ASTM E32-15

Standard Practices for Sampling Ferroalloys and Steel Additives for Determination of Chemical Composition

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These practices for the sampling of ferroalloys and steel additives are primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use these methods will be trained samplers capable of performing common sampling procedures skillfully and safely.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices include procedures for the sampling of the various ferroalloys and steel additives, either before or after shipment from the plants of the manufacturers. They are designed to give results representative of each lot that will be comparable with the manufacturer's guaranteed analysis for the same lot. For check analysis, the purchaser may use any sampling procedure he desires, but the analytical results obtained on such samples shall not be a basis for complaint or rejection, unless the procedure followed is of an accuracy equivalent to that prescribed in these methods.  
1.2 In sampling ferroalloys and steel additives, serious errors often occur from contamination of the samples by iron from the sampling appliances. Therefore, special precautions should be observed to avoid this source of error. Metallic iron may be removed with a magnet from nonmagnetic alloys; its estimation in other alloys requires special analytical procedures (Note 1). To avoid this error, parts of crushers and pulverizing equipment contacting the samples shall be of steel or other material showing a high resistance to abrasion of the type involved.  
Note 1: Metallic iron in ferrochromium and ferrosilicon may be determined as follows: Transfer 5 g of the sample of alloy to a 150-mL beaker, add 25 mL of HNO3  (1 + 3), cover, boil 5 min, filter into a 250-mL beaker, and wash with hot water. Add NH4OH in slight excess, heat to boiling, filter, and wash with hot water. Dissolve the precipitate on the paper with a minimum quantity of hot HCl (1 + 2), wash the filter with hot water, and titrate the iron by a standard procedure such as that described in Test Method E354.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound values in parenthesis are given for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2015
• ICS: 77.040.30 - Chemical analysis of metals
• ICS: 77.100 - Ferroalloys
• Technical Committee: E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Drafting Committee: E01.01 - Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E32 − 15
Standard Practices for
Sampling Ferroalloys and Steel Additives for Determination
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of Chemical Composition
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E32; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 These practices include procedures for the sampling of
thevariousferroalloysandsteeladditives,eitherbeforeorafter
2. Referenced Documents
shipment from the plants of the manufacturers. They are
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
designed to give results representative of each lot that will be
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
comparable with the manufacturer’s guaranteed analysis for
Sieves
the same lot. For check analysis, the purchaser may use any
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
sampling procedure he desires, but the analytical results
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
obtained on such samples shall not be a basis for complaint or
E354 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-
rejection, unless the procedure followed is of an accuracy
Temperature,Electrical,Magnetic,andOtherSimilarIron,
equivalent to that prescribed in these methods.
Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys
1.2 In sampling ferroalloys and steel additives, serious
errors often occur from contamination of the samples by iron
3. Terminology
from the sampling appliances. Therefore, special precautions
3.1 For definitions of terms used in these practices, refer to
should be observed to avoid this source of error. Metallic iron
Terminology E135.
may be removed with a magnet from nonmagnetic alloys; its
estimationinotheralloysrequiresspecialanalyticalprocedures
4. Significance and Use
(Note 1). To avoid this error, parts of crushers and pulverizing
4.1 These practices for the sampling of ferroalloys and steel
equipment contacting the samples shall be of steel or other
additives are primarily intended to test such materials for
material showing a high resistance to abrasion of the type
compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed
involved.
that all who use these methods will be trained samplers capable
NOTE 1—Metallic iron in ferrochromium and ferrosilicon may be
of performing common sampling procedures skillfully and
determined as follows: Transfer5gofthe sample of alloy to a 150-mL
safely.
beaker,add25mLofHNO (1 + 3),cover,boil5min,filterintoa250-mL
3
beaker, and wash with hot water. Add NH OH in slight excess, heat to
4
5. Apparatus for Preparing Samples
boiling, filter, and wash with hot water. Dissolve the precipitate on the
paper with a minimum quantity of hot HCl (1 + 2), wash the filter with hot
5.1 The following equipment is required for the preparation
water, and titrate the iron by a standard procedure such as that described
of analytical samples of ferroalloys:
in Test Method E354.
5.1.1 Crusher—A strongly built jaw crusher capable of
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
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rapidly crushing 100-mm (4-in.) lumps to sizes 6.4 mm ( ⁄4 in.)
standard. The inch-pound values in parenthesis are given for
and smaller shall be used. The crushing plates of this machine
information only.
shall be made of a hard and abrasion-resistant steel, such as
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
manganesesteeloraproperlyhardenedalloyorhypereutectoid
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
carbon steel.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1.2 Roll Crusher—A roll crusher, the rolls of which are
fitted with tires of hardened and tempered chromium steel to
avoid iron contamination of the sample, shall be used to reduce
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These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and are the direct
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responsibility of Subcommittee E01.01 on Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2015. Published February 2016. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
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approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E32 – 86 (2006) . Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/E0032-15. the ASTM website.
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E32−15
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the 6.4-mm ( ⁄4-in.) pieces to a particle size that
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