ASTM C134-95(1999)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements, and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating Firebrick
Standard Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements, and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating Firebrick
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for measuring size, dimensional measurement, bulk density, warpage, and squareness of rectangular dense refractory brick and rectangular insulating firebrick. More precise determination of bulk density of refractory brick can be made by Test Methods C20. Stack height is generally determined only for dense refractories.
Note 1--Test Methods C830 and C914 are also used to determine bulk density of refractory brick, by different procedures.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order: SectionsSize and Bulk Density 4 through 7 Warpage of Refractory Brick8 through 10 Squareness of Refractory Brick11 through 14
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are provided as information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C 134–95 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Methods for
Size, Dimensional Measurements, and Bulk Density of
Refractory Brick and Insulating Firebrick
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 134; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C 914 Test Method for Bulk Density and Volume of Solid
Refractories by Wax Immersion
1.1 Thesetestmethodscoverproceduresformeasuringsize,
dimensional measurement, bulk density, warpage, and square-
3. Significance and Use
ness of rectangular dense refractory brick and rectangular
3.1 Refractory brick are used as modular units in furnace
insulatingfirebrick.Moreprecisedeterminationofbulkdensity
construction and should not deviate significantly from the
of refractory brick can be made by Test Methods C 20. Stack
intended configuration with respect to size, bulk density, flat
height is generally determined only for dense refractories.
surfaces, and right angles. These test methods are particularly
NOTE 1—Test Methods C 830 and C 914 are also used to determine
suited for use under field conditions and provide a means to
bulk density of refractory brick, by different procedures.
determinewhetherthebrickmeetstherequirementsconsidered
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
necessary to assure a satisfactory refractory construction.
Sections
Size and Bulk Density 4 through 7 SIZE AND BULK DENSITY
Warpage of Refractory Brick 8 through 10
Squareness of Refractory Brick 11 through 14
4. Apparatus
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1 Rule, steel, hook, 12 in. (305 mm) in length, graduated
as standard. The values in parentheses are provided as infor- in 0.02-in. (0.5-mm) divisions, for use in measuring individual
mation only.
brick. The rule has a rigid hardened steel hook consisting of a
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the right-angled piece on one end to fix the zero point of the scale
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
against one face of the brick. The hook is about ⁄4 in. (6 mm)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
in width and extends about ⁄4 in. beyond the back face or,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- preferably, the edge of the rule.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 Rule, stiff steel, hook, 36 in. (914 mm) in length,
graduatedfromeachendin0.02-in.(0.5-mm)divisions,foruse
2. Referenced Documents
in measuring stack height and the larger individual brick. The
2.1 ASTM Standards:
36-in. rule has the same design as the 12-in (305-mm) rule.
C 20 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Water Absorp-
NOTE 2—Check the hook rules periodically to determine that they have
tion, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of
not become worn or distorted in use. Other measuring equipment may be
Burned Refractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water
used, provided the results are at least as accurate as those obtained with
C 830 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Liquid Absorp-
the hook rule.
tion, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of
4.3 Weighing Scale, having a capacity of 20 lb (9 kg) or
Refractory Shapes by Vacuum Pressure
more and a sensitivity under load of at least 0.01 lb (4.5 g).
5. Sampling
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
5.1 A sample consists of ten brick selected at random.
Refractories and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.03 on Physical
Tests and Properties.
5.2 Preparation of Specimens—Remove any blisters or fins
Current edition approved May 15, 1995. Published July 1995. Originally
from the specimens by lightly rubbing them together. Omit this
published as C 134 – 38. Last previous edition C 134 – 94.
step in the case of insulating firebrick.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
C 134–95 (1999)
6. Procedure from a line 0.5 in. from one end to zero thickness at the other
end. The wedge shall be graduated and numbered along the
6.1 Length and Width—Measure the length and width of
slope to show the thickness of the wedge between base AB and
eachofthetenspecimensacrossthemiddleofeachofthefaces
slope AC in 0.02-in. (0.5-mm) divisions (Fig. 1).
of largest area to the nearest 0.02 in. (0.5 mm). Make and
8.2.1 Similar Wedges, of equivalent size and slope (that is,
record the individual measurements of the two opposite faces
rising 1 mm vertically for each 4 mm horizontally), and
of each specimen.
graduated along the slope to show the thickness of the wedge
6.2 Thickness—Determine the thickness of insulating fire-
between base AB and the slope AC in SI units may be
brick and record in the same manner as the length and width,
employed in conjunction with a straightedge calibrated in SI
as indicated in 6.1. Make the thickness measurements at the
units.
centersofthelongersidesofthebrick.Determinethethickness
of dense refractory brick in the same manner or, when required
9. Procedure
by specification, calculate the average thickness from the stack
9.1 Measuring a Concave Surface:
height determined as in 6.3.
9.1.1 Measure and record the length of the diagonal of a
6.3 Stack Height—Stack the ten specimens vertically on a
concave surface to the nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm) with the
plane surface with their faces of largest area together to form a
graduated straightedge. Place the straightedge across the di-
smooth column, without regard to the position of any brand
agonal. Insert the wedge (Fig. 2) at the point of maximum
marks on the specimens. Measure the height of the stack to the
warpage, and record the maximum obtainable reading to the
nearest 0.02 in. (0.5 mm) from the plane surface to the top of
nearest 0.02 in. (0.5 mm).
the stack at the center of each side. Record the individual
9.1.2 Repeat the procedure in 9.1.1 for the other diagonal.
measurements of the four sides of the stack.
9.2 Measuring a Convex Surface:
6.4 Weight—Dry at 230°F (110°C), cool, and weigh each of
9.2.1 Measure and record the length of the diagonal of a
the specimens to the nearest 0.01 lb (4.5 g), and record the
convex surface to the nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm) with a caliper or
weight.
hookrule.Placethestraightedgeacrossthediagonal,andinsert
one wedge at each end of the straightedge (Fig. 3). Adjust the
7. Calculation and Report
wedges so that equal readings are obtained on each, making
7.1 Size—Report the individual measurements and the cal-
certain that the straightedge is in contact with the brick surface
culated average for the two individual measurements for
at the point of maximum convexity. Record the reading to the
length, width, and thickness for each specimen.
nearest 0.02 in. (0.5 mm).
7.2 Stack Height and Average Thickness— Report the
9.2.2 Repeat the procedure in 9.2.1 for the other diagonal.
individual measurements and the calculated stack height as the
9.2.3 Alternatively, set the shape on its convex surface, on a
average of the individual measurements of the four sides of the
plane surface, and insert one wedge at each end of a diagonal
stack if required. Report “average thicknes
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