ASTM D4355-02
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles by Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon Arc Type Apparatus
Standard Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles by Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon Arc Type Apparatus
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the deterioration in tensile strength of geotextiles by exposure to xenon arc radiation, moisture, and heat.
1.2 The light and water exposure apparatus employs a xenon-arc light source.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D4355–02
Standard Test Method for
Deterioration of Geotextiles by Exposure to Light, Moisture
1
and Heat in a Xenon Arc Type Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4355; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 geotextile—any permeable textile material used with
foundation, soil, rock, earth, or any other geotechnical engi-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dete-
neering related material that is an integral part of a man-made
rioration in tensile strength of geotextiles by exposure to xenon
product, structure, or system.
arc radiation, moisture, and heat.
3.2 Definitions:
1.2 The light and water exposure apparatus employs a
3.2.1 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
xenon-arc light source.
method, refer to Terminology D 123, for geotextile terms refer
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
to Terminology D 4439.
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.2 The definitions given in Terminology G 113 are appli-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
cable to this standard.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents 4.1 Five specimens of a geotextile for the machine direction
and for the cross machine direction are exposed in a xenon arc
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
device for each of the following times: 0 (control specimens),
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
3
for 150, 300, and 500 h. The exposure consists of 120-min
D 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
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cycles as follows: 90 min of light only at 65 6 3°C uninsulated
D 4439 Terminology for Geotextiles
black panel temperature and 50 6 5% relative humidity,
D 5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of
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followed by 30 min of light plus water spray.
Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
4.2 After each exposure period, the specimens are subjected
G 113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial
5
toacutorravelstriptensiletest.Theaveragebreakingstrength
Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
in each direction is compared with the average breaking
G 141 Guide forAddressingVariability in ExposureTesting
5
strengthineachdirectionofthecontrolspecimens.Thepercent
on Nonmetallic Materials
strength retained is plotted versus exposure period to produce
G 151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Ac-
a degradation curve for the specimens from each direction.
celerated Test Devices That Use Laboratory Light
5
Sources
5. Significance and Use
G 155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus
5 5.1 This method is intended to induce property changes
for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
associated with end use conditions, including the effects of
3. Terminology solar radiation, moisture and heat. The exposure used is not
intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological
attack, and salt water exposure.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
5.2 The relation between time to failure in an exposure
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endur-
conducted in accordance with this test method, and service life
ance Properties.
in a specific outdoor environment requires determination of an
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2002. Published May 2002. Originally
acceleration factor as defined in Terminology G 113. The
published as D 4355 – 84. Last previous edition D 4355 – 99
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
acceleration factor is material-dependent and is only valid if it
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
is based on data from a sufficient number of separate exterior
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.13.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4355–02
and laboratory-accelerated exposures so that the results used to 7. Sampling
relate times to failure in each exposure can be analyzed using
7.1 Lot Sample—As a lot sample for acceptance testing,
statistical methods.
take at random the number of rolls of fabric directed in an
NOTE 1—An example of a statistical analysis using multiple laboratory applicable material specification or other agreement between
and exterior exposures to calculate an accelerat
...
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