ASTM C135-96(2003)

Standard Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Water Immersion

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of true specific gravity of refractory materials under prescribed conditions. It is not applicable to materials attacked by water.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jan-2003
• Technical Committee: C08 - Refractories
• Drafting Committee: C08.03 - Physical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C135-96 - Standard Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Water Immersion
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2191/F2191M-13(2020)e1 - Standard Specification for Packing Material, Graphitic or Carbon Braided Yarn
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C1240-20 - Standard Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C604-18(2023) - Standard Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Gas-Comparison Pycnometer
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 135 – 96 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Method for
True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Water
1
Immersion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 135; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.3 This test method is a primary standard method which is
suitable for use in specifications, quality control, and research
1.1 This test method covers the determination of true
and development. It can also serve as a referee test method in
specific gravity of refractory materials under prescribed con-
purchasing contracts or agreements.
ditions. It is not applicable to materials attacked by water.
3.4 Fundamental assumptions inherent in this test method
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
are the following:
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3.4.1 Thesampleisrepresentativeofthematerialingeneral,
information only.
3.4.2 The total sample has been reduced to the particle size
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specified,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.4.3 No impurity has been introduced during processing of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the sample,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.4.4 The sample itself is not magnetic and all magnetic
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
material introduced during processing of the sample has been
2. Referenced Documents
removed,
3.4.5 The material is not hydratable or reactive with water,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and
C 604 Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory
2
3.4.6 The test method has been conducted in a meticulous
Materials by Gas-Comparison Pycnometer
3
manner.
D 153 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Pigments
3.4.7 Deviation from any of these assumptions negates the
E11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
4
usefulness of the results.
poses
3.5 In interpreting the results of this test method it must be
3. Significance and Use
recognized that the specified sample particle size does not
guarantee that all closed pores have been eliminated. The
3.1 The true specific gravity of a material is the ratio of its
amount of residual closed pores may vary between materials or
true density, determined at a specific temperature, to the true
even between samples of the same or like materials, and the
density of water, determined at a specific temperature. Thus,
specified sample particle size is not the same as that specified
the true specific gravity of a material is a primary property
for Test Method C 604. The values generated by this test
which is related to chemical and mineralogical composition.
method may, therefore, be close approximations rather than
3.2 For refractory raw materials and products the true
accurate representations of true specific gravities. Thus, com-
specific gravity is a useful value for: classification, detecting
parisons of results should only be judiciously made between
differences in chemical composition between supposedly like
like materials tested by this test method or with full recognition
samples, indicating mineralogical phases or phase changes,
of potentially inherent differences between the materials being
calculating total porosity when the bulk density is known, and
compared or the test method used.
for any other test method which requires this value for the
calculation of results.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Analytical Balance, accurate to 0.1 mg.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee C08 on
4.2 Pycnometer Bottle, 50-mL, with ground-joint fitted
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.03 on Physical
thermometer and capillary side tube with cap.
Tests and Properties.
4.3 Vacuum Source, capable of 0.5 to 1.0 in. (13 to 25 mm)
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originally
approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as C 135 – 96.
Hg, for use with alternative method (Note 1).
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01.
3
NOTE 1—A suitable alternative evacuation method is described in Test
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.03.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. Methods D 153.
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C 135 – 96 (2003)
5. Preparation of Sample 6.3 Empty the pycnometer and again dry it at 10
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