ASTM D7865-13(2021)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Identification, Packaging, Handling, Storage, and Deployment of Fabricated Geomembrane Panels
Standard Guide for Identification, Packaging, Handling, Storage, and Deployment of Fabricated Geomembrane Panels
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 For a fabricated panel to be properly used, it must be adequately identified and packaged. It must be handled and stored in such a way that its physical property values are not degraded. Failure to follow good practice may result in the unnecessary failure of the fabricated panel in a properly designed application.
4.2 This guide is not intended to replace project-specific storage, handling, identification, packaging, or installation requirements or quality assurance programs.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers guidelines for the identification, packaging, handling, storage, and deployment of fabricated geomembrane panels. This guide is not to be considered as all encompassing since each project involving fabricated panels presents its own challenges and special conditions.
1.2 This guide is intended to aid fabricators, suppliers, purchasers, and users of fabricated panels in the identification, packaging, handling, storage, and deployment of fabricated geomembrane panels.
1.3 This guide is written for factory-fabricated geomembrane panels only. Other geosynthetics use Guide D4873/D4873M as their guide.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7865 −13 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Guide for
Identification, Packaging, Handling, Storage, and
Deployment of Fabricated Geomembrane Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7865; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope dling of Geosynthetic Rolls and Samples
1.1 This guide covers guidelines for the identification,
3. Terminology
packaging, handling, storage, and deployment of fabricated
geomembrane panels. This guide is not to be considered as all
3.1 Definitions:
encompassing since each project involving fabricated panels
3.1.1 Some with terms applying to this guide appear in
presents its own challenges and special conditions.
Terminology D4439.
3.1.2 accordion-folded and rolled panel, n—refers to an
1.2 This guide is intended to aid fabricators, suppliers,
accordion-folded fabricated panel that is first accordion-folded
purchasers, and users of fabricated panels in the identification,
to the desired width and then rolled to form a finished, rolled
packaging, handling, storage, and deployment of fabricated
bundle for transport.
geomembrane panels.
3.1.3 accordion-folded panel, n—referstoafabricatedpanel
1.3 This guide is written for factory-fabricated geomem-
where the material is folded back and forth in a “Z” formation
brane panels only. Other geosynthetics use Guide D4873/
in the same principal direction as the seams. This folding takes
D4873M as their guide.
a wider panel of material and makes it into a narrow stack. For
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
example, a 30 m by 30 m prefabricated panel could be
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
accordion-folded intoa3m wide stack of material ten layers
standard.
deep and 30 m long.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.4 double accordion-folded panel, n—refers to an
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
accordion-folded fabricated panel that is accordion-folded to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the desired width and then accordion-folded in the length
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
direction onto a pallet (or into a container). Double accordion-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
folded panels typically appear as a “cube” of material with
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
square corners.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 3.1.5 fabricated panel, n—refers to a geomembrane panel
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- seamed at a fabrication facility into a larger panel than the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical original roll stock material.Afabricated panel may be a larger
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. rectangular panel of geomembrane or may be a specific
fabricated shape or may contain special job-specific detail
2. Referenced Documents
work.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.6 rolled panel, n—refers to a fabricated panel that is
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
rolled from one end or in some cases from both ends to the
D4873/D4873M Guide for Identification, Storage, and Han-
middle.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1 3.2.1 fabricator, n—the person or organization by whom the
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomembranes. geomembrane material is fabricated into a fabricated panel.
Current edition approved July 1, 2021. Published July 2021. Originally approved
in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7865 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/
4. Significance and Use
D7865-13R21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1 For a fabricated panel to be properly used, it must be
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
adequately identified and packaged. It must be handled and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. stored in such a way that its physical property values are not
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7865 − 13 (2021)
degraded. Failure to follow good practice may result in the 5.2.2 An accordion-folded and rolled panel is wound onto a
unnecessary failure of the fabricated panel in a properly sturdy core suitable for the weight of the panel. Accordion-
designed application. folded and rolled panels are often placed on a pallet for
transport.
4.2 This guide is not intended to replace project-specific
5.2.3 For double accordion-folded panels, the narrow
storage, handling, identification, packaging, or installation
accordion-folded panel is folded once more lengthwise onto a
requirements or quality assurance programs.
sturdy pallet (or often into a cardboard container or crate). The
resulting package is typically rectangular. Double accordion-
5. Procedure
folded panels are often sized to fit into transport trucks.
5.1 Fabrication and Identification:
5.2.4 When a pallet is used to support the fabricated
5.1.1 Fabricated geomembrane panels are seamed to the
geomembrane panel, it should extend past the finished dimen-
customer-specified sizes according to previously agreed speci-
sions of the panel. One or two layers of geotextile,
fications. If a project layout is required then the fabricated
geomembrane, cardboard, or other suitable material should be
panel is prepared according to the project layout. Special
placed on the pallet to protect the finished panel from coming
fabricated panels such as shaped panels or panels with fittings
into direct contact with the pallet.
should be fabricated according to customer-approved draw-
5.2.5 Allpalletsandcratesshouldbeinspectedtomakesure
ings.
that there are no protruding fasteners that could damage the
5.1.2 All fabricated geomembrane panels should be
material. Pallets and crates should be in good condition.
uniquely identified with a number or other identification
5.2.6 Packaging for fabricated geomembrane panels should
markings.Theseidentificationmarkingsshouldclearlyidentify
be suitably weather resistant for the anticipated storage condi-
where the panel will be placed in any project layout.
tions. A common packaging is a wrap of a weather-resistant
5.1.3 Identify each fabricated geomembrane panel with a
material that protects the fabricated panel from UV dama
...
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