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ASTM E795-05

(Practice)

Standard Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption Tests

Standard Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption Tests

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The sound absorption of a material that covers a flat surface depends not only on the physical properties of the material but also on the way in which the material is mounted over the surface. The mountings specified in these practices are intended to simulate in the laboratory conditions that exist in normal use.
Some of the specified mountings require special fixtures or minor deviations from normal practice. These fixtures or deviations are to be used only during laboratory tests and should not be specified for practical installations. They are noted in the specifications for the mountings in question by the phrase “for laboratory testing only.”
Test reports may refer to these mountings by type designation instead of providing a detailed description of the mounting used.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover test specimen mountings to be used during sound absorption tests performed in accordance with Test Method C423.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Oct-2005
ICS
91.120.20 - Acoustics in building. Sound insulation
Technical Committee
E33 - Building and Environmental Acoustics
Drafting Committee
E33.01 - Sound Absorption
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E795-00 - Standard Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption Tests
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Replaced By
ASTM E795-05(2012) - Standard Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption Tests
Effective Date
01-Sep-2012
Referred By
ASTM C1410-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Cellular Melamine Thermal and Sound-Absorbing Insulation
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM E1264-23 - Standard Classification for Acoustical Ceiling Products
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM C634-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM E1374-18e1 - Standard Guide for Office Acoustics and Applicable ASTM Standards
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1482-23 - Standard Specification for Polyimide Flexible Cellular Thermal and Sound Absorbing Insulation
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1534-22 - Standard Specification for Flexible Polymeric Foam Sheet Insulation Used as a Thermal and Sound Absorbing Liner for Duct Systems
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM E1111/E1111M-14(2022) - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Interzone Attenuation of Open Office Components
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1014-17 - Standard Specification for Spray-Applied Mineral Fiber Thermal and Sound Absorbing Insulation
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM C423-23 - Standard Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1071-19 - Standard Specification for Fibrous Glass Duct Lining Insulation (Thermal and Sound Absorbing Material)
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM E2813-18 - Standard Practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM E1042-22 - Standard Classification for Acoustically Absorptive Materials Applied by Trowel or Spray
Effective Date
15-Oct-2005

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ASTM E795-05 - Standard Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption TestsASTM E795-05 - Standard Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption Tests
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ASTM E795-05 - Standard Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption Tests
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E795 − 05
StandardPractices for
1
Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E795; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.2.2 test surface—any hard surface over which the test
specimen or test specimen mounting is placed for testing in
1.1 These practices cover test specimen mountings to be
accordance with Test Method C423. The surface shall satisfy
used during sound absorption tests performed in accordance
the room construction requirements of Test Method C423.In
with Test Method C423.
most cases, the surface will be the floor of the reverberation
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
room.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The sound absorption of a material that covers a flat
2. Referenced Documents
surface depends not only on the physical properties of the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
material but also on the way in which the material is mounted
C423 Test Method for SoundAbsorption and SoundAbsorp-
over the surface.The mountings specified in these practices are
tion Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method
intended to simulate in the laboratory conditions that exist in
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental
normal use.
Acoustics
4.2 Some of the specified mountings require special fixtures
2.2 ISO Standard:
or minor deviations from normal practice. These fixtures or
ISO 354 Measurement of SoundAbsorption in a Reverbera-
3
deviations are to be used only during laboratory tests and
tion Room
should not be specified for practical installations. They are
noted in the specifications for the mountings in question by the
3. Terminology
phrase “for laboratory testing only.”
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 Except as noted in 4.2, the terms used in these
4.3 Test reports may refer to these mountings by type
practices are defined in Terminology C634.
designation instead of providing a detailed description of the
3.2 The following terms have the meaning noted for these
mounting used.
practices only:
3.2.1 sound-absorbing units — consists of test specimens
5. Classification
that are in direct contact with or suspended from ceilings,
5.1 The mountings are designated as follows:
walls, or other room surfaces. Sound-absorbing units include,
5.1.1 Type A Mounting—Test specimen laid directly against
but are not limited to, baffles, draperies, space absorbers,
the test surface (described in detail in Section 6).
volume absorbers (bass traps), and other three-dimensional
objects. 5.1.2 Type B Mounting—Test specimen cemented to gyp-
sum board and laid directly against the test surface (described
in detail in Section 7).
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on
5.1.3 Type C Mounting—Test specimen comprising sound-
Building and EnvironmentalAcoustics and are the direct responsibility of Subcom-
absorptive material behind a perforated, expanded, open facing
mittee E33.01 on Sound Absorption.
or other porous material (described in detail in Section 8).
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2005. Published December 2005. Originally
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E795 – 00. DOI:
5.1.4 Type D Mounting—Test specimen mounted on wood
10.1520/E0795-05.
furring strips (described in detail in Section 9).
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 5.1.5 Type E Mounting—Test specimen mounted with an air
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
space behind it (described in detail in Section 10).
the ASTM website.
3
5.1.6 Type F Mounting—Test specimen mounted with an air
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. space behind it (described in detail in Section 11).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E795 − 05
5.1.7 Type G Mounting—Test specimen is a drapery, win- joints are sealed in this manner, the test report shall describe
dow shade, or blind hung parallel to the test surface (described the method of sealing.
in detail in Section 12).
6.4 Perimeter Seals for Laboratory Testing Only—If the
5.1.8 Type H Mounting—Test specimen is a drapery sus-
perime
...

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5.1 Measurement of the sound absorption of a room is part of the procedure for other acoustical measurements, such as determining the sound power level of a noise source or the sound transmission loss of a partition. It is also used in certain calculations such as predicting the sound pressure level in a room when the sound power level of a noise source in the room is known.  
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5.3 Diffraction effects4 usually cause the apparent area of a specimen to be greater than its geometrical area, thereby increasing the coefficients measured according to this test method. When the test specimen is highly absorptive, these values may exceed unity.  
5.4 The coefficients measured by this test method should be used with caution because not only are the areas encountered in practical usage usually larger than the test specimen, but also the sound field is rarely diffuse. In the laboratory, measurements must be made under reproducible conditions, but in practical usage the conditions that determine the effective absorption are often unpredictable. Regardless of the differences and the necessity for judgment, coefficients measured by this test method have been used successfully by architects and consultants in the acoustical design of architectural spaces.  
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1.2 Field Measurements—Although this test method covers laboratory measurements, the test method described in 4.1 can be used for making field measurements of the absorption of rooms (see also 5.5). A method to measure the absorption of rooms in the field is described in Test Method E2235.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The main part of this standard uses procedures originally developed for laboratory measurements of the sound transmission loss of partitions. These procedures assume that the rooms in which the measurements are performed have a sound field that reasonably approximates a diffuse field. Sound pressure levels in such rooms are reasonably uniform throughout the room and average levels vary inversely with the logarithm of the room sound absorption. Not all rooms will satisfy these conditions. Experience and controlled studies (1)6 have shown that the test method is applicable to smaller spaces normally used for work or living, such as rooms in multi-family dwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices with volumes less than 150 m3. The measures appropriate for such spaces are NR, NNR, and ATL. The corresponding single number ratings are NIC, NNIC and ASTC. The ATL and ASTC are measurable between larger spaces that meet a limitation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniform sound distribution.  
5.2 Annex A1 was developed for use in spaces that are very large (volume of 150 m3 or greater). Sound pressure levels during testing vary markedly across large rooms so that the degree of isolation varies strongly with distance from the common (separating) partition. This procedure evaluates the isolation observed near the partition. The appropriate measure is NR, and the appropriate single number rating is NIC.  
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FIG. 1 Direct (D) and Some Indirect or Flanking Paths (F and Dotted) in a Building  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The sound absorption of a material that covers a flat surface depends not only on the physical properties of the material but also on the way in which the material is mounted over the surface. The mountings specified in these practices are intended to simulate in the laboratory conditions that exist in normal use.  
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5.1 This is an in situ method, that is, the measurements are made at the actual installation. The sound levels measured according to this test method should be representative for that installation and for the quantity of acoustical absorption actually, permanently present.  
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1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of impact sound transmission of floor-ceiling assemblies using a standardized tapping machine. It is assumed that the test specimen constitutes the primary sound transmission path into a receiving room located directly below and that a good approximation to a diffuse sound field exists in this room.  
1.2 Measurements may be conducted on floor-ceiling assemblies of all kinds, including those with floating-floor or suspended ceiling elements, or both, and floor-ceiling assemblies surfaced with any type of floor-surfacing or floor-covering materials.  
1.3 This test method prescribes a uniform procedure for reporting laboratory test data, that is, the normalized one-third octave band sound pressure levels transmitted by the floor-ceiling assembly due to the tapping machine.  
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1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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5.1 The acoustical impedance properties of a sound absorptive material are related to its physical properties, such as airflow resistance, porosity, elasticity, and density. As such, the measurements described in this test method are useful in basic research and product development of sound absorptive materials.  
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5.3 Estimates of the random incidence or statistical absorption coefficients for materials can be obtained from normal incidence impedance data. For materials that are locally reacting, that is, without sound propagation inside the material parallel to its surface, statistical absorption coefficients can be estimated from specific normal acoustic impedance values using an expression derived by London (1).5 Locally reacting materials include those with high internal losses parallel with the surface such as porous or fibrous materials of high density or materials that are backed by partitioned cavities such as a honeycomb core. Formulas for estimating random incidence sound absorption properties for both locally and bulk-reacting materials, as well as for multilayer systems with and without air spaces have also been developed (2).
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1.1 This test method covers the use of an impedance tube, alternatively called a standing wave apparatus, for the measurement of impedance ratios and the normal incidence sound absorption coefficients of acoustical materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C522-03(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Airflow Resistance of Acoustical Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The specific airflow resistance of an acoustical material is one of the properties that determine its sound-absorptive and sound-transmitting properties. Measurement of specific airflow resistance is useful during product development, for quality control during manufacture, and for specification purposes.  
5.2 Valid measurements are made only in the region of laminar airflow where, aside from random measurement errors, the airflow resistance (R = P/U) is constant. When the airflow is turbulent, the apparent airflow resistance increases with an increase of volume velocity and the term “airflow resistance” does not apply.  
5.3 The specific airflow resistance measured by this test method may differ from the specific resistance measured by the impedance tube method in Test Method E384 for two reasons. In the presence of sound, the particle velocity inside a porous material is alternating while in this test method, the velocity is constant and in one direction only. Also, the particle velocity inside a porous material is not the same as the linear velocity measured outside the specimen.
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1.1 This test method covers the measurement of airflow resistance and the related measurements of specific airflow resistance and airflow resistivity of porous materials that can be used for the absorption and attenuation of sound. Materials cover a range from thick boards or blankets to thin mats, fabrics, papers, and screens. When the material is anisotropic, provision is made for measurements along different axes of the specimen.  
1.2 This test method is designed for the measurement of values of specific airflow resistance ranging from 100 to 10 000 mks rayls (Pa·s/m) with linear airflow velocities ranging from 0.5 mm/s to 50 mm/s and pressure differences across the specimen ranging from 0.1 Pa to 250 Pa. The upper limit of this range of linear airflow velocities is a point at which the airflow through most porous materials is in partial or complete transition from laminar to turbulent flow.  
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1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Table 1 is provided for user to convert into cgs units.    
cgs acoustic ohm  
mks acoustic ohm (Pa·s/m3)  
105  
cgs rayl  
mks rayl (Pa·s/m)  
10    
cgs rayl/cm  
mks rayl/m (Pa·s/m2)  
103  
cgs rayl/in.  
mks rayl/m (Pa·s/m2)  
394  
mks rayl/in.  
mks rayl/m (Pa·s/m2)  
39.4  
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ASTM E1042-22(Classification)
Standard Classification for Acoustically Absorptive Materials Applied by Trowel or Spray

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Acoustically absorptive materials are used for the control of reverberation and echoes in rooms. This standard provides a classification method for acoustically absorptive materials applied directly to surfaces by trowel or by spray.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers materials applied by trowel or spray to surfaces for the purpose of increasing their acoustical absorption.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1573-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement and Reporting of Masking Sound Levels Using A-Weighted and One-Third-Octave-Band Sound Pressure Levels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Acoustical performance is dependent on many factors (see Guide E1374 for a discussion on general office acoustical considerations). One of these factors is the masking sound. The masking spectrum shape and level must conform within specified tolerances throughout the treated area. The measurement and recording of these parameters are addressed in this test method.  
5.2 The results from this test method are used to determine if the masking sound meets a particular specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method specifies the procedure used to measure the masking sound in terms of A-weighted and one-third-octave-band sound pressure levels.  
1.2 The results of this test method can be used to determine if and where the masking sound meets (or does not meet) a particular specification.  
1.3 This test method does not evaluate the overall acoustical environment. It is intended only to measure and report the masking sound levels.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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