ASTM E668-13

Standard Practice for Application of Thermoluminescence-Dosimetry (TLD) Systems for Determining Absorbed Dose in Radiation-Hardness Testing of Electronic Devices

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Absorbed dose in a material is an important parameter that can be correlated with radiation effects produced in electronic components and devices that are exposed to ionizing radiation. Reasonable estimates of this parameter can be calculated if knowledge of the source radiation field (that is, energy spectrum and particle fluence) is available. Sufficiently detailed information about the radiation field is generally not available. However, measurements of absorbed dose with passive dosimeters in a radiation test facility can provide information from which the absorbed dose in a material of interest can be inferred. Under certain prescribed conditions, TLDs are quite suitable for performing such measurements.Note 2—For comprehensive discussions of various dosimetry methods applicable to the radiation types and energy and absorbed dose-rate range discussed in this practice, see ICRU Reports 14, 17, 21, and 34.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the use of thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) to determine the absorbed dose in a material irradiated by ionizing radiation. Although some elements of the procedures have broader application, the specific area of concern is radiation-hardness testing of electronic devices. This practice is applicable to the measurement of absorbed dose in materials irradiated by gamma rays, X rays, and electrons of energies from 12 to 60 MeV. Specific energy limits are covered in appropriate sections describing specific applications of the procedures. The range of absorbed dose covered is approximately from 10−2 to 104 Gy (1 to 106 rad), and the range of absorbed dose rates is approximately from 10−2 to 1010 Gy/s (1 to 1012 rad/s). Absorbed dose and absorbed dose-rate measurements in materials subjected to neutron irradiation are not covered in this practice. (See Practice E2450 for guidance in mixed fields.) Further, the portion of these procedures that deal with electron irradiation are primarily intended for use in parts testing. Testing of devices as a part of more massive components such as electronics boards or boxes may require techniques outside the scope of this practice.Note 1—The purpose of the upper and lower limits on the energy for electron irradiation is to approach a limiting case where dosimetry is simplified. Specifically, the dosimetry methodology specified requires that the following three limiting conditions be approached: (a) energy loss of the primary electrons is small, (b) secondary electrons are largely stopped within the dosimeter, and (c) bremsstrahlung radiation generated by the primary electrons is largely lost.  
1.2 This standard dose not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2012
• ICS: 31.020 - Electronic components in general
• Technical Committee: E10 - Nuclear Technology and Applications
• Drafting Committee: E10.07 - Radiation Dosimetry for Radiation Effects on Materials and Devices

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E668-10 - Standard Practice for Application of Thermoluminescence-Dosimetry (TLD) Systems for Determining Absorbed Dose in Radiation-Hardness Testing of Electronic Devices
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Replaced By: ASTM E668-20 - Standard Practice for Application of Thermoluminescence-Dosimetry (TLD) Systems for Determining Absorbed Dose in Radiation-Hardness Testing of Electronic Devices
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2020
• Referred By: ASTM ISO/ASTM51205-17 - Standard Practice for Use of a Ceric-Cerous Sulfate Dosimetry System
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E2450-23 - Standard Practice for Application of CaF<inf>2</inf>(Mn) Thermoluminescence Dosimeters in Mixed Neutron-Photon Environments
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E666-21 - Standard Practice for Calculating Absorbed Dose From Gamma or X Radiation
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E1249-15(2021) - Standard Practice for Minimizing Dosimetry Errors in Radiation Hardness Testing of Silicon Electronic Devices Using Co-60 Sources
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM F773M-16 - Standard Practice for Measuring Dose Rate Response of Linear Integrated Circuits (Metric) (Withdrawn 2023)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E1250-15(2020) - Standard Test Method for Application of Ionization Chambers to Assess the Low Energy Gamma Component of Cobalt-60 Irradiators Used in Radiation-Hardness Testing of Silicon Electronic Devices
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM F1893-18 - Guide for Measurement of Ionizing Dose-Rate Survivability and Burnout of Semiconductor Devices (Withdrawn 2023)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM F448-18 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Steady-State Primary Photocurrent
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM ISO/ASTM51538-17 - Standard Practice for Use of the Ethanol-Chlorobenzene Dosimetry System
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E1894-18 - Standard Guide for Selecting Dosimetry Systems for Application in Pulsed X-Ray Sources
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM F996-11(2018) - Standard Test Method for Separating an Ionizing Radiation-Induced MOSFET Threshold Voltage Shift Into Components Due to Oxide Trapped Holes and Interface States Using the Subthreshold Current&#x2013;Voltage Characteristics (Withdrawn 2023)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E1819-15(2021) - Standard Guide for Environmental Monitoring Plans for Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM ISO/ASTM51956-13 - Standard Practice for Use of Thermoluminescence-Dosimetry (TLD) Systems for Radiation Processing
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E668 − 13
Standard Practice for
Application of Thermoluminescence-Dosimetry (TLD)
Systems for Determining Absorbed Dose in Radiation-
1
Hardness Testing of Electronic Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E668; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 Thispracticecoversproceduresfortheuseofthermolu-
minescencedosimeters(TLDs)todeterminetheabsorbeddose
2. Referenced Documents
in a material irradiated by ionizing radiation. Although some
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
elements of the procedures have broader application, the
E170Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurements and
specific area of concern is radiation-hardness testing of elec-
Dosimetry
tronic devices. This practice is applicable to the measurement
E380Practice for Use of the International System of Units
of absorbed dose in materials irradiated by gamma rays, X
3
(SI) (the Modernized Metric System) (Withdrawn 1997)
rays, and electrons of energies from 12 to 60 MeV. Specific
E666Practice for CalculatingAbsorbed Dose From Gamma
energy limits are covered in appropriate sections describing
or X Radiation
specific applications of the procedures. The range of absorbed
−2 4 6 E2450Practice for Application of CaF (Mn) Thermolumi-
2
dose covered is approximately from 10 to 10 Gy (1 to 10
nescence Dosimeters in Mixed Neutron-Photon Environ-
rad), and the range of absorbed dose rates is approximately
−2 10 12 ments
from 10 to 10 Gy/s (1 to 10 rad/s). Absorbed dose and
2.2 International Commission on Radiation Units and Mea-
absorbed dose-rate measurements in materials subjected to
4
surements (ICRU) Reports:
neutron irradiation are not covered in this practice. (See
ICRU Report 14—Radiation Dosimetry: X Rays and
Practice E2450 for guidance in mixed fields.) Further, the
Gamma Rays with Maximum Photon Energies Between
portion of these procedures that deal with electron irradiation
0.6 and 50 MeV
are primarily intended for use in parts testing. Testing of
ICRU Report17—Radiation Dosimetry: X Rays Generated
devices as a part of more massive components such as
at Potentials of 5 to 150 keV
electronics boards or boxes may require techniques outside the
ICRU Report21—Radiation Dosimetry: Electrons with Ini-
scope of this practice.
tial Energies Between 1 and 50 MeV
NOTE 1—The purpose of the upper and lower limits on the energy for
ICRU Report31—Average Energy Required to Produce an
electron irradiation is to approach a limiting case where dosimetry is
Ion Pair
simplified.Specifically,thedosimetrymethodologyspecifiedrequiresthat
ICRU Report33—Radiation Quantities and Units
the following three limiting conditions be approached: (a) energy loss of
ICRU Report34—The Dosimetry of Pulsed Radiation
the primary electrons is small, (b) secondary electrons are largely stopped
within the dosimeter, and (c) bremsstrahlung radiation generated by the ICRU Report37—Stopping Powers for Electrons and Posi-
primary electrons is largely lost.
trons
1.2 This standard dose not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions:
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on Nuclear contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Technology and Applicationsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
E10.07 on Radiation Dosimetry for Radiation Effects on Materials and Devices on the ASTM website.
3
Materials and Devices. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published January 2013. Originally www.astm.org.
4
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E668–10. DOI: Available from International Commission on Radiation Units and
10.1520/E0668-13. Measurements, 7910, Woodmont Ave., Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20814.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E668 − 13
3.1.1 absorbed dose, D—thequotientofdεbydm,wheredε material being irradiated by the primary electron. For the case
¯ ¯
isthemeanenergyimpart
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E668 − 10 E668 − 13
Standard Practice for
Application of Thermoluminescence-Dosimetry (TLD)
Systems for Determining Absorbed Dose in Radiation-
1
Hardness Testing of Electronic Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E668; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the use of thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) to determine the absorbed dose in
a material irradiated by ionizing radiation. Although some elements of the procedures have broader application, the specific area
of concern is radiation-hardness testing of electronic devices. This practice is applicable to the measurement of absorbed dose in
materials irradiated by gamma rays, X rays, and electrons of energies from 12 to 60 MeV. Specific energy limits are covered in
appropriate sections describing specific applications of the procedures. The range of absorbed dose covered is approximately from
−2 4 6 −2 10 12
10 to 10 Gy (1 to 10 rad), and the range of absorbed dose rates is approximately from 10 to 10 Gy/s (1 to 10 rad/s).
Absorbed dose and absorbed dose-rate measurements in materials subjected to neutron irradiation are not covered in this practice.
(See Practice E2450 for guidance in mixed fields.) Further, the portion of these procedures that deal with electron irradiation are
primarily intended for use in parts testing. Testing of devices as a part of more massive components such as electronics boards or
boxes may require techniques outside the scope of this practice.
NOTE 1—The purpose of the upper and lower limits on the energy for electron irradiation is to approach a limiting case where dosimetry is simplified.
Specifically, the dosimetry methodology specified requires that the following three limiting conditions be approached: (a) energy loss of the primary
electrons is small, (b) secondary electrons are largely stopped within the dosimeter, and (c) bremsstrahlung radiation generated by the primary electrons
is largely lost.
1.2 This standard dose not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E170 Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurements and Dosimetry
3
E380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System) (Withdrawn 1997)
E666 Practice for Calculating Absorbed Dose From Gamma or X Radiation
E2450 Practice for Application of CaF (Mn) Thermoluminescence Dosimeters in Mixed Neutron-Photon Environments
2
4
2.2 International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) Reports:
ICRU Report 14—Radiation Dosimetry: X Rays and Gamma Rays with Maximum Photon Energies Between 0.6 and 50 MeV
ICRU Report 17—Radiation Dosimetry: X Rays Generated at Potentials of 5 to 150 keV
ICRU Report 21—Radiation Dosimetry: Electrons with Initial Energies Between 1 and 50 MeV
ICRU Report 31—Average Energy Required to Produce an Ion Pair
ICRU Report 33—Radiation Quantities and Units
ICRU Report 34—The Dosimetry of Pulsed Radiation
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on Nuclear Technology and Applicationsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E10.07 on
Radiation Dosimetry for Radiation Effects on Materials and Devices on Materials and Devices.
Current edition approved June 1, 2010Jan. 1, 2013. Published August 2010January 2013. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
E668 – 05.E668 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/E0668-10.10.1520/E0668-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, 7910, Woodmont Ave., Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20814.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
...