ASTM D1298-99

Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the laboratory determination, using a glass hydrometer, of the density, relative density (specific gravity), or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids, and having a Reid vapor pressure (Test Method D323, or IP 69) of (179 kPa) 26 lb or less. Values are measured on a hydrometer at convenient temperatures, readings of density being reduced to 15°C, and readings of relative density (specific gravity) and API gravity to 60°F, by means of international standard tables. By means of these same tables, values determined in any one of the three systems of measurement are convertible to equivalent values in either of the other two so that measurements may be made in the units of local convenience.  
1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.> For specific hazard statements, see 9.1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-1999
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.02 - Hydrocarbon Measurement for Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API)

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1298-99e1 - Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D3142/D3142M-17 - Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity, API Gravity, or Density of Cutback Asphalts by Hydrometer Method
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D117-22 - Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D4806-21a - Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D976-21e1 - Standard Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate Fuels
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D7861-14(2019) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in Diesel Fuel by Linear Variable Filter (LVF) Array Based Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D5372-20 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Heat Transfer Fluids
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D2880-23 - Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D7666-12(2019) - Standard Specification for Triglyceride Burner Fuel
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D7863-22 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient of Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D5769-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasolines by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM F2709-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining a Measured Nameplate Recovery Rate of Stationary Oil Skimmer Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D8274-20a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) Content in Diesel Fuel Oil by Portable Rapid Mid-Infrared Analyzer
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM F715-07(2023) - Standard Test Methods for Coated Fabrics Used for Oil Spill Control and Storage
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D4652-20 - Standard Specification for Silicone Liquid Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: D 1298 – 99
MPMS Chapter 9.1
160/99
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity
of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
1
Hydrometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1298; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
2
1. Scope D 1250 Guide for Petroleum Measurement Tables
2
D 2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Oils
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination
D 3117 Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Distillate
using a glass hydrometer, of the density, relative density
3
Fuels
(specific gravity), or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum products
3
Petroleum Products
normally handled as liquids, and having a Reid vapor pressure
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less.
3
Petroleum Products
1.2 Values are measured on a hydrometer at either the
D 5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid
reference temperature or at another convenient temperature,
4
Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
and readings corrected to the reference temperature by means
5
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
of the Petroleum Measurement Tables; values obtained at other
5
E 100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
than the reference temperature being hydrometer readings and
6
2.2 Institute of Petroleum Standards
not density measurements.
IP 389 Determination of wax appearance temperature
1.3 Values determined as density, relative density, or API
(WAT) of middle distillate fuels by differential thermal
gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units
analysis (DTA) or differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
at alternate reference temperatures by means of the Petroleum
IP Standard Methods Book, Appendix A, Specifications – IP
Measurement Tables.
Standard Thermometers
1.4 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certify-
7
2.3 ISO Standards
ing the equipment for this test method.
ISO 649-1 Laboratory glassware – Density hydrometers for
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
general purpose – Part 1: Specification
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1 density, n—the mass of liquid per unit volume at 15°C
2. Referenced Documents and 101.325 kPa with the standard unit of measurement being
kilograms per cubic metre.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Other reference temperatures, such as
D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
20°C may be used for some products or in some locations. Less
D 323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
2
ucts (Reid Method)
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
1 4
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
5
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
6
D02.02.A0 on Temperature, Density, Physical Properties. Available from Institute of Petroleum, 61 New Cavendish St., London, W1M
Current edition approved June 10, 1999. Published August 1999. Originally 8AR, UK.
e1 7 nd th
published as D 1298–53. Last previous edition D 1298–85 (1990) . Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W 42 St., 13 floor,
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D1298–99
preferred units of measurement; for example, kg/L or g/mL are 5.4 Density, relative density (specific gravity), or API grav-
still in use. ity is a factor governing the quality and pricing of crude
3.1.2 relative density (specific gravity), n—the ratio of the petroleum. However, this property of petroleum is an uncertain
mass of a given volume of liquid at a specific temperature to indication of its quality
...