ASTM E273-10
(Practice)Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing
Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing
ABSTRACT
This practice describes the general ultrasonic examination procedures for the detection of discontinuities in the weld and adjacent heat affected zones of welded pipe and tubing by scanning with relative motion between the search unit and pipe or tube. When contact or unfocused immersion search units are employed, this practice is intended for tubular products having specified outside diameters and wall thicknesses. And when properly focused immersion search units are employed, this practice may also be applied to material of smaller diameter and thinner wall. This practice does not establish acceptance criteria for this procedure. A pulsed ultrasonic angle beam shall be propagated in the wall of the pipe or tube by either the surface contact or immersion method. The weld line shall then be examined from both sides to ensure detection of imperfections with a shape or orientation that produces a preferential direction of reflection.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes general ultrasonic testing procedures for the detection of discontinuities in the weld and adjacent heat affected zones of welded pipe and tubing by scanning with relative motion between the search unit and pipe or tube. When contact or unfocused immersion search units are employed, this practice is intended for tubular products having specified outside diameters ≥2 in. (≥50 mm) and specified wall thicknesses of 1/8to 11/16 in. (3 to 27 mm). When properly focused immersion search units are employed, this practice may also be applied to material of smaller diameter and thinner wall.
Note 1—When contact or unfocused immersion search units are used, precautions should be exercised when examining pipes or tubes near the lower specified limits. Certain combinations of search unit size, frequency, thin–wall thicknesses, and small diameters could cause generation of unwanted sound waves that may produce erroneous examination results.
1.2 All surfaces of material to be examined in accordance with this practice shall be clean from scale, dirt, burrs, slag, spatter or other conditions that would interfere with the examination results. The configuration of the weld must be such that interfering signals are not generated by reflections from it. Treatment of the inner surface and outer surface weld beads such as trimming (“scarfing”) or rolling is often required to remove protuberances that could result in spurious reflections.
1.3 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria, they must be specified by the using parties.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents are in parentheses and may be approximate.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E273 − 10
StandardPractice for
Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and
1
Tubing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E273; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2
1.1 This practice describes general ultrasonic testing pro-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
cedures for the detection of discontinuities in the weld and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
adjacent heat affected zones of welded pipe and tubing by
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
scanning with relative motion between the search unit and pipe
or tube.When contact or unfocused immersion search units are
2. Referenced Documents
employed, this practice is intended for tubular products having
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specified outside diameters≥2 in. (≥50 mm) and specified wall
1 1 E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive
thicknesses of ⁄8 to 1 ⁄16 in. (3 to 27 mm). When properly
Testing
focused immersion search units are employed, this practice
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
may also be applied to material of smaller diameter and thinner
wall.
2.2 ASNT Documents
Recommended Practice SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualifica-
NOTE 1—When contact or unfocused immersion search units are used,
tion and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
precautions should be exercised when examining pipes or tubes near the
lowerspecifiedlimits.Certaincombinationsofsearchunitsize,frequency,
thin–wall thicknesses, and small diameters could cause generation of
3. Terminology
unwanted sound waves that may produce erroneous examination results.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
1.2 All surfaces of material to be examined in accordance
practice, see Terminology E1316.
with this practice shall be clean from scale, dirt, burrs, slag,
spatter or other conditions that would interfere with the
4. Summary of Practice
examination results. The configuration of the weld must be
4.1 A pulsed ultrasonic angle beam shall be propagated in
such that interfering signals are not generated by reflections
the wall of the pipe or tube by either the surface contact or
from it. Treatment of the inner surface and outer surface weld
immersion method. Fig. 1 illustrates the characteristic oblique
beads such as trimming (“scarfing”) or rolling is often required
sound entry into the pipe wall for both contact and immersion
to remove protuberances that could result in spurious reflec-
examination from one search unit.
tions.
NOTE2—Theimmersionexaminationmethodmayincludetanks,wheel
1.3 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria, they
search units, or bubbler systems.
must be specified by the using parties.
4.2 The weld line shall be examined from both sides to
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded ensure detection of imperfections with a shape or orientation
as the standard. The SI equivalents are in parentheses and may that produces a preferential direction of reflection.
be approximate.
5. Apparatus
5.1 The instruments and accessory equipment shall be
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde- capable of producing, receiving, amplifying, and displaying
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.06 on
Ultrasonic Method.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2010.PublishedJuly2010.Originallyapproved
3
in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E273 - 01(2005). DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/E0273-10. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Practice Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
SE-273 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E273 − 10
focused search units shall be at least equal to the radius of the
material plus a suitable water path so that initial focus may be
on the tube or pipe central axis (2).
6. Basis of Application
6.1 The following are items that require decision for use of
this practice:
6.1.1 Acceptance criteria,
6.1.2 Type,dimension,andnumberofreferencer
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E273–01 (Reapproved 2005) Designation: E273 – 10
Standard Practice for
Ultrasonic ExaminationTesting of the Weld Zone of Welded
1
Pipe and Tubing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E273; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
2
1.1 Thispractice describesgeneralultrasonicexaminationtestingproceduresforthedetectionofdiscontinuitiesintheweldand
adjacent heat affected zones of welded pipe and tubing by scanning with relative motion between the search unit and pipe or tube.
When contact or unfocused immersion search units are employed, this practice is intended for tubular products having specified
1 1
outside diameters $2 in. ($50 mm) and specified wall thicknesses of ⁄8 to 1 ⁄16 in. (3 to 27 mm). When properly focused
immersion search units are employed, this practice may also be applied to material of smaller diameter and thinner wall.
NOTE 1—When contact or unfocused immersion search units are used, precautions should be exercised when examining pipes or tubes near the lower
specifiedlimits.Certaincombinationsofsearchunitsize,frequency,thin–wallthicknesses,andsmalldiameterscouldcausegenerationofunwantedsound
waves that may produce erroneous examination results.
1.2 All surfaces of material to be examined in accordance with this practice shall be clean from scale, dirt, burrs, slag, spatter
or other conditions that would interfere with the examination results. The configuration of the weld must be such that interfering
signals are not generated by reflections from it. Treatment of the inner surface and outer surface weld beads such as trimming
(“scarfing”) or rolling is often required to remove protuberances that could result in spurious reflections.
1.3 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria, they must be specified by the using parties.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents are in parentheses and may be
approximate.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
2.2 ASNT Documents
Recommended Practice SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this practice, see Terminology E1316.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Apulsed ultrasonic angle beam shall be propagated in the wall of the pipe or tube by either the surface contact or immersion
method.Fig.1illustratesthecharacteristicobliquesoundentryintothepipewallforbothcontactandimmersionexaminationfrom
one search unit.
NOTE 2—The immersion examination method may include tanks, wheel search units, or bubbler systems.
4.2 The weld line shall be examined from both sides to ensure detection of imperfections with a shape or orientation that
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE07onNondestructiveTestingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE07.06onUltrasonicMethod.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2005.2010.PublishedJune2005.July2010.Originallyapprovedin1965.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin20012005asE273 - 01(2005).
DOI: 10.1520/E0273-01R05.10.1520/E0273-10.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Practice SE-273 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E273 – 10
NOTE 1—u = 35° through 70°.
FIG. 1 Angle Projection of Ultrasonic Wave
produces a preferential direction of reflection.
5. Apparatus
5.1 The instruments and accessory equipment shall be capable of producing, receiving, am
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E273–01 (Reapproved 2005) Designation: E273 – 10
Standard Practice for
Ultrasonic ExaminationTesting of the Weld Zone of Welded
1
Pipe and Tubing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E273; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
2
1.1 Thispractice describesgeneralultrasonicexaminationtestingproceduresforthedetectionofdiscontinuitiesintheweldand
adjacent heat affected zones of welded pipe and tubing by scanning with relative motion between the search unit and pipe or tube.
When contact or unfocused immersion search units are employed, this practice is intended for tubular products having specified
1 1
outside diameters $2 in. ($50 mm) and specified wall thicknesses of ⁄8 to 1 ⁄16 in. (3 to 27 mm). When properly focused
immersion search units are employed, this practice may also be applied to material of smaller diameter and thinner wall.
NOTE 1—When contact or unfocused immersion search units are used, precautions should be exercised when examining pipes or tubes near the lower
specifiedlimits.Certaincombinationsofsearchunitsize,frequency,thin–wallthicknesses,andsmalldiameterscouldcausegenerationofunwantedsound
waves that may produce erroneous examination results.
1.2 All surfaces of material to be examined in accordance with this practice shall be clean from scale, dirt, burrs, slag, spatter
or other conditions that would interfere with the examination results. The configuration of the weld must be such that interfering
signals are not generated by reflections from it. Treatment of the inner surface and outer surface weld beads such as trimming
(“scarfing”) or rolling is often required to remove protuberances that could result in spurious reflections.
1.3 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria, they must be specified by the using parties.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents are in parentheses and may be
approximate.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
2.2 ASNT Documents
Recommended Practice SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this practice, see Terminology E1316.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Apulsed ultrasonic angle beam shall be propagated in the wall of the pipe or tube by either the surface contact or immersion
method.Fig.1illustratesthecharacteristicobliquesoundentryintothepipewallforbothcontactandimmersionexaminationfrom
one search unit.
NOTE 2—The immersion examination method may include tanks, wheel search units, or bubbler systems.
4.2 The weld line shall be examined from both sides to ensure detection of imperfections with a shape or orientation that
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE07onNondestructiveTestingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE07.06onUltrasonicMethod.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2005.2010.PublishedJune2005.July2010.Originallyapprovedin1965.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin20012005asE273 - 01(2005).
DOI: 10.1520/E0273-01R05.10.1520/E0273-10.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Practice SE-273 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E273 – 10
NOTE 1—u = 35° through 70°.
FIG. 1 Angle Projection of Ultrasonic Wave
produces a preferential direction of reflection.
5. Apparatus
5.1 The instruments and accessory equipment shall be capable of producing, receiving, am
...
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