ASTM D7164-21

Standard Practice for On-line/At-line Heating Value Determination of Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 On-line, at-line, in-line, and other near-real time monitoring systems that measure fuel gas characteristics such as the heating value are prevalent in the natural gas and fuel gas industries. The installation and operation of particular systems vary on the specific objectives, process type, regulatory requirements, and internal performance requirements needed by the user. This protocol is intended to provide guidelines for standardized start-up procedures, operating procedures, and quality assurance practices for on-line, at-line, in-line, and other near-real time heating value monitoring systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for the determination of heating value in high methane content gaseous fuels such as natural gas using an on-line/at-line gas chromatograph.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2021
• ICS: 75.160.30 - Gaseous fuels
• Technical Committee: D03 - Gaseous Fuels
• Drafting Committee: D03.12 - On-Line/At-Line Analysis of Gaseous Fuels

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7164 − 21
Standard Practice for
On-line/At-line Heating Value Determination of Gaseous
1
Fuels by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7164; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5287 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Gaseous Fuels
D5503 Practice for Natural Gas Sample-Handling and Con-
1.1 This practice is for the determination of heating value in
ditioning Systems for Pipeline Instrumentation (With-
high methane content gaseous fuels such as natural gas using
3
drawn 2017)
an on-line/at-line gas chromatograph.
D6122 Practice for Validation of the Performance of Multi-
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
variate Online, At-Line, Field and Laboratory Infrared
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Spectrophotometer, and Raman Spectrometer BasedAna-
standard.
lyzer Systems
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Measurement System Performance
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- D6621 Practice for Performance Testing of Process Analyz-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ers for Aromatic Hydrocarbon Materials
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- D7833 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Non-Hydrocarbon Gases in Gaseous Mixtures by Gas
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Chromatography
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical E594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
2. Referenced Documents
Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
2
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2.2 ISO Standards
D1070 Test Methods for Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
ISO 6976 Natural Gas — Calculation of Calorific Values,
D1945 Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas
Density, Relative Density and Wobbe Indices From Com-
Chromatography
position
D1946 Practice for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas
ISO 7504 Gas Analysis-Vocabulary
Chromatography 5
2.3 Gas Processors Association Standards:
D3588 Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility
GPA 2172 Calculation of Gross Heating Value, Relative
Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
Density, Compressibility and Theoretical Hydrocarbon
D3764 Practice forValidation of the Performance of Process
Liquid Content for Natural Gas Mixtures for Custody
Stream Analyzer Systems
Transfer
D4150 Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
3. Terminology
Response Factors
3.1 For definitions of general terms used in D03 Gaseous
Fuels standards, refer to Terminology D4150.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.12 on On-Line/At-Line
Analysis of Gaseous Fuels.
3
Current edition approved April 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7164 – 10(2015). www.astm.org.
4
DOI: 10.1520/D7164-21. Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM www.iso.ch.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Gas Processors Association (GPA), 66 American Plaza, Suite
the ASTM website. 700, Tulsa, OK 74135, http://www.gpaglobal.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7164 − 21
4. Summary of Practice 6.3 Sample Inlet System—The siting and installation
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7164 − 10 (Reapproved 2015) D7164 − 21
Standard Practice for
On-line/At-line Heating Value Determination of Gaseous
1
Fuels by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7164; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice is for the determination of heating value in high methane content gaseous fuels such as natural gas using an
on-line/at-line gas chromatograph.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1070 Test Methods for Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
D1945 Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography
D1946 Practice for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography
D3588 Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
D3764 Practice for Validation of the Performance of Process Stream Analyzer Systems
D4150 Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic Response Factors
D5287 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Gaseous Fuels
3
D5503 Practice for Natural Gas Sample-Handling and Conditioning Systems for Pipeline Instrumentation (Withdrawn 2017)
D6122 Practice for Validation of the Performance of Multivariate Online, At-Line, Field and Laboratory Infrared
Spectrophotometer, and Raman Spectrometer Based Analyzer Systems
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6621 Practice for Performance Testing of Process Analyzers for Aromatic Hydrocarbon Materials
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.12 on On-Line/At-Line Analysis
of Gaseous Fuels.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015April 1, 2021. Published December 2015May 2021. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20102015 as
D7164D7164 – 10–10.(2015). DOI: 10.1520/D7164-15.10.1520/D7164-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7164 − 21
D7833 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons and Non-Hydrocarbon Gases in Gaseous Mixtures by Gas
Chromatography
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
E594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
4
2.2 ISO Standards
ISO 6976 Natural Gas — Calculation of Calorific Values, Density, Relative Density and Wobbe Indices From Composition
ISO 7504 Gas Analysis-Vocabulary
5
2.3 Gas Processors Association Standards:
GPA 2172 Calculation of Gross Heating Value, Relative Density, Compressibility and Theoretical Hydrocarbon Liquid Content
for Natural Gas Mixtures for Custody Transfer
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 calibration gas mixture, n—a certified gas mixture with known composition used for the calibration of a measuring
instrument or for the validation of a measurement or gas analytical method.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Calibration Gas Mixtures are the a
...