ASTM C191-01

Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle

SCOPE
1.1 These methods determine the time of setting of hydraulic cement by means of the Vicat needle. Two test methods are given; Method A is the Reference Test Method using the manually operated standard Vicat apparatus, while Method B permits the use of an automatic Vicat machine that has, in accordance with the qualification requirements of this method, demonstrated acceptable performance.
Note 1—For the method for determining time of setting by Gillmore needles, see Test Method C 266.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 1.4 for a specific warning statement.
1.4 Warning: Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection is recommended. Wash contact area with copious amounts of water after contact. Wash eyes for a minimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body to clothing saturated with the liquid phase of the unhardened material. Remove contaminated clothing immediately after exposure.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2001
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C01 - Cement
• Drafting Committee: C01.30 - Time of Set

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C191-99 - Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM C191-01a - Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1856/C1856M-17 - Standard Practice for Fabricating and Testing Specimens of Ultra-High Performance Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1857/C1857M-19 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Adhesion (Pull-Off) Strength of Concrete Repair and Overlay Mortar
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C10/C10M-19 - Standard Specification for Natural Cement
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5759-12(2020) - Standard Guide for Characterization of Coal Fly Ash and Clean Coal Combustion Fly Ash for Potential Uses
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1708/C1708M-19 - Standard Test Methods for Self-leveling Mortars Containing Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C887-20 - Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Surface Bonding Mortar
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C141/C141M-14(2022) - Standard Specification for Hydrated Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C150/C150M-22 - Standard Specification for Portland Cement
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D8030/D8030M-23 - Standard Practice for Sample Preparation for GCCM
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C226-22 - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C183/C183M-23 - Standard Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C465-23 - Standard Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture<brk/> of Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C595/C595M-23 - Standard Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
American Association State
Designation: C 191 – 01
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T131
Standard Test Method for
1
Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 191; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope devices for determining mass shall be evaluated for precision
and bias at a total load of 1 kg.
1.1 This method covers determination of the time of setting
3.2 Glass Graduates, 200 or 250-mL capacity, and conform-
of hydraulic cement by means of the Vicat needle.
ing to the requirements of Specification C 490.
NOTE 1—For the method for determining time of setting by Gillmore
3.3 Vicat Apparatus—The Vicat apparatus shall consist of a
needles, see Test Method C 266.
frame, A, Fig. 1, bearing a movable rod, B, weighing 300 g, one
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
end, C, the plunger end, being 10 mm in diameter for a distance
standard. Values in parentheses are for information only.
of at least 50 mm and the other end having a removable steel
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
needle, D, 1 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length. The rod B
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
is reversible, and can be held in any desired position by a set
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
screw, E, and has an adjustable indicator, F, which moves over
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
a scale (graduated in millimetres) attached to the frame, A. The
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Note 2 for a
paste is held in a conical ring, G, resting on a plate of similar
specific warning statement.
planeness, corrosivity, and absorptivity to that of glass, H,
about 100 mm square. The ring shall be made of a noncorrod-
NOTE 2—Warning: Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
ing, nonabsorbing material, and shall have an inside diameter
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged
of 70 mm at the base and 60 mm at the top and a height of 40
exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection is
recommended. Wash contact area with copious amounts of water after
mm. In addition to the above, the Vicat apparatus shall conform
contact. Wash eyes for a minimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body
to the following requirements:
to clothing saturated with the liquid phase of the unhardened material.
Weight of plunger 300 6 0.5 g (0.661 lb 6 8 grains)
Remove contaminated clothing immediately after exposure.
Diameter of larger end 10 6 0.05 mm (0.394 6 0.002 in.)
of plunger
2. Referenced Documents
Diameter of needle 1 6 0.05 mm (0.039 6 0.002 in.)
Inside diameter of ring 70 6 3 mm (2.756 0.12 in.)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
at bottom
C 187 Test Method for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic
Inside diameter of ring 60 6 3 mm (2.366 0.12 in.)
2
at top
Cement
Height of ring 40 6 1 mm (1.57 6 0.04 in.)
C 266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-
Graduated scale The graduated scale, when compared with a
2
Cement Paste by Gillmore Needles
scale accurate to within 0.1 mm
at all points, shall not show
C 305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
any point greater than 0.25 mm.
2
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
C 490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination
4. Temperature and Humidity
of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
4.1 The temperature of the air in the vicinity of the mixing
2
Concrete
slab, the dry cement, molds, and base plates shall be main-
C 1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
tained between 20 and 27.5°C (68 and 81.5°F). The tempera-
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
ture of the mixing water and of the moist closet or moist room
2
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
shall not vary from 23°C (73.4°F) by more than 6 1.7°C (3°F).
4.2 The relative humidity of the laboratory shall be not less
3. Apparatus
than 50 %. The moist closet or moist room shall be so
3.1 Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass,
constructed as to provide storage facilities for test specimens at
conforming to the requirements of Specification C 1005. The
a relative humidity of not less than 90 %.
3
5. Preparation of Cement Paste
1
This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.30 on Time of Set.
5.1 Mix 650 g of cement with the percentage of mixing
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2001. Published October 2001. Originally
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