ASTM D7279-20

Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by Automated Houillon Viscometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many petroleum products and some non-petroleum products are used as lubricants in the equipment, and the correct operation of the equipment depends upon the appropriate viscosity of the lubricant being used. Additionally, the viscosity of many petroleum fuels is important for the estimation of optimum storage, handling, and operational conditions. Thus, the accurate determination of viscosity is essential to many product specifications.  
5.2 The viscosity of used oils is a commonly determined parameter in the oil industry to assess the effect of engine wear on the lube oils used, as well as the degradation of the engine parts during operation.  
5.3 The Houillon viscometer tube method offers automated determination of kinematic viscosity. Typically a sample volume of less than 1 mL is required for the analysis.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids; such as base oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, biodiesel blends, residual fuel oils, marine fuels, and used lubricating oils using a Houillon viscometer in automated mode.  
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being measured by this test method is from 2 mm2/s to 2500 mm2/s (see Fig. 1). The range is dependent on the tube constant utilized. The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of achieving is between 20 °C and 150 °C, inclusive. However, the precision has only been determined for the viscosity range; 2 mm2/s to 478 mm2/s at 40 °C for base oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends; 3 mm2/s to 106 mm2/s at 100 °C for base oils and formulated oils; 25 mm2/s to 150 mm2/s at 40 °C and 5 mm2/s to 16 mm2/s at 100 °C for used lubricating oils; 25 mm2/s to 2500 mm2/s at 50 °C and 6 mm2/s to 110 mm2/s at 100 °C for residual fuels. As indicated for the materials listed in the precision section.  
FIG. 1 Houillon Viscometer Typical Viscosity Range of Tube Constants  
Note 1: Viscosity range of a Houillon tube is based on most practical flow time of 30 s to 200 s.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2020
• ICS: 17.060 - Measurement of volume, mass, density, viscosity
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.07 - Flow Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7279 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by
1
Automated Houillon Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kine-
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
matic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids; such as base
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, biodiesel blends,
ity)
residual fuel oils, marine fuels, and used lubricating oils using
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers
a Houillon viscometer in automated mode.
and Viscosity Oil Standards
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
2 2
measured by this test method is from 2 mm /s to 2500 mm /s
Petroleum Products
(see Fig. 1). The range is dependent on the tube constant
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
utilized.The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of
Petroleum Products
achieving is between 20 °C and 150 °C, inclusive. However,
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
the precision has only been determined for the viscosity range;
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
2 2
2mm /s to 478 mm /s at 40 °C for base oils, formulated oils,
Measurement System Performance
2
diesel oil, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends; 3 mm /s to
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
2
106 mm /s at 100 °C for base oils and formulated oils;
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products,
2 2 2 2
25 mm /s to 150 mm /s at 40 °C and 5 mm /s to 16 mm /s at
Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
2 2
100 °C for used lubricating oils; 25 mm /s to 2500 mm /s at
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
2 2
50 °C and 6 mm /s to 110 mm /s at 100 °C for residual fuels.
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
As indicated for the materials listed in the precision section.
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petro-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
leum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing
standard.
Laboratories
D7962 Practice for Determination of Minimum Immersion
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Depth and Assessment of Temperature Sensor Measure-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ment Drift
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D8278 Specification for Digital Contact Thermometers for
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Test Methods Measuring Flow Properties of Fuels and
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Lubricants
For specific warning statements, see Section 7.
E563 Practice for Preparation and Use of an Ice-Point Bath
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
as a Reference Temperature
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
E1750 Guide for Use of Water Triple Point Cells
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
2.2 ISO Standards:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical ISO 5725 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measure-
3
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ment Methods and Results
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2020. Published November 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
ɛ1 3
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D7279 – 18 . DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D7279-20. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International,
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D7279 − 18 D7279 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by
1
Automated Houillon Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially corrected Eq 1 in December 2019.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids; such as base oils,
formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, biodiesel blends, residual fuel oils, marine fuels, and used lubricating oils using a Houillon
viscometer in automated mode.
2 2
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being measured by this test method is from 2 mm /s to 2500 mm /s (see Fig. 1).
The range is dependent on the tube constant utilized. The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of achieving is between
2 2
20 °C and 150 °C, inclusive. However, the precision has only been determined for the viscosity range; 2 mm /s to 478 mm /s at
2 2
40 °C for base oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends; 3 mm /s to 106 mm /s at 100 °C for base oils and
2 2 2 2 2
formulated oils; 25 mm /s to 150 mm /s at 40 °C and 5 mm /s to 16 mm /s at 100 °C for used lubricating oils; 25 mm /s to
2 2 2
2500 mm /s at 50 °C and 6 mm /s to 110 mm /s at 100 °C for residual fuels. As indicated for the materials listed in the precision
section.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 67.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved June 1, 2018Nov. 1, 2020. Published July 2018November 2020. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20162018 as
ɛ1
D7279 – 16.D7279 – 18 . DOI: 10.1520/D7279-18E01.10.1520/D7279-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7279 − 20
NOTE 1—Viscosity range of a Houillon tube is based on most practical flow time of 30 s to 200 s.
FIG. 1 Houillon Viscometer Typical Viscosity Range of Tube Constants
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and
Lubricants
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
D7962 Practice for Determination of Minimum
...