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ASTM D938-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including Petrolatum

Standard Test Method for Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including Petrolatum

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Congealing point is a wax property that is of interest to many petroleum wax consumers. The procedure described here measures the temperature at which a sample being cooled develops a “set” or resistance to flow. At that temperature, the wax may be at or close to the solid state, or it may be semisolid and quite unctuous, depending on the composition of the wax or petrolatum being tested. In the case of petrolatums, congealing property is associated with the formation of a gel structure as the sample cools.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the congealing point of petroleum waxes, including petrolatum.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—This test method is an alternative to Test Method D 127. Results obtained are usually lower than the results obtained by Test Method D 127 - IP 133, the amount of the deviation varying with the nature of the petroleum wax.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2005
ICS
75.140 - Waxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.10.0A - Physical/Chemical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D938-04 - Standard Test Method for Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including Petrolatum
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D1465-10(2021) - Standard Test Method for Blocking and Picking Points of Petroleum Wax
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D721-17 - Standard Test Method for Oil Content of Petroleum Waxes
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D4732-13(2020) - Standard Specification for Cool-Application Filling Compounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D87-09(2018) - Standard Test Method for Melting Point of Petroleum Wax (Cooling Curve)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D1321-16a - Standard Test Method for Needle Penetration of Petroleum Waxes
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM F3401-19 - Standard Test Method for Wax Binder Removal from Equestrian Synthetic Track Surfaces
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D3944-12(2017) - Standard Test Method for Solidification Point of Petroleum Wax
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D4731-13(2020) - Standard Specification for Hot-Application Filling Compounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D127-19 - Standard Test Method for Drop Melting Point of Petroleum Wax, Including Petrolatum
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D1500-12(2017) - Standard Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D156-15 - Standard Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products (Saybolt Chromometer Method)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005

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ASTM D938-05 - Standard Test Method for Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including PetrolatumASTM D938-05 - Standard Test Method for Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including Petrolatum
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ASTM D938-05 - Standard Test Method for Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including Petrolatum
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D938 − 05
Designation:76/70(95) British Standard 5088
Standard Test Method for
Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including
1
Petrolatum
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D938; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A sample of wax is melted and a droplet is made to
1.1 This test method covers determination of the congealing
adhere to the bulb of a thermometer. Using a prewarmed flask
point of petroleum waxes, including petrolatum.
as an air jacket, the droplet on the bulb is allowed to cool at a
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
fixed rate until it congeals.The congealing point is observed as
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
the temperature at which the droplet ceases to flow as the
only.
thermometer is turned.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 Congealing point is a wax property that is of interest to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
many petroleum wax consumers.The procedure described here
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
measures the temperature at which a sample being cooled
develops a “set” or resistance to flow. At that temperature, the
NOTE 1—This test method is an alternative to Test Method D127.
wax may be at or close to the solid state, or it may be semisolid
Results obtained are usually lower than the results obtained by Test
and quite unctuous, depending on the composition of the wax
Method D127 – IP 133, the amount of the deviation varying with the
nature of the petroleum wax.
or petrolatum being tested. In the case of petrolatums, congeal-
ing property is associated with the formation of a gel structure
2. Referenced Documents as the sample cools.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Apparatus
D127 Test Method for Drop Melting Point of Petroleum
6.1 Thermometer, having the following range and conform-
Wax, Including Petrolatum
ing to the requirements prescribed in Specification E1 or in the
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
specifications for IP Standard Thermometers:
Thermometer Number
3. Terminology
Temperature Range ASTM IP
3.1 Definitions:
20 to 100°C 54C 18C
68 to 213°F 54F 18F
3.1.1 congealing point, n— of petroleum wax, that tempera-
6.2 Erlenmeyer Flask, 125-mL, glass, to serve as a ther-
ture at which molten petroleum wax, when allowed to cool
mometer jacket.
under prescribed conditions, ceases to flow.
6.3 Cork or Rubber Stopper, for attaching the thermometer
to the Erlenmeyer flask.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
7. Procedure
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.10.0A on Physical/Chemical Properties.
7.1 Adjust the thermometer through the stopper so that the
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally
bottomofthebulbwillbe10to15mmabovethebottomofthe
approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D938–04. DOI:
10.1520/D0938-05.
Erlenmeyer flask when the stopper is fitted snugly in the flask.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
After making this adjustment, remove the thermometer and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
stopper from the flask, being careful not to change the position
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. of the stopper relative to the thermometer stem.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D938 − 05
NOTE 3—Operators should periodically check themselves for compli-
7.2 Place approximately 50 g of sample, which is represen-
ance with this turning rate. The brief pause time is not to be included in
tative of the material under inspection, in a porcelain evapo-
the 2 to 3-s rotation time.
rating dish or other suitable container.
7.3 Place the empty Erlenmeyer flask (without the ther-
8. Report
mometer assembly) and the container holding the specimen in
8.1 Report the average of the multiple determinations as the
a temperature-controlled oven set at 99 6 3°C (210 6 5°F)
congealin
...

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