ASTM A453/A453M-08

Standard Specification for High-Temperature Bolting Materials, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels

ABSTRACT
This specification covers standards for Grade 660 (Class A, B, C, and D) , Grade 651 (Class A and B), Grade 662 (Class A and B), and Grade 665 (Class A and B) of bolting materials for use in high-temperature service such as fasteners, for pressure vessels and valve flanges. Bolting materials in this specification covers rolled, forged, or hot-extruded bars, and also bolts, nuts, screws, washers, studs, and stud bolts. Materials shall adhere to specified contents of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, columbium, aluminum, vanadium, boron, and copper. Materials shall be subjected to tension, stress-rupture, and hardness tests. Materials shall conform to yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, reduction of area, Brinell hardness, and Rockwell hardness requirements. Hardening and solution treatment requirements for each material class are also given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four grades of bolting materials with ten classes of yield strength ranging from 50 to 120 ksi [345 to 827 MPa] for use in high-temperature service such as fasteners for pressure vessel and valve flanges. The material requires special processing and is not intended for general purpose applications. The term “bolting material,” as used in this specification, covers rolled, forged, or hot-extruded bars; bolts, nuts, screws, washers, studs, and stud bolts. Headed bolts and rolled threads may be supplied.
Note 1—Other bolting materials are covered by Specification A 193/A 193M and Specification A 437/A 437M.  
1.2 Supplementary Requirement S 1 of an optional nature is provided. This shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the order.  
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. ^REFERENCE:
ASTM Standards:  
A 193/A 193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
A 437/A 437M Specification for Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for High-Temperature Service
A 962/A 962M Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Fasteners or Fastener Materials, or Both, Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
E 139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
F 1470 Guide for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2008
• ICS: 21.060.01 - Fasteners in general
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.22 - Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A453/A453M-04 - Standard Specification for High-Temperature Bolting Materials, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM A453/A453M-10 - Standard Specification for High-Temperature Bolting, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM A962/A962M-23a - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1725-17(2022) - Standard Guide for Hot Cell Specialized Support Equipment and Tools
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM E292-18 - Standard Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A453/A453M – 08
Standard Specification for
High-Temperature Bolting Materials, with Expansion
1
Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA453/A453M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* A193/A193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
2 Steel Bolting Materials for High Temperature or High
1.1 This specification covers four grades of bolting mate-
Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
rials with ten classes of yield strength ranging from 50 to 120
A437/A437M Specification for Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type
ksi [345 to 827 MPa] for use in high-temperature service such
Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for High-
as fasteners for pressure vessel and valve flanges.The material
Temperature Service
requires special processing and is not intended for general
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for
purpose applications. The term “bolting material,” as used in
SteelFastenersorFastenerMaterials,orBoth,Intendedfor
this specification, covers rolled, forged, or hot-extruded bars;
Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep
bolts,nuts,screws,washers,studs,andstudbolts.Headedbolts
Range
and rolled threads may be supplied.
E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,
NOTE 1—Other bolting materials are covered by Specification A193/
and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
A193M and Specification A437/A437M.
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-
1.2 SupplementaryRequirementS1ofanoptionalnatureis
chanical Properties and Performance Inspection
provided. This shall apply only when specified by the pur-
3. Terminology
chaser in the order.
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the
3.1.1 bolting material—this covers rolled, forged, or hot-
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate-
extruded bars; bolts, nuts, screws, washers, studs, and stud
rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
bolts; and also includes those manufactured by upset heading
1.4 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to
or roll threading techniques.
beregardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunits
3.1.2 heat-treatment charge—one heat of material heat
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may
treated in one batch. If a continuous operation is used, the
not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
weight processed as a heat-treatment charge shall not exceed
independently of the other. Combining values from the two
the weights in Table 1.
systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
3.1.3 lot—alotshallconsistofthequantitiesshowninTable
2.
2. Referenced Documents
3
4. Ordering Information
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel,
4.1.2 Description of material (bars, bolts, nuts, etc.),
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.3 Grade and class (see Table 3),
A01.22onSteelForgingsandWroughtFittingsforPipingApplicationsandBolting
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
4.1.4 Method of finishing (see 6.1),
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
4.1.5 Type of thread desired (see 6.1.1),
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A453/A453M–04.
4.1.6 Alternative test method option (see 7.2.4.3),
DOI: 10.1520/A0453_A0453M-08.
2
4.1.7 Bolt shape option, if any,
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications see related Specifi-
cation SA-453 in Section II of that Code.
4.1.8 Thread option, if any,
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1.9 Test method for surface quality, if any,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1.10 Test location option, if any,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 4.1.11 Rejection option, if any, and
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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A453/A453M – 08
TABLE 1 Continuous Heat-Treatment
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A 453/A 453M–04 Designation: A453/A453M – 08
Standard Specification for
High-Temperature Bolting Materials, with Expansion
1
Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA453/A453M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 Thisspecification coversfourgradesofboltingmaterialswithtenclassesofyieldstrengthrangingfrom50to120ksi[345
to 827 MPa] for use in high-temperature service such as fasteners for pressure vessel and valve flanges. The material requires
special processing and is not intended for general purpose applications. The term “bolting material,” as used in this specification,
coversrolled,forged,orhot-extrudedbars;bolts,nuts,screws,washers,studs,andstudbolts.Headedboltsandrolledthreadsmay
be supplied.
NOTE 1—Other bolting materials are covered by Specification A 193/A 193MA193/A193M and Specification A 437/A 437MA437/A437M.
1.2 Supplementary RequirementS1ofan optional nature is provided. This shall apply only when specified by the purchaser
in the order.
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units SI or SIinch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system aremay not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
specification. standard.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A193/A193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service Specification
for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose
Applications
A437/A437M Specification for Stainless and Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for High-
Temperature Service
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Fasteners or Fastener Materials, or Both,Bolting Intended for
Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
F1470 GuidePractice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 bolting material—this covers rolled, forged, or hot-extruded bars; bolts, nuts, screws, washers, studs, and stud bolts; and
also includes those manufactured by upset heading or roll threading techniques.
3.1.2 heat-treatment charge—one heat of material heat treated in one batch. If a continuous operation is used, the weight
processed as a heat-treatment charge shall not exceed the weights in Table 1.
3.1.3 lot—a lot shall consist of the quantities shown in Table 2.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel,Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
CurrenteditionapprovedOct.1,2004.2008.PublishedOctober2004.2008.Originallyapprovedin1961.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin20032004asA453/A453M–03.
A453/A453M–04. DOI: 10.1520/A0453_A0453M-08.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications see related Specification SA-453 in Section II of that Code.
3
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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A453/A453M – 08
TABLE 1 Continuous Heat-Treatment Charge Sizes
Diameter, in. [mm] Weight, lb [kg]
3
To 1
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A453/A453M–04 Designation: A 453/A 453M – 08
Standard Specification for
High-Temperature Bolting Materials, with Expansion
1
Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA453/A453M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 Thisspecification coversfourgradesofboltingmaterialswithtenclassesofyieldstrengthrangingfrom50to120ksi[345
to 827 MPa] for use in high-temperature service such as fasteners for pressure vessel and valve flanges. The material requires
special processing and is not intended for general purpose applications. The term “bolting material,” as used in this specification,
coversrolled,forged,orhot-extrudedbars;bolts,nuts,screws,washers,studs,andstudbolts.Headedboltsandrolledthreadsmay
be supplied.
NOTE 1—Other bolting materials are covered by Specification A193/A193M and Specification A437/A437M.
1.2 Supplementary RequirementS1ofan optional nature is provided. This shall apply only when specified by the purchaser
in the order.
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units SI or SIinch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system aremay not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
specification. standard.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A193/A193M Specification forAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service Test Method
for Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments
A437/A437M Specification for Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for High-Temperature
Service Test Method for Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service
Environments
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Fasteners or Fastener Materials, or Both, Intended for Use
at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range Test Method for Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation
of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments
E139Test Method for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials Test Method for
Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments
F1470Guide for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection Test Method for
Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 bolting material—this covers rolled, forged, or hot-extruded bars; bolts, nuts, screws, washers, studs, and stud bolts; and
also includes those manufactured by upset heading or roll threading techniques.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel,Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2004.2008. Published October 2004.2008. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20032004 as
A453/A453M–034.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications see related Specification SA-453 in Section II of that Code.
3
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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A 453/A 453M – 08
3.1.2 heat-treatme
...