ASTM D2162-06
(Test Method)Standard Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
Standard Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Because there are surface tension or kinematic viscosity differences, or both, between the primary standard (7.4) and kinematic viscosity standards (7.5), special procedures using master viscometers are required to “step-up” from the kinematic viscosity of the primary standard to the kinematic viscosities of oil standards.
Using master viscometers calibrated according to this practice, an operator can calibrate kinematic viscometers in accordance with Specifications D 446.
Using viscosity oil standards established in this practice, an operator can calibrate kinematic viscometers in accordance with Specifications D 446.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the calibration of master viscometers and viscosity oil standards, both of which may be used to calibrate routine viscometers as described in Test Method D 445 and Specifications D 446 over the temperature range from 15 to 100°C.
1.2 The calibration constants in mm2/s 2 are to be regarded as the standard. The kinematic viscosities in mm 2/s are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D2162 − 06
StandardPractice for
Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil
1
Standards
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2162; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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1. Scope* 2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 3666Viscosity of Water
1.1 This practice covers the calibration of master viscom-
eters and viscosity oil standards, both of which may be used to
3. Terminology
calibrate routine viscometers as described in Test Method
D445andSpecificationsD446overthetemperaturerangefrom 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
15 to 100°C. 3.1.1 basic calibration, n—calibration based on the primary
2 2 standard, water.
1.2 The calibration constants in mm /s are to be regarded
2 3.1.1.1 Discussion—Purewaterhasakinematicviscosityof
as the standard. The kinematic viscosities in mm /s are to be
2
1.0034 mm /s (cSt) at 20°C. See ISO 3666.
regarded as the standard.
3.1.2 master viscometer, n—glass capillary viscometer with
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
a liquid driving head of at least 400mm.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2.1 Discussion—It is specially designed to minimize
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
errors due to surface tension, kinetic energy, and capillary end
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
effects.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
3.1.3 viscosity oil standard, n—stableNewtonianliquid,the
warning statements, see Section 7.
kinematic viscosity of which has been related to the kinematic
viscosity of water through the step-up procedure described in
2. Referenced Documents
this practice.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
4. Summary of Practice
andOpaqueLiquids(andCalculationofDynamicViscos-
4.1 Two or more master viscometers, having calibration
ity)
2 2
constants in the 0.001 to 0.003-mm /s (cSt/s) range, are
D446Specifications and Operating Instructions for Glass
calibratedwithwaterat20°C.Thekinematicviscositiesoftwo
Capillary Kinematic Viscometers
ormoreoilstandardsaremeasuredat40°Cinthesetwomaster
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
viscometers. Corrections are made for buoyancy and, where
D1250Guide for Use of the Petroleum MeasurementTables
necessary, for temperature and surface tension.
D1480Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
cific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Bingham Pycnom-
4.2 Athirdmasterviscometer,withacalibrationconstantof
2 2
eter
0.003 to 0.009 mm /s (cSt/s), is then calibrated at 40°C with
D1590Test Method for Surface Tension of Water
the two standard oils and its calibration factor calculated at
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
standard conditions for water at 20°C. In like manner addi-
tionalviscosityoilstandardsandadditionalmasterviscometers
are calibrated at 40°C using the average results from at least
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This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum two master viscometers or two oil standards. Steps between
ProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD02.07on
successive calibration constants or viscosities increase by a
Flow Properties.
factor of three or less until the desired viscosity range is
Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originally
covered.
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D2162–99(2004).
DOI: 10.1520/D2162-06.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D2162 − 06
FIG. 1 Cannon Master Viscometer
4.3 Oils are calibrated at other temperatures using the 5.3 Usingviscosityoilstandardsestablishedinthispractice,
average result from at least two master viscometers. an operator can calibrate kinematic viscometers in accordance
with Specifications D446.
5. Significance and Use
6. Apparatus
5.1 Because there are surface tension or kinematic viscosity
4 5
6.1 Master Viscometers: Cannon or Ubbelohde
...
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