ASTM D2269-10(2020)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of White Mineral Oils by Ultraviolet Absorption
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of White Mineral Oils by Ultraviolet Absorption
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ultraviolet absorption of white mineral oils is used to determine their suitability for use in food, drug, and cosmetic applications.
5.2 The U.S. Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary specifications for mineral oil require the measurement of ultraviolet absorption.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the examination and evaluation of NF and USP grade white mineral oils.
1.2 This test method is not applicable to oils containing additives soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) that exhibit fluorescence or fluorescence quenching properties.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.1.1 – 7.1.3.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2269 − 10 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of White Mineral Oils by Ultraviolet Absorption
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2269; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the exami- 3.1 Definitions:
nationandevaluationofNFandUSPgradewhitemineraloils.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms and symbols relating to
absorption spectroscopy see Terminology E131. Terms of
1.2 This test method is not applicable to oils containing
particular significance are the following:
additives soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) that exhibit
3.1.2 radiant energy, n—energy transmitted as electromag-
fluorescence or fluorescence quenching properties.
netic waves.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.3 radiant power, P, n—the rate at which energy is
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
transported in a beam of radiant energy.
standard.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1 absorbance, A, n—the logarithm to the base 10 of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
reciprocal of the transmittance, T. In symbols:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
A 5log ~1/T!52log T
10 10
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
where T is the transmittance as defined in 3.2.5.
For specific warning statements, see 7.1.1 – 7.1.3.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 3.2.2 absorptivity, a, n—the absorbance divided by the
product of sample pathlength and concentration. In symbols:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
a 5A/bc
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
where A is the absorbance as defined in 3.2.1,bisthe
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
sample pathlength as defined in 3.2.4, and c is the concentra-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
tion as defined in 3.2.3.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.3 concentration, c, n—the quantity of sample expressed
2.1 ASTM Standards:
in grams per litre.
D1840Test Method for Naphthalene Hydrocarbons inAvia-
3.2.4 sample pathlength, b, n—the distance in centimetres,
tion Turbine Fuels by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
measuredinthedirectionofpropagationofthebeamofradiant
E131Terminology Relating to Molecular Spectroscopy
energy, between the surfaces of the specimen on which the
E275PracticeforDescribingandMeasuringPerformanceof
radiantenergyisincidentandthesurfaceofthespecimenfrom
Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
which it is emergent.
2.2 Other Standard:
3.2.5 transmittance, T, n—the ratio of the radiant power
U.S. Pharmacopeia USP XIII/National Formulary (NF
transmitted by the mineral oil extract in its cell to the radiant
XVIII)
power transmitted by the solvent control in its cell. Expressed
by:
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
T 5P /P
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
e c
Subcommittee D02.04.0F on Absorption Spectroscopic Methods.
where P is the radiant power transmitted by the mineral
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2020. Published November 2020. Originally e
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D2269–10 (2015).
oil extract and P is the radiant power transmitted by the
c
DOI: 10.1520/D2269-10R20.
solvent control.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 4. Summary of Test Method
the ASTM website.
4.1 Asampleofoilisextractedwithdimethylsulfoxideand
Available from The United States Pharmacopeia (USP), 12601 Twinbrook
Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852. the ultraviolet absorbance of the extract is determined in the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2269 − 10 (2020)
NOTE 3—This solvent can be purified by percolation through a 1.2m
range from 260nm to 350nm. The absorbance is compared
column of type CAL 1.68mm by 0.420mm (12mesh by 40mesh)
with that of a naphthalene standard.
activated charcoal. The column is 25mm in diameter, drawn to 6.4mm
in diameter at the bottom and has a reservoir at the top for containing the
5. Significance and Use
liquid.Glasswoolisplacedinthebottomofthecolumn,andabout13mm
5.1 The ultraviolet absorption of white mineral oils is used of 0.707 to 0.074 (25 to 200 mesh) or 0.0149 to 0.074 (100 to 200 mesh)
silicagelisplacedontopofit.Thecolumnisfilledwithactivatedcharcoal
to determine their suitability for use in food, drug, and
and the spectroscopic solvent poured into the reservoir and allowed to
cosmetic applications.
percolate through the charcoal at atmospheric pressure. The purified
5.2 The U.S. Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary solvent is collected at the bottom of the column and stored in glass-
stoppered bottles as it is very hygroscopic and reacts with some metal
specifications for mineral oil require the measurement of
containers in the presence of air.
ultraviolet absorption.
7.2 Naphthalene—high-purity, 99+%.
6. Apparatus
7.3 Standard Reference Solution—A solution containing
6.1 Spectrophotometer,equippedtohandleliquidsamplesin
7.0mg of naphthalene per litre of purified isooctane.
1cm path length cells. The instrument shall be capable of
7.4 Standard Reference Spectrum—The absorbance curve
measuring absorbance with a repeatability of 61.0% or better
obtained by scanning the standard reference solution in the
from an average at the 0.4 absorbance level in the spectral
range from 260nm to 350nm against isooctane of the same
regionnear290nmwithanominalbandwidthof1nmorless.
spectral purity as that used to prepare the standard (7.1.2).
NOTE 1—For recommended methods of testing spectrophotometers to
7.5 Standard Reference Absorbance—The absorbance at
be used in this test method refer to Practice E275.
275nm of the standard reference spectrum.
6.2 Fused Quartz Cells,two,havingpathlengthsof1.00cm
NOTE 4—This absorbance will be approximately 0.30.
6 0.005cm, or better. The distance in centimetres does not
include the thickness of the cell in which the sample is
8. Procedure
contained.
8.1 Transfer 25mLof the mineral oil and 25mLof hexane
6.3 Separatory Funnels, glass-stoppered, of sufficient ca-
to a separatory funnel and mix. Add 5.0mL of dimethyl
pacity to perform the necessary extractions in the procedure,
sulfoxide and sha
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