ASTM D92-02

Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the flash and fire point of petroleum products by a manual Cleveland open cup apparatus or an automated Cleveland open cup apparatus.  
Note 1—The precisions for fire point were not determined in the current interlaboratory program. Fire point is a parameter which is not commonly specified, although in some cases, knowledge of this flammability temperature may be desired.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to all petroleum products with flash points above 79° C (175° F) and below 400° C (752° F) except fuel oils.  
Note 2—This test method may occasionally be specified for the determination of the fire point of a fuel oil. For the determination of the flash points of fuel oils, use Test Method D 93. Test Method D 93 should also be used when it is desired to determine the possible presence of small, but significant concentrations of lower flash point substances which may escape detection by Test Method D 92. Test Method D 1310 can be employed if the flash point is known to be below 79° C (175° F).  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.4, 7.1, 11.1.3, and 11.2.4.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2002
• ICS: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
• ICS: 75.080 - Petroleum products in general
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.08 - Volatility

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D92-01 - Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D92-02a - Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D117-22 - Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D2170/D2170M-22 - Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4485-22e1 - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5710/D5710M-22 - Standard Specification for Trinidad Lake Modified Asphalt
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4383-21 - Standard Specification for Plowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D8324-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Vessel General Permit
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D8239-23 - Standard Specification for Performance-Graded Asphalt Binder Using the Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) Test
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4378-22 - Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Mineral Turbine Oils for Steam, Gas, and Combined Cycle Turbines
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D2878-21 - Standard Test Method for Estimating Apparent Vapor Pressures and Molecular Weights of Lubricating Oils
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2417-23 - Standard Specification for Fire Safety for Candles
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E502-21a - Standard Test Method for Selection and Use of ASTM Standards for the Determination of Flash Point of Chemicals by Closed Cup Methods
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7654/D7654M-10(2018) - Standard Specification for Asphalt Used in Roofing Measured by Dynamic Shear Rheometer
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E102/E102M-93(2021) - Standard Test Method for Saybolt Furol Viscosity of Bituminous Materials at High Temperatures
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: D 92 – 02
American Association State
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T48
DIN 51 376
Designation: 36/84 (89)
Standard Test Method for
1
Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 92; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
This flash point and fire point test method is a dynamic method and depends on definite rates of
temperature increases to control the precision of the test method. Its primary use is for viscous
materials having flash point of 79°C (175°F) and above. It is also used to determine fire point, which
is a temperature above the flash point, at which the test specimen will support combustion for a
minimum of 5 s. Do not confuse this test method with Test Method D 4206, which is a sustained
burning test, open cup type, at a specific temperature of 49°C (120°F).
1. Scope * safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the flash
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
point and fire point of petroleum products by a manual
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
Cleveland open cup apparatus or an automated Cleveland open
statements, see 6.4, 7.1, 11.1.3, and 11.2.4.
cup apparatus.
NOTE 1—The precisions for fire point were not determined in the 2. Referenced Documents
current interlaboratory program. Fire point is a parameter that is not
2.1 ASTM Standards:
commonly specified, although in some cases, knowledge of this flamma-
D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
bility temperature may be desired.
2
Closed Cup Tester
1.2 This test method is applicable to all petroleum products
3
D 140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
with flash points above 79°C (175°F) and below 400°C
D 1310 Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Points of
(752°F) except fuel oils.
4
Liquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
NOTE 2—This test method may occasionally be specified for the
5
determination of the fire point of a fuel oil. For the determination of the Petroleum Products
flash points of fuel oils, use Test Method D 93. Test Method D 93 should
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
also be used when it is desired to determine the possible presence of small, 5
Petroleum Products
but significant, concentrations of lower flash point substances that may
D 4206 Test Method for Sustained Burning of Liquid Mix-
escape detection by Test Method D 92. Test Method D 1310 can be
6
tures by the Setaflash Tester (Open-Cup)
employed if the flash point is known to be below 79°C (175°F).
7
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 8
E 300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
9
2.2 IP Standard:
only.
Specifications for IP Standard Thermometers
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1 2
This test method is under the joint jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
4
D02.08 on Volatility. In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
5
Standardization Committee. This test method was adopted as a joint ASTM-IP Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
6
standard in 1965. This test method has been adopted for use by government agencies Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
7
to replace Method 1103.7 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b, and Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
8
Method 4294 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 141A. Discontinued—See 2000 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
9
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2002. Published September 2002. Originally Available from the Institute of Petroleum, 61 New Cavendish St., London,
published as D 92–21. Last previous edition D 92–01. W1M 8AR, U.K.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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