ASTM D3525-04
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Gasoline Diluent in Used Gasoline Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Gasoline Diluent in Used Gasoline Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Some fuel dilution of the engine oil may take place during normal operation. However, excessive fuel dilution is of concern in terms of possible performance problems. This method provides a means to determine the magnitude of the fuel dilution, providing the user with the ability to predict performance problems and to take appropriate action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of gas chromatography to determine the amount of gasoline in used lubricating oils arising from their use in gasoline engines.
1.2 There is no limitation for the determination of the dilution range, provided that the amount of sample plus internal standard is within the linear range of the gas chromatograph detector.
1.3 This test method is limited to gas chromatographs equipped with flame ionization detectors and programmable ovens.
Note 1—The use of other detectors and instrumentation has been reported. However, the precision statement applies only when the instrumentation specified is employed.
1.4 The applicability of this method to gelled used engine oils has not been adequately investigated in order to ensure compliance with the indicated repeatability and reproducibility. Gelled oils are defined as oils that develop structure on standing, but that return to their original fluidity with light agitation.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D3525–04
Standard Test Method for
Gasoline Diluent in Used Gasoline Engine Oils by Gas
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3525; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Rela-
tionships
1.1 This test method covers the use of gas chromatography
E594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used
to determine the amount of gasoline in used lubricating oils
in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
arising from their use in gasoline engines.
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
1.2 There is no limitation for the determination of the
Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
dilution range, provided that the amount of sample plus
internal standard is within the linear range of the gas chro-
3. Terminology
matograph detector.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 This test method is limited to gas chromatographs
3.1.1 For definition of gas chromatography terms, refer to
equipped with flame ionization detectors and programmable
Practice E355.
ovens.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 1—The use of other detectors and instrumentation has been
3.2.1 fuel dilution, n—the amount, expressed as a percent-
reported. However, the precision statement applies only when the instru-
age, of gasoline found in engine lubricating oil.
mentation specified is employed.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Fuel dilution may be the result of
1.4 The applicability of this method to gelled used engine
engine wear or improper performance.
oils has not been adequately investigated in order to ensure
3.2.2 fuel diluent, n—in used oil analysis, unburned fuel
compliancewiththeindicatedrepeatabilityandreproducibility.
components that enter the engine crankcase cause dilution of
Gelled oils are defined as oils that develop structure on
the oil.
standing, but that return to their original fluidity with light
3.2.2.1 Discussion—In this method, the fuel diluent com-
agitation.
ponents being determined originate from gasoline.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.3 Abbreviations:
standard.
3.3.1 Acommonabbreviationofhydrocarboncompoundsis
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
to designate the number of carbon atoms in the compound. A
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
prefix is used to indicate the carbon chain form, while a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
subscripted suffix denotes the number of carbon atoms.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Example:
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
normal decane n-C
10
iso-tetradecane i-C
14
2. Referenced Documents
2 4. Summary of Test Method
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 A gas chromatographic technique is used for analyzing
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
the samples, by adding a known percentage of n-tetradecane as
1 an internal standard, in order to determine the weight percent
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
of gasoline fuel in the lubricating oil. A calibration curve is
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis.
previously constructed which plots the gasoline fuel to
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally
n-tetradecane response ratio versus the weight percent of
´1
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 3525–93(2002) .
gasoline fuel in lubricating oil mixtures containing a constant
DOI: 10.1520/D3525-04.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or amount of internal standard. Mass percent of gasoline fuel in
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
the samples is determined by interpolation from the calibration
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
curve.
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D3525–04
TABLE 1 Typical Operating Conditions
Packed Columns Open Tubular Columns
Column length, m (ft) 0.610 (2) 5 – 10
Column outside diameter, mm (in.) 3.2 (1/8) —
Column inner diameter, mm (in.) 2.36 ( 0.093) 0.53
Liquid phase methylsilicone gum or liquids cross-linked, bonded polydimethylsiloxane
Percent liquid phase 10 —
Support material crushed fire
...
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