ASTM E2275-19
(Practice)Standard Practice for Evaluating Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluid Bioresistance and Antimicrobial Pesticide Performance
Standard Practice for Evaluating Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluid Bioresistance and Antimicrobial Pesticide Performance
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides laboratory procedures for rating the relative bioresistance of metalworking fluid formulations, for determining the need for microbicide addition prior to or during fluid use in metalworking systems and for evaluating microbicide performance. General considerations for microbicide selection are provided in Practice E2169.
5.2 The factors affecting challenge population numbers, taxonomic diversity, physiological state, inoculation frequency and biodeterioration effects in recirculating metalworking fluid systems are varied and only partially understood. Consequently, the results of tests completed in accordance with this practice should be used only to compare the relative performance of products or microbicide treatments included in a test series. Results should not be construed as predicting actual field performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice addresses the evaluation of the relative inherent bioresistance of water-miscible metalworking fluids, the bioresistance attributable to augmentation with antimicrobial pesticides or both. It replaces Methods D3946 and E686.
1.2 In this practice relative bioresistance is determined by challenging metalworking fluids with a biological inoculum that may either be characterized (comprised of one or more known biological cultures) or uncharacterized (comprised of biologically contaminated metalworking fluid or one or more unidentified isolates from deteriorated metalworking fluid). Challenged fluid bioresistance is defined in terms of resistance to biomass increase, viable cell recovery increase, chemical property change, physical property change or some combination thereof.
1.3 This practice is applicable to antimicrobial agents that are incorporated into either the metalworking fluid concentrate or end-use dilution. It is also applicable to metalworking fluids that are formulated using non-microbicidal, inherently bioresistant components.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2275 − 19
Standard Practice for
Evaluating Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluid Bioresistance
1
and Antimicrobial Pesticide Performance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2275; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice addresses the evaluation of the relative 2.1 ASTM Standards:
inherent bioresistance of water-miscible metalworking fluids, D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
the bioresistance attributable to augmentation with antimicro- D888 Test Methods for Dissolved Oxygen in Water
bial pesticides or both. It replaces Methods D3946 and E686. D1067 Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1.2 In this practice relative bioresistance is determined by
D3342 Test Method for Dispersion Stability of New (Un-
challenging metalworking fluids with a biological inoculum
used) Rolling Oil Dispersions in Water
that may either be characterized (comprised of one or more
D3519 Test Method for Foam in Aqueous Media (Blender
known biological cultures) or uncharacterized (comprised of
3
Test) (Withdrawn 2013)
biologically contaminated metalworking fluid or one or more
D3601 Test Method for Foam In Aqueous Media (Bottle
unidentified isolates from deteriorated metalworking fluid).
3
Test) (Withdrawn 2013)
Challenged fluid bioresistance is defined in terms of resistance
D4627 Test Method for Iron Chip Corrosion for Water–Mis-
to biomass increase, viable cell recovery increase, chemical
cible Metalworking Fluids
property change, physical property change or some combina-
D5465 Practices for Determining Microbial Colony Counts
tion thereof.
from Waters Analyzed by Plating Methods
1.3 This practice is applicable to antimicrobial agents that
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
are incorporated into either the metalworking fluid concentrate
Glass Electrode
or end-use dilution. It is also applicable to metalworking fluids
E1326 Guide for Evaluating Non-culture Microbiological
that are formulated using non-microbicidal, inherently biore-
Tests
sistant components.
E2169 Practice for Selecting Antimicrobial Pesticides for
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as Use in Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluids
E2523 Terminology for Metalworking Fluids and Opera-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. tions
E2563 Practice for Enumeration of Non-Tuberculosis Myco-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
bacteria in Aqueous Metalworking Fluids by Plate Count
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E2564 Practice for Enumeration of Mycobacteria in Metal-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
working Fluids by Direct Microscopic Counting (DMC)
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Method
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
E2657 Practice for Determination of Endotoxin Concentra-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tions in Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluids
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
E2694 Test Method for Measurement ofAdenosine Triphos-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
phate in Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluids
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
E2756 Terminology Relating to Antimicrobial and Antiviral
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Agents
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee E35.15 on Antimicrobial Agents. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E2275 – 14. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/E2275-19. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2275 − 19
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2275 − 14 E2275 − 19
Standard Practice for
Evaluating Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluid Bioresistance
1
and Antimicrobial Pesticide Performance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2275; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice addresses the evaluation of the relative inherent bioresistance of water-miscible metalworking fluids, the
bioresistance attributable to augmentation with antimicrobial pesticides or both. It replaces Methods D3946 and E686.
1.2 In this practice relative bioresistance is determined by challenging metalworking fluids with a biological inoculum that may
either be characterized (comprised of one or more known biological cultures) or uncharacterized (comprised of biologically
contaminated metalworking fluid or one or more unidentified isolates from deteriorated metalworking fluid). Challenged fluid
bioresistance is defined in terms of resistance to biomass increase, viable cell recovery increase, chemical property change,
physical property change or some combination thereof.
1.3 This practice is applicable to antimicrobial agents that are incorporated into either the metalworking fluid concentrate or
end-use dilution. It is also applicable to metalworking fluids that are formulated using non-microbicidal, inherently bioresistant
components.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D888 Test Methods for Dissolved Oxygen in Water
D1067 Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3342 Test Method for Dispersion Stability of New (Unused) Rolling Oil Dispersions in Water
3
D3519 Test Method for Foam in Aqueous Media (Blender Test) (Withdrawn 2013)
3
D3601 Test Method for Foam In Aqueous Media (Bottle Test) (Withdrawn 2013)
D4627 Test Method for Iron Chip Corrosion for Water–Miscible Metalworking Fluids
D5465 Practices for Determining Microbial Colony Counts from Waters Analyzed by Plating Methods
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode
E1326 Guide for Evaluating Non-culture Microbiological Tests
E2169 Practice for Selecting Antimicrobial Pesticides for Use in Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluids
E2523 Terminology for Metalworking Fluids and Operations
E2563 Practice for Enumeration of Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria in Aqueous Metalworking Fluids by Plate Count Method
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E35.15 on Antimicrobial Agents.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2014Nov. 1, 2019. Published September 2014November 2019. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20132014
as E2275 – 13.E2275 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/E2275-14.10.1520/E2275-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2275 − 19
E2564 Practice for Enumeration of Mycobacteria in Metalworking Fluids by Direct Microscopic Counting (DMC) Method
E2657 Practice for Determination of Endotoxin Concentrations in Water-Miscible Metalw
...
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