ASTM C501-84(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Relative Resistance to Wear of Unglazed Ceramic Tile by the Taber Abraser
Standard Test Method for Relative Resistance to Wear of Unglazed Ceramic Tile by the Taber Abraser
ABSTRACT
This test method covers the establishment of an abrasive wear index by determination of the loss of weight resulting from abrasion of unglazed ceramic tile by Taber Abraser. The test method consists of mounting the tile specimens in suitable holders, attaching the mounted holders to the spindle of the Taber Abraser, and subjecting the specimens to a prescribed number of revolutions under abrasive wheels of specified coarseness and under a definite applied load. The apparatus consists of Taber abrading machine, vacuum pick-up, revolution counter, wheel refacer, and balance. The procedure of sampling and mounting the test specimen are detailed. The formula for calculating the abrasive wear index from the loss of weight due to abrasion is given.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the establishment of an abrasive wear index by determination of the loss of weight resulting from abrasion of unglazed ceramic tile. It is applicable to tile described in Definitions C242.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C501 − 84(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Relative Resistance to Wear of Unglazed Ceramic Tile by
the Taber Abraser
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Federal Specification:
2 SS-T–308b Tile, Floor, Wall, and Trim Units, Ceramic
1.1 This test method covers the establishment of an abra-
sivewearindexbydeterminationofthelossofweightresulting
3. Terminology
from abrasion of unglazed ceramic tile. It is applicable to tile
3.1 Definitions:
described in Definitions C242.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, see
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Terminology C242.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4. Summary of Test Method
and are not considered standard.
4.1 Thistestmethodconsistsofmountingthetilespecimens
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
in suitable holders, attaching the mounted holders to the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
spindle of the Taber Abraser, and subjecting the specimens to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a prescribed number of revolutions under abrasive wheels of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
specified coarseness and under a definite applied load. From
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the loss of weight due to abrasion, the abrasive wear index is
2. Referenced Documents
calculated by a given formula.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Apparatus
C242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and Related
Products
5.1 Taber Abrading Machine, equipped with replaceable
hard abrasive H-22 Calibrade wheels, which can be loaded by
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC21onCeramic
weights.
Whitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.2 Vacuum Pick-Up, to remove the abraded material while
C21.06 on Ceramic Tile.
Current edition approved May 15, 2009. Published February 2010. Originally
the machine is in operation.
published as C501 – 62. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as
5.3 Revolution Counter.
C501 – 80(2002). DOI: 10.1520/C0501-84R09.
This test method is basically the same as the abrasion test given in Federal 5
5.4 Wheel Refacer.
Specification SS-T-308b, except two minor changes have been made:
(1) The number of specimens required by the test is changed from three to four,
5.5 Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.05 g.
so that the condition of the abrasive wheels used can be specified as new and once
dressed. The diameters of wheels redressed more than once vary greatly and
6. Sampling
nonuniformly, introducing an unnecessary variation in test results.
(2) The bulk specific gravity of the tile tested has been eliminated from
6.1 Four tile specimens 4 in. (102 mm) square or larger, or
calculation of the wear index. The probable resulting maximum error of 2 ⁄2 %in
if ceramic mosaic tile, sufficient tile for four specimen assem-
the wear-index value, when an average is assumed, does not justify the cumbersome
determinations of bulk specific gravity of the specimen. Measurements of bulk blies 4 in. square shall constitute a sample and shall be chosen
specific gravities of twenty different unglazed tile from eight different
manufacturers, including quarry tile, porcelain tile, natural clay tile and conductive
tile showed a range of bulk specific gravity from 2.34 to 2.47, except for that of
conductive tile which was as high as 2.98. The average of 2.40 was selected as a Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
constant to be substituted for G in the SS-T-308b formula to obtain the formula in Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
this test method. Therefore, to obtain the value 88, the constant of 36.75 in the www.dodssp.daps.mil.
SS-T-308b test has been multipled by 2.40 to keep the wear indexes of both tests on The sole source of supply of the Tabor Abraser and the Model 200 wheel
the same numerical scale. refacer known to the committee at this time is Teledyne Taber Instrument Corp., 17
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C501 − 84 (2009)
NOTE 1—Two sets of new wheels are required for this method. They
fromthelottobetested.Onlytilethatshownovisiblewarpage
shall each be used new and refaced once. There shall be a total of four
...
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