ASTM D1554-01(2005)
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
Standard Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
General Information
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Designation:D1554–01 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1554; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The terms included in this terminology are intended to apply to a family of lignocellulosic panel
materials specially manufactured for use industrially as components (core, facing, or panels) of
furniture, cabinets, and the like, and in building construction as siding, sheathing, partitions, door
cores and paneling, acoustical treatments, and as structural components there and elsewhere where the
combination of thickness, panel size, and properties satisfy a particular need. The usual alternative
materials to these wood-base panel materials are wood in the form of lumber and plywood, plastics,
inorganic fiber cement boards, and gypsum board.
The terms used and defined herein differ slightly from some practice. Modifications appeared to be
desirable to clarify the nomenclature since confusion exists because of the similarity of some existing
terms with those for other materials.The use of the terms herein will do much to standardize the terms
pertaining to cellulosic fiberboard, hardboard, and particleboard, the principal materials included. The
board or panel materials included are those derived from wood and the woody tissue of such plants
as bagasse, flax, and straw. They fall into two general groups: (1) those manufactured from
lignocellulosic fibers and fiber bundles where in manufacture the interfelting of the fibers and a natural
bond are characteristics, and (2) those boards manufactured from a wide range in size and shape of
particles ranging from fine elements approaching fibers in size to large flakes which are blended with
synthetic resin adhesive and consolidated into boards characterized by the resin bond and usually
known as resin-bonded particleboards or more commonly as particleboards.
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GENERAL DEFINITIONS lb/ft ) and 1000 kg/m (62 lb/ft ), based on a reported
moisture content at the time of weight and volume measure-
fibrous-felted boards—a felted wood-base panel material
ments.
manufactured of refined or partly refined lignocellulosic
particleboards—a generic term for a composite panel prima-
fibers characterized by an integral bond produced by an
rily composed of cellulosic materials, generally in the form
interfelting of fibers and in the case of certain densities and
of discrete pieces or particles, as distinguished from fibers,
control of conditions of manufacture by ligneous bond, and
bonded together with a bonding system, and that may
to which other materials may have been added during
contain additives.
manufacture to improve certain properties.
wood-base fiber and particle panel materials—a generic
medium-density fiberboard (MDF)—a composite panel
term applied to a group of board materials manufactured
product composed primarily of cellulosic fibers in which the
from wood or other lignocellulosic fibers or particles to
primary source of physical integrity is provided through
which binding agents and other materials may be added
addition of a bonding system cured under heat and pressure.
during manufacture to obtain or improve certain properties.
Additives may be introduced during the manufacturing
Composed of two broad types, fibrous-felted and particle-
process to improve certain properties. MDF density at the
boards.
time of manufacturing, is typically between 500 kg/m (31
wood-cement board—a panel material where wood usually in
the form of excelsior is bonded with inorganic cement.
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
CLASSIFICATION OF FIBROUS-FELTED BOARDS
and is the responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally
´1
cellulosic fiberboard—a generic term for a homogeneous
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D1554 – 01 . DOI:
10.1520/D1554-01R05. panel made from lignocellulosic fibers (usually wood or
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D1554–01 (2005)
cane) characterized by an integral bond produced by inter- flat-platen pressed—a method of consolidating and hot press-
felting of the fibers, to which other materials may have been ing a panel product in which the applied pressure is
added during manufacture to improve certain properties, but perpendicular to the faces.
which has not been consolidated under heat and pressure as flake—a small wood particle of predetermined thickness
a separate stage in manufacture, said board having a density
specifically produced as a primary function of specialized
of less than 31 lb/ft (specific gravity 0.50) but having a equipment of various types, with the cutting action across
density of more than 10 lb/ft (specific gravity 0.16).
the direction of the grain (either radially, tangentially, or at
hardboard—a generic term for a panel manufactured prima- an angle between), the action being such as to produce a
rily from inter-felted lignocellulosic fibers (usually wood),
particle of uniform thickness, essentially plane of the flakes,
consolidated under heat and pressure in a hot-press to a in over-all character resembling a small piece of veneer.
density of 31 lb/ft (specific gravity 0.50) or greater, and to
heat-treating—the process of subjecting a wood-base panel
which other materials may have been added during manu-
material (usually hardboard) to a special heat treatment after
facture to improve certain properties.
hot pressing to increase some strength properties and water
medium-density hardboard—a hardboard as previously de-
resistance.
fined with a density between 31 and 50 lb/ft (specific
hot-pressing—process for increasing the density of a wet-
gravity between 0.50 and 0.80).
felted or air-felted mat of fibers or particles by pressing the
high-density hardboard—a hardboard as previously defined
dried, damp, or wet mat between platens of hot-press to
with a density greater than 50 lb/ft (specific gravity 0.80).
compact and set the structure by simultaneous application of
heat and pressure.
CLASSIFICATION OF PARTICLEBOARDS
particle—the aggregate component of a particle board manu-
low-density particleboard—a particleboard as previously de-
factured by mechanical means from wood or other lignocel-
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fined with a density of less than 640 kg/m (40 lb/ft ) based lulosic material (comparable to the aggregate in concrete)
on a reported moisture content at the time of weight and
includingallsmallsubdivisionsofwoodsuchaschips,curls,
volume measurements. flakes, sawdust, shavings, slivers, strands, wood flour, and
medium-density particleboard—a particleboard as previ-
wood wool. Particle size may be measured by the screen
ously defined with a density between 640 – 800 kg/m (40 – mesh that permits passage of the particles and another screen
50 lb/ft ) based on a reported moisture content at the time of upon which they are retained, or by the measured dimen-
weight and volume measurements. sions as for flakes and strands.
high-density particleboard—a particleboard as previously
sawdust—wood particles resulting from the cutting and break-
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defined with a density greater than 800 kg/m (50 lb/ft )
ing action of saw teeth.
based on a reported moisture content at the time of weight
shaving—a small wood particle of indefinite dimensions
and volume measurements.
developed incidental to certain woodworking operations
involving rotary cutterheads usually turning in the direction
NOTE 1—It is the industry practice to measure density of particleboards
of the grain; and because of this cutting action, producing a
on the basis of moisture content and volume at time of test.
thin chip of varying thickness, usually feathered along at
TERMS RELATING TO WOOD-BASE FIBER AND least one edge and thick at another and usually curled.
PARTICLE PANEL MATERIALS
sizing agent—asphalt, r
...
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