ASTM D3606-24
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Spark Ignition Fuels by Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Spark Ignition Fuels by Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Knowledge of the concentration of benzene may be required for regulatory use, control of gasoline blending, and/or process optimizations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitation in liquid volume percent of benzene and toluene in finished motor and aviation spark ignition fuels by gas chromatography. This test method has two procedures: Procedure A uses capillary column gas chromatography and Procedure B uses packed column gas chromatography. Procedures A and B have separate precisions.
1.2 The method has been evaluated for benzene using a D6300-compliant Interlaboratory Study (ILS), with the lowest and highest ILS sample concentration means as follows: (1) Procedure A between 0.12 % and 5.2 % by volume and (2) Procedure B between 0.10 % and 5.0 % by volume.
1.3 The method has been evaluated for toluene using a D6300-compliant Interlaboratory Study (ILS), with the lowest and highest ILS sample concentration means as follows: (1) Procedure A between 0.4 % and 19.7 % by volume, and (2) Procedure B between 2.0 % and 20.0 % by volume.
1.4 For reporting, the lowest and highest concentration ranges for benzene and toluene for Procedure A of this test method per Practice D6300 see 13.2.
1.5 For reporting, the lowest and highest concentration ranges for benzene and toluene for Procedure B of this test method per Practice D6300 see 25.2.
1.6 For benzene by Procedure A, the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10). Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
1.7 For benzene by Procedure B the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10). Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
1.8 For toluene by Procedure A the following oxygenated fuels were included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
1.9 For toluene by Procedure B the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
1.10 Procedure A uses MIBK as the internal standard. Procedure B uses sec-butanol as the internal standard. The use of Procedure B for fuels containing blended butanols requires that sec-butanol be below the detection limit in the fuels as sec-butanol is an internal standard. For Procedure B, an alternative separation column set described in the annex (A2.3, Annex Approach B) uses MEK as the internal standard when butanols may be blended into gasolines.
1.11 This test method includes a between method bias section for benzene based on Practice D6708 bias assessment between Test Method D3606 Procedure B and Test Method D5769. It is intended to allow Test Method D3606 Procedure B to be used as a possible alternative to Test Method D5769. The Practice D6708 derived benzene correlation equation is applicable for benzene measurements in the reportable range from 0.06 % to 2.76 % by volume as reported by Test Method D3606 Procedure B (see 27.2.1). The correlation complies with EPA’s Performance Based Measurement System (PBMS).
1.12 Correlation equations are included in the between test methods bias section 14.2.1 of Procedure A to convert Procedure A to the Procedure B volume percent values for benzene and toluene. The correlations are applicable in the concentration ranges of 0.07 % to 5.96 % by volume for benzene and 0.36 % to 20.64 % by volume for toluene as reported by Procedure A.
1.13 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.14 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3606 − 24
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Spark Ignition
1
Fuels by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.9 For toluene by Procedure B the following oxygenated
fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 %
1.1 This test method covers the quantitation in liquid
by volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
volume percent of benzene and toluene in finished motor and
aviation spark ignition fuels by gas chromatography. This test
1.10 Procedure A uses MIBK as the internal standard.
method has two procedures: Procedure A uses capillary column
Procedure B uses sec-butanol as the internal standard. The use
gas chromatography and Procedure B uses packed column gas
of Procedure B for fuels containing blended butanols requires
chromatography. Procedures A and B have separate precisions.
that sec-butanol be below the detection limit in the fuels as
1.2 The method has been evaluated for benzene using a
sec-butanol is an internal standard. For Procedure B, an
D6300-compliant Interlaboratory Study (ILS), with the lowest
alternative separation column set described in the annex (A2.3,
and highest ILS sample concentration means as follows: (1)
Annex Approach B) uses MEK as the internal standard when
Procedure A between 0.12 % and 5.2 % by volume and (2)
butanols may be blended into gasolines.
Procedure B between 0.10 % and 5.0 % by volume.
1.11 This test method includes a between method bias
1.3 The method has been evaluated for toluene using a
section for benzene based on Practice D6708 bias assessment
D6300-compliant Interlaboratory Study (ILS), with the lowest
between Test Method D3606 Procedure B and Test Method
and highest ILS sample concentration means as follows: (1)
D5769. It is intended to allow Test Method D3606 Procedure
Procedure A between 0.4 % and 19.7 % by volume, and (2)
B to be used as a possible alternative to Test Method D5769.
Procedure B between 2.0 % and 20.0 % by volume.
The Practice D6708 derived benzene correlation equation is
1.4 For reporting, the lowest and highest concentration
applicable for benzene measurements in the reportable range
ranges for benzene and toluene for Procedure A of this test
from 0.06 % to 2.76 % by volume as reported by Test Method
method per Practice D6300 see 13.2.
D3606 Procedure B (see 27.2.1). The correlation complies with
1.5 For reporting, the lowest and highest concentration EPA’s Performance Based Measurement System (PBMS).
ranges for benzene and toluene for Procedure B of this test
1.12 Correlation equations are included in the between test
method per Practice D6300 see 25.2.
methods bias section 14.2.1 of Procedure A to convert Proce-
1.6 For benzene by Procedure A, the following oxygenated
dure A to the Procedure B volume percent values for benzene
fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 %
and toluene. The correlations are applicable in the concentra-
by volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10).
tion ranges of 0.07 % to 5.96 % by volume for benzene and
Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
0.36 % to 20.64 % by volume for toluene as reported by
1.7 For benzene by Procedure B the following oxygenated Procedure A.
fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 %
1.13 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
by volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10).
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
only.
1.8 For toluene by Procedure A the following oxygenated
1.14 This standard does not purport to address all of the
fuels were included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
20 % by volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
1.15 This international standard was developed in accor-
Current edition approved March 1, 2024. Published March 2024. Originally
dance with internationally recognized principles o
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3606 − 22 D3606 − 24
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Spark Ignition
1
Fuels by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the quantitation in liquid volume percent of benzene and toluene in finished motor and aviation spark
ignition fuels by gas chromatography. This test method has two procedures: Procedure A uses capillary column gas
chromatography and Procedure B uses packed column gas chromatography. Procedures A and B have separate precisions.
1.2 The method has been evaluated for benzene using a D6300-compliant Interlaboratory Study (ILS), with the lowest and highest
ILS sample concentration means as follows: (1) Procedure A between 0.12 % and 5.2 % by volume and (2) Procedure B between
0.10 % and 5.0 % by volume.
1.3 The method has been evaluated for toluene using a D6300-compliant Interlaboratory Study (ILS), with the lowest and highest
ILS sample concentration means as follows: (1) Procedure A between 0.4 % and 19.7 % by volume, and (2) Procedure B between
2.0 % and 20.0 % by volume.
1.4 For reporting, the lowest and highest concentration ranges for benzene and toluene for Procedure A of this test method per
Practice D6300 see 13.2.
1.5 For reporting, the lowest and highest concentration ranges for benzene and toluene for Procedure B of this test method per
Practice D6300 see 25.2.
1.6 For benzene by Procedure A, the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by
volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10). Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
1.7 For benzene by Procedure B the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by
volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10). Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
1.8 For toluene by Procedure A the following oxygenated fuels were included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by
volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
1.9 For toluene by Procedure B the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by
volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2022March 1, 2024. Published October 2022March 2024. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20212022 as
D3606 – 21.D3606 – 22. DOI: 10.1520/D3606-22.10.1520/D3606-24.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D3606 − 24
1.10 Procedure A uses MIBK as the internal standard. Procedure B uses sec-butanol as the internal standard. The use of Procedure
B for fuels containing blended butanols requires that sec-butanol be below the detection limit in the fuels as sec-butanol is an
internal standard. For Procedure B, an alternative separation column set described in the annex (A2.3, Annex Approach B) uses
MEK as the internal standard when butanols may be blended into gasolines.
1.11 This test method includes a between method bias section for benzene based on Practice D6708 bias assessment between Test
Method D3606 Procedure B and Test Method D5769. It is intended to allow Test Method D3606 Procedure B to be used as a
possible alternative to Test Method D5769. The Practice D6708 derived benzene correlation equation is applicable for benzene
measurements in the reportable range from 0.06 % to 2.88 %2.76 % by volume as reported by Test Method D3606 Procedure B
(see 27.2.1). The correlation complies with EPA’s Performance Based Measurement System (PBMS).
1.12 Correlation equations are included in the between test methods bias section 14.2.1 of Procedure A to convert Procedure A
to the Procedure B volume percent values for benzene and toluene. The correlations are applicable in the concentration ranges of
0.07 % to 5.96 % by volume for benzene and 0.36 % to 20.64 % by volume for toluene as reported by Procedure A.
...
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