ASTM E1478-97
(Practice)Standard Practice for Visual Color Evaluation of Transparent Sheet Materials
Standard Practice for Visual Color Evaluation of Transparent Sheet Materials
SCOPE
1.1 This practice was developed to help its users critically judge the transmitted color appearance of transparent sheet materials. Its primary application is for colored flat glass and plastic materials.
1.2 This practice is not meant to be used to evaluate colors of curved, diffusing, self-luminous, or opaque materials.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:E1478–97
Standard Practice for
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Visual Color Evaluation of Transparent Sheet Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1478; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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1. Scope Color Photo—Outdoor Specimen Holder
1.1 This practice was developed to help its users critically
3. Terminology
judge the transmitted color appearance of transparent sheet
3.1 For the definitions of appearance terms used in this
materials. Its primary application is for colored flat glass and
practice, refer to Terminology E 284.
plastic materials.
1.2 This practice is not meant to be used to evaluate colors
4. Summary of Practice
of curved, diffusing, self-luminous, or opaque materials.
4.1 This practice describes the recommended visual proce-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
dure to evaluate color by transmittance of transparent sheet
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
materials. The spatial relationships between the observer,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
materials, and light source are prescribed in order to derive
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
good color judgments from their interactions.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 This practice applies to production quality control and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
customer acceptance of regularly transmitting sheet materials
D 1729 Practice for Visual Evaluation of Color Differences
such as tinted windows where visual color discrimination is
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of Opaque Materials
critical.
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E 284 Terminology of Appearance
6. Apparatus
E 1499 Guide to the Selection, Evaluation, and Training of
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Observers
6.1 Theapparatusshallconsistofspecimenholders,product
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts: ASTM
color standards, and defined light sources.
6.1.1 Specimen Holders—These devices must hold the
specimen(s) and standard in contiguous positions, in the same
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plane, so that they may be viewed, relative to the light source,
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-12 on Appear-
ance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.11 on Visual Methods.
for maximum color discrimination.
Current edition approved July 10, 1997. Published September 1997. Originally
published as E 1478 – 92. Last previous edition E 1478 – 92.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01. Available from ASTM Headquarters. Order Adjunct ADJE1478.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E1478
6.1.1.1 An indoor specimen holder should be a ventilated 7.3 Test specimens should be clean and free of physical
box, coated with a flat white ceiling paint on its inside, surface defects.
containing evenly spaced fluorescent lamps with a flat, white
diffuser (glass or plastic) between them and the samples, and
8. Procedure
have edge supports for the specimens and standards. Fig. 1 is
8.1 Test a manufacturer’s observer(s) for normal color
vision. Refer to Guide E 1499.
8.2 The evaluation procedure will depend upon whether the
standard and the test specimen colors are compared indoors or
outdoors, that is, upon which light source is used for the color
judgements.
8.2.1 IndoorEvaluation—Theobservershouldbelocatedin
a darkened room such that ambient light will not distort color
judgments by glare and colored reflections when viewing light
through the test specimen. Make color judgments, to avoid
color fatigue, by quick glances at the test specimen and
standard followed by deliberate consideration of the resulting
color impressions. Repeat this process until the viewer can
make consistent judgments. If possible exchange the test
specimen and standard in the holder followed by the same
observation technique to confirm the viewer’s prior color
judgments.
8.2.2 Outdoor Evaluation—The observer should be located
such that color discrimination between the test specimen and
standardsismaximizedwithrespecttothesurroundingobjects,
sources, and backgrounds. Make color judgements from many
viewing angles and distances which afford acute color obser-
vations using the indoor evaluation viewing technique in 8.2.1.
8.3 When small color differences are involved, judgments
FIG. 1 Arrangement of Apparatus
by two or more observers will be necessary to determine the
color acceptability of the test specimens.
typical, housing two Standard Cool White Fluorescent
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(CIEF2) lamps.
9. Report
6.1.1.2 An outdoor specimen holde
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