ASTM D7279-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by Automated Houillon Viscometer
Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by Automated Houillon Viscometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Many petroleum products and some non-petroleum products are used as lubricants in the equipment, and the correct operation of the equipment depends upon the appropriate viscosity of the lubricant being used. Additionally, the viscosity of many petroleum fuels is important for the estimation of optimum storage, handling, and operational conditions. Thus, the accurate determination of viscosity is essential to many product specifications.
4.2 The viscosity of used oils is a commonly determined parameter in the oil industry to assess the effect of engine wear on the lube oils used, as well as the degradation of the engine parts during operation.
4.3 The Houillon viscometer tube method offers automated determination of kinematic viscosity. Typically a sample volume of less than 1 mL is required for the analysis.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids; such as base oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, biodiesel blends, residual fuel oils, marine fuels, and used lubricating oils using a Houillon viscometer in automated mode.
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being measured by this test method is from 2 mm2/s to 2500 mm2/s (see Fig. 1). The range is dependent on the tube constant utilized. The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of achieving is between 20 °C and 150 °C, inclusive. However, the precision has only been determined for the viscosity range; 2 mm2/s to 478 mm2/s at 40 °C for base oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends; 3 mm2/s to 106 mm2/s at 100 °C for base oils and formulated oils; 25 mm2/s to 150 mm2/s at 40 °C and 5 mm2/s to 16 mm2/s at 100 °C for used lubricating oils; 25 mm2/s to 2500 mm2/s at 50 °C and 6 mm2/s to 110 mm2/s at 100 °C for residual fuels. As indicated for the materials listed in the precision section.
Note 1: Viscosity range of a Houillon tube is based on most practical flow time of 30 s to 200 s.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6.
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Designation: D7279 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by
1
Automated Houillon Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kine-
ity)
matic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids; such as base
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers
oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, biodiesel blends,
and Viscosity Oil Standards
residual fuel oils, marine fuels, and used lubricating oils using
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
a Houillon viscometer in automated mode.
Petroleum Products
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
2 2
measured by this test method is from 2 mm /s to 2500 mm /s
Petroleum Products
(see Fig. 1). The range is dependent on the tube constant
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
utilized.The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
achieving is between 20 °C and 150 °C, inclusive. However,
Measurement System Performance
the precision has only been determined for the viscosity range;
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
2 2
2mm /s to 478 mm /s at 40 °C for base oils, formulated oils,
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
2
diesel oil, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends; 3 mm /s to
Lubricants
2
106 mm /s at 100 °C for base oils and formulated oils;
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
2 2 2 2
25 mm /s to 150 mm /s at 40 °C and 5 mm /s to 16 mm /s at
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
2 2
100 °C for used lubricating oils; 25 mm /s to 2500 mm /s at
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
2 2
50 °C and 6 mm /s to 110 mm /s at 100 °C for residual fuels.
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products
As indicated for the materials listed in the precision section.
and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as E1137 SpecificationforIndustrialPlatinumResistanceTher-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this mometers
standard. 2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 5725 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measure-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3
ment Methods and Results
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ISO/EC17025 GeneralRequirementsfortheCompetenceof
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3
Testing and Calibration Laboratories
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2.3 NIST Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and
warning statements, see Section 6.
Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Re-
4
sults
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The kinematic viscosity is determined by measuring the
time taken for a sample to fill a calibrated volume at a given
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
temperature.Thespecimenisintroducedintotheapparatusand
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
thenflowsintotheviscometertubewhichisequippedwithtwo
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
detection cells. The specimen reaches the test temperature of
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2016.PublishedJuly2016.Originallyapproved
in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7279 – 14a. DOI: 10.1520/
D7279-16.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
the ASTM website. Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7279 − 16
NOTE 1—Viscosity range of
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7279 − 14a D7279 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by
1
Automated Houillon Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids; such as base oils,
formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, biodiesel blends, residual fuel oils, marine fuels, and used lubricating oils using a Houillon
viscometer in automated mode.
2 2
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being measured by this test method is from 2 mm /s to 1500 mm2500 mm /s
(see Fig. 1). The range is dependent on the tube constant utilized. The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of achieving
2
is between 20 °C and 150 °C, inclusive. However, the precision has only been determined for the viscosity range; 2 mm /s to
2 2 2
478 mm /s at 40 °C for base oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends; 3 mm /s to 106 mm /s at 100 °C for
2 2 2 2
base oils and formulated oils; 25 mm /s to 150 mm /s at 40 °C and 5 mm /s to 16 mm /s at 100 °C for used lubricating oils. oils;
2 2 2 2
25 mm /s to 2500 mm /s at 50 °C and 6 mm /s to 110 mm /s at 100 °C for residual fuels. As indicated for the materials listed in
the precision section.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
E1137 Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
2.2 ISO Standards:
3
ISO 5725 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results
3
ISO/EC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
2.3 NIST Standard:
4
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014June 1, 2016. Published November 2014July 2016. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as
D7279 – 14.D7279 – 14a. DOI: 10.1520/D7279-14A.10.1520/D7279-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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