ASTM D5783-95(2012)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Direct-rotary drilling may be used in support of geoenvironmental exploration and for installation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices in unconsolidated and consolidated materials. Direct-rotary drilling may be selected over other methods based on advantages over other methods. In drilling unconsolidated sediments and hard rock, other than cavernous limestones and basalts where circulation cannot be maintained, the direct-rotary method is a faster drilling method than the cable-tool method. The cutting samples from direct-rotary drilled holes are usually as representative as those obtained from cable-tool drilled holes however, direct-rotary drilled holes usually require more well-development effort. If however, drilling of water-sensitive materials (that is, friable sandstones or collapsible soils) is anticipated, it may preclude use of water-based rotary-drilling methods and other drilling methods should be considered.
4.1.1 The application of direct-rotary drilling to geoenvironmental exploration may involve sampling, coring, in-situ or pore-fluid testing, or installation of casing for subsequent drilling activities in unconsolidated or consolidated materials. Several advantages of using the direct-rotary drilling method are stability of the borehole wall in drilling unconsolidated formations due to the buildup of a filter cake on the wall. The method can also be used in drilling consolidated formations. Disadvantages to using the direct-rotary drilling method include the introduction of fluids to the subsurface, and creation of the filter cake on the wall of the borehole that may alter the natural hydraulic characteristics of the borehole.Note 3—The user may install a monitoring device within the same borehole wherein sampling, in-situ or pore-fluid testing, or coring was performed.
4.2 The subsurface water-quality monitoring devices that are addressed in this guide consist generally of a screened or porous intake and riser pipe(s) that ar...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers how direct (straight) rotary-drilling procedures with water-based drilling fluids may be used for geoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices. Note 1—The term direct with respect to the rotary-drilling method of this guide indicates that a water-based drilling fluid is pumped through a drill-rod column to a rotating bit. The drilling fluid transports cuttings to the surface through the annulus between the drill-rod column and the borehole wall. Note 2—This guide does not include considerations for geotechnical site characterization that are addressed in a separate guide.
1.2 Direct-rotary drilling for geoenvironmental exploration and monitoring-device installations will often involve safety planning, administration and documentation. This standard does not purport to specifically address exploration and site safety.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a proj...
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D5783 − 95 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Guide for
Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid
for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of
1
Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5783; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope document be applied without consideration of a project’s many
unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this
1.1 This guide covers how direct (straight) rotary-drilling
document means only that the document has been approved
procedures with water-based drilling fluids may be used for
through the ASTM consensus process.
geoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurface
water-quality monitoring devices.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—The term direct with respect to the rotary-drilling method of
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
this guide indicates that a water-based drilling fluid is pumped through a
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
drill-rod column to a rotating bit. The drilling fluid transports cuttings to
Fluids
the surface through the annulus between the drill-rod column and the
borehole wall.
D1452 Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling byAuger
NOTE 2—This guide does not include considerations for geotechnical
Borings
site characterization that are addressed in a separate guide.
D1586 Test Method for Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-
1.2 Direct-rotary drilling for geoenvironmental exploration
Barrel Sampling of Soils
and monitoring-device installations will often involve safety
D1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils for
planning, administration and documentation. This standard
Geotechnical Purposes
does not purport to specifically address exploration and site
D2113 Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of
safety.
Rock for Site Exploration
D3550 Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel,
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Drive Sampling of Soils
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Used at Waste Sites
and are not considered standard.
D5092 Practice for Design and Installation of Groundwater
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Monitoring Wells
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D5099 Test Methods for Rubber—Measurement of Process-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ing Properties Using Capillary Rheometry
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D5434 Guide for Field Logging of Subsurface Explorations
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of Soil and Rock
1.5 This guide offers an organized collection of information
D5784 Guide for Use of Hollow-Stem Augers for Geoenvi-
or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
ronmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
experience and should be used in conjunction with professional
judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all
3. Terminology
circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
3.1 Definitions:
sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of
3.1.1 Terminology used within this guide is in accordance
a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
with Terminology D653. Definitions of additional terms may
be found in Terminology D653.
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ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoilandRock
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and
2
Vadose Zone Investigations. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5783 – 95 (2006). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D5783-95R12. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5783 − 95 (2012)
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 3.2.11.1 Discussion—The composition of the drillable plug
should be known and documented.
3.2.1 bentonite—the common name for drilling-fluid addi-
tives and well-con
...
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