ASTM D3237-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is used to ensure compliance of trace lead as required by federal regulation for lead-free gasoline (40 CFR part 80).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total lead content of gasoline within the concentration range of 0.010 to 0.10 g of lead/U.S. gal (2.5 to 25 mg/L). This test method compensates for variations in gasoline composition and is independent of lead alkyl type.
1.2 The values given in grams per U.S. gallon are to be regarded as the standard in the United States. Note that in other countries, other units can be preferred.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.6 and 6.8.
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Designation: D3237 − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3237; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
lead content of gasoline within the concentration range of
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
0.010 to 0.10 g of lead/U.S. gal (2.5 to 25 mg/L). This test
Measurement System Performance
method compensates for variations in gasoline composition
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products
and is independent of lead alkyl type.
and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
1.2 The values given in grams per U.S. gallon are to be
D7740 Practice for Optimization, Calibration, and Valida-
regardedasthestandardintheUnitedStates.Notethatinother
tion ofAtomicAbsorption Spectrometry for MetalAnaly-
countries, other units can be preferred.
sis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 The gasoline sample is diluted with methyl isobutyl
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ketoneandthealkylleadcomponentsarestabilizedbyreaction
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
with iodine and a quaternary ammonium salt. The lead content
statements, see 6.6 and 6.8.
of the sample is determined by atomic absorption flame
spectrometry at 283.3 nm, using standards prepared from
2. Referenced Documents
reagent grade lead chloride. By the use of this treatment, all
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
alkyl lead compounds give identical response.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3.2 Protocols for using atomic absorption spectrometry are
D1368 Test Method for Trace Concentrations of Lead in
given in Practice D7740.
3
Primary Reference Fuels (Withdrawn 1994)
D2550 Method of Test for Water Separation Characteristics
4. Significance and Use
3
of Aviation Turbine Fuels (Withdrawn 1989)
4.1 This test method is used to ensure compliance of trace
D3116 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Lead in Gasoline
3 leadasrequiredbyfederalregulationforlead-freegasoline(40
(Withdrawn 1994)
CFR part 80).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5. Apparatus
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis. 5.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, capable of scale ex-
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally
pansion and nebulizer adjustment, and equipped with a slot
´1
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D3237– 06 . DOI:
burnerandpremixchamberforusewithanair-acetyleneflame.
10.1520/D3237–12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.2 Volumetric Flasks, 50-mL, 100-mL, 250-mL, and 1-L
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
sizes.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
5.3 Pipets, 2-mL, 5-mL, 10-mL, 20-mL, and 50-mL sizes.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. 5.4 Micropipet, 100-µL, Eppendorf type or equivalent.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3237 − 12
6. Reagents 6.13 Quality Control (QC) Samples, preferably are portions
of one or more liquid petroleum materials that are stable and
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
representative of the samples of interest. These QC samples
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
can be used to check the validity of the testing process as
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
described in Section 11.
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
4
where such specifications are available.
7. Sampling
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
7.1 Take samples of gasoline in compliance with the in-
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D3237 − 06 D3237 − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3237; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
´ NOTE—Corrected footnote references in Paragraph X1.6 editorially in April 2007.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total lead content of gasoline within the concentration range of 0.010 to
0.10 g of lead/U.S. gal (2.5 to 25 mg/L). This test method compensates for variations in gasoline composition and is independent
of lead alkyl type.
1.2 The values given in grams per U.S. gallon are to be regarded as the standard in the United States. Note that in other
countries, other units can be preferred.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.6 and 6.8.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3 3
D1368 Test Method for Trace Concentrations of Lead in Primary Reference Fuels (Withdrawn 1994) (Withdrawn 1994)
3
D2550 Method of Test for Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels (Withdrawn 1989)
3 3
D3116 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Lead in Gasoline (Withdrawn 1994) (Withdrawn 1994)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
D7740 Practice for Optimization, Calibration, and Validation of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for Metal Analysis of
Petroleum Products and Lubricants
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The gasoline sample is diluted with methyl isobutyl ketone and the alkyl lead components are stabilized by reaction with
iodine and a quaternary ammonium salt. The lead content of the sample is determined by atomic absorption flame spectrometry
at 283.3 nm, using standards prepared from reagent grade lead chloride. By the use of this treatment, all alkyl lead compounds
give identical response.
3.2 Protocols for using atomic absorption spectrometry are given in Practice D7740.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is used to ensure compliance of trace lead as required by federal regulation for lead-free gasoline (40 CFR
part 80).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.03 on
Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved April 18, 2007June 1, 2012. Published January 2007 August 2012. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20022006
´1
as D3237 – 02.D3237– 06 . DOI: 10.1520/D3237–06E01. 10.1520/D3237–12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3237 − 12
5. Apparatus
5.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, capable of scale expansion and nebulizer adjustment, and equipped with a slot burner and
premix chamber for use with an air-acetylene flame.
5.2 Volumetric Flasks, 50-mL, 100-mL, 250-mL, and 1-L sizes.
5.3 Pipets, 2-mL, 5-mL, 10-mL, 20-mL, and 50-mL sizes.
5.4 Micropipet, 100-μL, Eppendorf type or equivalent.
6. Reagents
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Che
...
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