ASTM D4065-95

Standard Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for general use in gathering and reporting dynamic mechanical data. It incorporates laboratory practice for determining dynamic mechanical properties of specimens subjected to various oscillatory deformations on a variety of instruments of the type commonly called dynamic mechanical analyzers or dynamic thermomechanical analyzers.
1.2 This practice is intended to provide means of determining the transition temperatures, elastic, and loss moduli of plastics over a range of temperatures, frequencies, or time, by free vibration and resonant or nonresonant forced vibration techniques. Plots of elastic and loss moduli are indicative of the viscoelastic characteristics of a plastic. These moduli are functions of temperature or frequency in plastics, and change rapidly at particular temperatures or frequencies. The regions of rapid moduli change are normally referred to as transition regions.
1.3 The practice is primarily useful when conducted over a range of temperatures from -160°C to polymer degradation and is valid for frequencies from 0.01 to 1000 Hz.
1.4 This practice is intended for materials that have an elastic modulus in the range from 0.5 MPa to 100 GPa (73 psi to 1.5 x 10 7  psi).
1.5 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under differing experimental conditions. Without changing the observed data, reporting in full (as described in this practice) the conditions under which the data were obtained will enable apparent differences observed in another study to be reconciled.
1.6 Test data obtained by this practice are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this practice to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 8.
Note 1—This practice is technically equivalent to ISO 6721, Part 1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2001
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.10 - Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4065-01 - Standard Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F561-19 - Standard Practice for Retrieval and Analysis of Medical Devices, and Associated Tissues and Fluids
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4440-15 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties Melt Rheology
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7750-23 - Standard Test Method for Cure Behavior of Thermosetting Resins by Dynamic Mechanical Procedures using an Encapsulated Specimen Rheometer
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6456-10(2018) - Standard Specification for Finished Parts Made from Polyimide Resin
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4473-08(2021) - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Cure Behavior
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5418-15 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Flexure (Dual Cantilever Beam)
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1300-16 - Standard Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7745-19 - Standard Practice for Testing Pultruded Composites
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6341-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Plastic Lumber and Plastic Lumber Shapes Between –30 and 140°F (–34.4 and 60°C)
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2990-17 - Standard Test Methods for Tensile, Compressive, and Flexural Creep and Creep-Rupture of Plastics
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D696-16 - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5279-21 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4762-18 - Standard Guide for Testing Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5024-15 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Compression
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4065 – 95 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Determining and Reporting Dynamic Mechanical Properties
1
of Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4065; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards
1.1 This practice is for general use in gathering and report-
statements are given in Section 8.
ing dynamic mechanical data. It incorporates laboratory prac-
tice for determining dynamic mechanical properties of speci-
2. Referenced Documents
mens subjected to various oscillatory deformations on a variety
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of instruments of the type commonly called dynamic mechani-
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
cal analyzers or dynamic thermomechanical analyzers.
2
Insulating Materials for Testing
1.2 This practice is intended to provide means of determin-
D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-
ing the transition temperatures, elastic, and loss moduli of
3
rials
plastics over a range of temperatures, frequencies, or time, by
D 4092 Terminology Relating to Dynamic Mechanical
free vibration and resonant or nonresonant forced vibration
3
Measurements on Plastics
techniques. Plots of elastic and loss moduli are indicative of the
viscoelastic characteristics of a plastic. These moduli are
3. Terminology
functions of temperature or frequency in plastics, and change
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to this
rapidly at particular temperatures or frequencies. The regions
practice, see Terminology D 4092.
of rapid moduli change are normally referred to as transition
regions.
4. Summary of Practice
1.3 The practice is primarily useful when conducted over a
4.1 A specimen of known geometry is placed in mechanical
range of temperatures from −160°C to polymer degradation
oscillation either at fixed or natural resonant frequencies.
and is valid for frequencies from 0.01 to 1000 Hz.
Elastic or loss moduli, or both of the specimen are measured
1.4 This practice is intended for materials that have an
while varying time, temperature of the specimen or frequency,
elastic modulus in the range from 0.5 MPa to 100 GPa (73 psi
7 or both, of the oscillation. Plots of the elastic or loss moduli, or
to 1.5 3 10 psi).
both, are indicative of viscoelastic characteristics of the speci-
1.5 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained
men. Rapid changes in viscoelastic properties at particular
under differing experimental conditions. Without changing the
temperatures, times, or frequency are normally referred to as
observed data, reporting in full (as described in this practice)
transition regions.
the conditions under which the data were obtained will enable
apparent differences observed in another study to be recon- NOTE 1—The particular method for measurement of elastic and loss
moduli depends upon the operating principle of the instrument used.
ciled.
1.6 Test data obtained by this practice is relevant and
5. Significance and Use
appropriate for use in engineering design.
5.1 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a method for
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
determining elastic and loss moduli as a function of tempera-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
ture, frequency or time, or both. A plot of the elastic modulus
only.
and loss modulus of material versus temperature provides a
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
graphical representation of elasticity and damping as a function
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of temperature or frequency.
responsibility of the user of this practice to establish appro-
5.2 This procedure can be used to locate transition tempera-
tures of plastics, that is, changes in the molecular motions of a
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-20 on Plastics polymer. In the temperature ranges where significant changes
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1995. Published December 1995. Originally
2
published as D 4065 – 82. Last previous edition D 4065 – 94. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
3
This edition includes revisions to Table 1 and the addition of 1.6. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
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