ASTM D1084-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
Standard Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Several test methods are noted for viscosity determination of Newtonian and near Newtonian flow characteristics. (For adhesives not fitting into this category, Test Method D 2556 should be considered.) Four test methods are covered as follows:
Method A is applicable only to adhesives that will deliver 50 mL in a steady uninterrupted stream from one of the cups described in Section 5.
Method B is intended for measuring the viscosity of adhesives covering a range from 0.05 Pa · s to 200 Pa · s
(50 to 200 000 cP) and is limited to materials that have or approach Newtonian flow characteristics.
Method C is intended primarily as a control method for determining the viscosity of adhesives that have or approach Newtonian flow characteristics.
Method D is intended primarily as a control method for determining the viscosity of materials that have an equivalent viscosity no greater than approximately 3000 cP and is limited to materials that have or approach Newtonian flow characteristics.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the viscosity of free-flowing adhesives.
1.1.1 The limitation of this test method to self-leveling adhesives eliminates thixotropic and plastic materials whose viscosity is a function of the rate of stirring and previous history of the adhesive.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D1084 − 08
StandardTest Methods for
1
Viscosity of Adhesives
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1084; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
3
1. Scope 2.2 ISO Document:
ISO 2555 Plastics — Resins in the Liquid State or as
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
Emulsions or Dispersions — Determination of Apparent
viscosity of free-flowing adhesives.
Viscosity by the Brookfield Test Method
1.1.1 The limitation of this test method to self-leveling
adhesives eliminates thixotropic and plastic materials whose
3. Terminology
viscosity is a function of the rate of stirring and previous
history of the adhesive. 3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Many terms in these test methods are defined in
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Terminology D907.
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
3.1.2 viscosity, n—of a liquid, the resistance to flow ex-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
pressed as the ratio of the applied stress to the resulting rate of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
shearing strain (see Newtonian behavior and thixotropy).
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(Compare consistency.)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.1 viscosity, n—the ratio of shear stress to shear rate. The
viscosity of a liquid is a measure of the internal friction of the
2. Referenced Documents
liquid in motion. The unit of dynamic viscosity is the poise,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
which is expressed as dyne-seconds per square centimetre. For
D88 Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity
a Newtonian liquid, the viscosity is constant at all shear rates.
D115 Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Var-
For a non-Newtonian liquid, viscosity will vary depending on
nishes Used for Electrical Insulation
shear rate.
D562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring
KrebsUnit(KU)ViscosityUsingaStormer-TypeViscom-
4. Significance and Use
eter
4.1 Several test methods are noted for viscosity determina-
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
tion of Newtonian and near Newtonian flow characteristics.
D1200 Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup
(For adhesives not fitting into this category, Test Method
D1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by
D2556shouldbeconsidered.)Fourtestmethodsarecoveredas
Bubble Time Method
follows:
D1601 Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Ethyl-
4.1.1 Method A is applicable only to adhesives that will
ene Polymers
deliver 50 mLin a steady uninterrupted stream from one of the
D2556 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Adhesives
cups described in Section 5.
Having Shear-Rate-Dependent Flow Properties Using Ro-
4.1.2 Method B is intended for measuring the viscosity of
tational Viscometry
adhesives covering a range from 0.05 Pa·sto200Pa·s
(50 to 200 000 cP) and is limited to materials that have or
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
approach Newtonian flow characteristics.
Adhesives and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.10 on Working
4.1.3 Method C is intended primarily as a control method
Properties.
for determining the viscosity of adhesives that have or ap-
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2008. Published February 2008. Originally
proach Newtonian flow characteristics.
approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1084 – 97 (2005).
DOI: 10.1520/D1084-08.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D1084 − 08
All dimensions are in mm
FIG. 1 Consistency Cups and Apparatus Assembly
(Test Method A)
4.1.4 Method D is intended primarily as a control method cylinderinposition.Withtheoutletofthecupclosedbymeans
for determining the viscosity of materials that have an equiva- of the finger, pour the sample into the cup until it is filled to
lent viscosity no greater than approx
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D1084–97(Reapproved2005) Designation: D 1084 – 08
Standard Test Methods for
1
Viscosity of Adhesives
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1084; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. These test methods replace Method 4021 or Federal
Test Method Standard No. 175a.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the viscosity of free-flowing adhesives.
1.1.1 The limitation of this test method to self-leveling adhesives eliminates thixotropic and plastic materials whose viscosity
is a function of the rate of stirring and previous history of the adhesive.
1.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 88 Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity
D 115 Test Methods for Testing SolventsSolvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical Insulation
D 562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
D 1200 Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup
D 1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method
D 1601 Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Ethylene Polymers
D 2556 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Adhesives Having Shear-Rate-Dependent Flow Properties
3
2.2 ISO Document:
ISO 2555 Plastics — Resins in the Liquid State or as Emulsions or Dispersions — Determination ofApparent Viscosity by the
Brookfield Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in these test methods are defined in Terminology D 907.
3.1.1 viscosity, n—of a liquid, the resistance to flow expressed as the ratio of the applied stress to the resulting rate of shearing
strain (see Newtonian behavior and thixotropy). (Compare consistency.)
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 viscosity, n—theratioofshearstresstoshearrate.Theviscosityofaliquidisameasureoftheinternalfrictionoftheliquid
in motion. The unit of dynamic viscosity is the poise, which is expressed as dyne-seconds per square centimetre. For a Newtonian
liquid, the viscosity is constant at all shear rates. For a non-Newtonian liquid, viscosity will vary depending on shear rate.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Several test methods are noted for viscosity determination of Newtonian and near Newtonian flow characteristics. (For
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.10 on Working Properties
.
Current edition approved AprilFeb. 1, 2005.2008. Published April 2005.February 2008. Originally approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 19972005 as
D 1084 – 97 (2005).
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Manufactured by the Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, Stoughton, MA.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1084–08
adhesives not fitting into this category, Test Method D 2556 should be considered.) Four test methods are covered as follows:
4.1.1 Method A is applicable only to adhesives that will deliver 50 mL in a steady uninterrupted stream from one of the cups
described in Section 5.
4.1.2 Method B is intended for measuring the viscosity of adhesives covering a range from 0.05 Pa·sto200Pa·s
(50 to 200 000 cP) and is limited to materials that have or approach
...
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