructions are provided for testing thickness, except as provided for in another standard such as listed in Section 2.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound may be approximate.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Designation:D1777 −96 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
1
Thickness of Textile Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1777; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thick-
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of textile terms used in this
ness of most textile materials.
test method, see Terminology D123.
1.2 This test method applies to most fabrics including 3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
cross-machine direction, machine direction, pressure, and
wovenfabrics,airbagfabrics,blankets,nappedfabrics,knitted
fabrics, layered fabrics, and pile fabrics. The fabrics may be thickness.
untreated, heavily sized, coated, resin-treated, or otherwise
treated. Instructions are provided for testing thickness, except 4. Summary of Test Method
as provided for in another standard such as listed in Section 2.
4.1 A specimen is placed on the base of a thickness gauge
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
and a weighted presser foot lowered. The displacement be-
standard.Thevaluesstatedininch-poundmaybeapproximate.
tweenthebaseandthepresserfootismeasuredasthethickness
of the specimen.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tance testing of commercial shipments since current estimates
of between-laboratory precision are acceptable, and this test
2. Referenced Documents
method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
reported test results when using this test method for acceptance
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the sup-
D2904 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test
plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is
Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data (With-
a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statis-
3
drawn 2008)
tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.
D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for
As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test
3
Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are
from a lot of material of the type in question. Test specimens
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
4
then should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each
TEX-PAC
laboratory for testing. The average results from the two
laboratories should be compared using the appropriate statis-
tical analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen by the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,
cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the
General.
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally
supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consid-
ɛ1
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1777 – 96(2011) .
eration to the known bias.
DOI: 10.1520/D1777-96R15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.2 Thickness is one of the basic physical properties of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
textile materials. In certain industrial applications, the thick-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
ness may require rigid control within specified limits. Bulk and
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
warmth properties of textile materials are often estimated from
www.astm.org.
theirthicknessvalues,andthicknessisalsousefulinmeasuring
4
A PC program on floppy disk for analyzing Committee D13 interlaboratory
1 some performance characteristics, such as before and after
data are available from ASTM Headquarters. For a 3 ⁄2-in. disk, request PCN:12-
1
429040-18. For a 5 ⁄4-in. disk, request PCN:12-429041-18. abrasion and shrinkage.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Un
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D1777 − 96 (Reapproved 2011) D1777 − 96 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
1
Thickness of Textile Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1777; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Terminology was removed in order to comply with the D13 Terminology Policy.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thickness of most textile materials.
1.2 This test method applies to most fabrics including woven fabrics, air bag fabrics, blankets, napped fabrics, knitted fabrics,
layered fabrics, and pile fabrics. The fabrics may be untreated, heavily sized, coated, resin-treated, or otherwise treated.
Instructions are provided for testing thickness, except as provided for in another standard such as listed in Section 2.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound may be approximate.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
3
D2904 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data (Withdrawn 2008)
3
D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
4
TEX-PAC
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of textile terms used in this test method, see Terminology D123.
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: cross-machine direction, machine direction, pressure, and thickness.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A specimen is placed on the base of a thickness gauge and a weighted presser foot lowered. The displacement between the
base and the presser foot is measured as the thickness of the specimen.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since current estimates of
between-laboratory precision are acceptable, and this test method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of
commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias
between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two
parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods, General.
Current edition approved May 1, 2011July 1, 2015. Published January 2007September 2015. Originally approved in 1960. Discontinued in November 1995 and reinstated
ɛ1
as D1777 – 96.Last previous edition approved in 20072011 as D1777 – 96(2007).(2011) . DOI: 10.1520/D1777-96R11E01.10.1520/D1777-96R15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4 1
A PC program on floppy disk for analyzing Committee D13 interlaboratory data are available from ASTM Headquarters. For a 3 ⁄2-in. disk, request PCN:12-429040-18.
1
For a 5 ⁄4-in. disk, request PCN:12-429041-18.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1777 − 96 (2015)
in question. Test specimens then should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results
from the two laboratories should be compared using the appropriate statistical analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen
by the
...
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