ASTM D1790-08

Standard Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastic Sheeting by Impact

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Data obtained by this test method have been used to predict the behavior of plastic sheeting at low temperatures only if the conditions of deformation are similar to those specified in this test method. This test method is useful for specification testing and for comparative purposes, but does not necessarily determine the lowest use temperature for a particular plastic.
It has been demonstrated that on calendered sheeting the brittleness temperature is sensitive to the direction of fold. It has also been demonstrated that the brittleness temperature is sensitive to the direction of sampling. Therefore, it is imperative that the procedure for taking specimens and folding be followed explicitly.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of that temperature at which plastic sheeting 1.00 mm (0.040 in.) or less in thickness exhibits a brittle failure under specified impact conditions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 1—This test method was developed jointly with the Society of the Plastics Industry, primarily for use with plasticized vinyl sheetings. Its applicability to other plastic sheetings must be verified by the user.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2—This test method and ISO 8570 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2008
• ICS: 83.140.10 - Films and sheets
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.30 - Thermal Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1790-02 - Standard Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastic Sheeting by Impact
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D5721-22 - Standard Practice for Air-Oven Aging of Polyolefin Geomembranes
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D1593-22 - Standard Specification for Nonrigid Vinyl Chloride Plastic Film and Sheeting
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM E1993/E1993M-98(2020) - Standard Specification for Bituminous Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with Soil or Granular Fill Under Concrete Slabs
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D8065/D8065M-16 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Specifying Plastic Films
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D746-20 - Standard Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastics and Elastomers by Impact
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D7832/D7832M-14(2021) - Standard Guide for Performance Attributes of Waterproofing Membranes Applied to Below-Grade Walls / Vertical Surfaces (Enclosing Interior Spaces)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D7176-22 - Standard Specification for Non-Reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Geomembranes Used in Buried Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1790 − 08
StandardTest Method for
1
Brittleness Temperature of Plastic Sheeting by Impact
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1790; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 8570 Plastics—Film and Sheeting—Determination of
1.1 This test method covers the determination of that
3
Cold-Crack Temperature
temperature at which plastic sheeting 1.00 mm (0.040 in.) or
lessinthicknessexhibitsabrittlefailureunderspecifiedimpact
3. Terminology
conditions.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.1 brittleness temperature, T —thattemperature,derived
b
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
statistically, where 80 % of the specimens would probably pass
only.
95 % of the time when a stated minimum number are tested by
this test method. The 80 %-passing value is determined by
NOTE1—ThistestmethodwasdevelopedjointlywiththeSocietyofthe
Plastics Industry, primarily for use with plasticized vinyl sheetings. Its
plotting the data on probability graph paper, as described in
applicability to other plastic sheetings must be verified by the user.
9.1.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety
3.1.2 General—Definitions of terms applying to this test
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
method appear in Terminology D883.
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
4. Significance and Use
limitations prior to use.
4.1 Data obtained by this test method have been used to
NOTE 2—This test method and ISO 8570 address the same subject predict the behavior of plastic sheeting at low temperatures
matter, but differ in technical content.
only if the conditions of deformation are similar to those
specified in this test method. This test method is useful for
2. Referenced Documents
specification testing and for comparative purposes, but does
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
not necessarily determine the lowest use temperature for a
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
particular plastic.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
4.2 It has been demonstrated that on calendered sheeting the
D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
brittleness temperature is sensitive to the direction of fold. It
Plastics Specimens
has also been demonstrated that the brittleness temperature is
D6988 Guide for Determination ofThickness of Plastic Film
sensitive to the direction of sampling. Therefore, it is impera-
Test Specimens
tive that the procedure for taking specimens and folding be
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
followed explicitly.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
5. Apparatus
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
5.1 Cold Conditioning Chamber, at least 450 by 450 by 450
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties.
mm (18 by 18 by 18 in.). Means (automatic or manual) shall be
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
provided for controlling the temperature of the chamber to
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1790 - 02. DOI:
10.1520/D1790-08. within 62°C of the desired value.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D1790 − 08
1
5.2 Impact Tester shown in Fig. 1 shall be constructed of card. These staples shall be 13-mm ( ⁄2 in.) from, and parallel
cold-rolled steel except for the bolts, screws, and rubber to, the 50-mm (2-in.) end of the stack.
stopper. It is recommended that all structural parts (that is,
6.4 Since it has been demonstrated that this test is sensitive
base, anvil, arm, arm supports, and shaft) be chromium plated
to the direction of fold on calendered sheeting, it is necessary
topreventcorrosion.Thearm,includingtherubberstopperand
to stipulate that all sp
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D1790–02 Designation:D1790–08
Standard Test Method for
1
Brittleness Temperature of Plastic Sheeting by Impact
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1790; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of that temperature at which plastic sheeting 1.00 mm (0.040 in.) or less in
thickness exhibits a brittle failure under specified impact conditions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
NOTE 1—This test method was developed jointly with the Society of the Plastics Industry, primarily for use with plasticized vinyl sheetings. Its
applicability to other plastic sheetings must be verified by the user.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 4.
NOTE2—This test method is similar to ISO 8570-1991 in title only. The technical content is significantly different. 2—This test method and ISO 8570
address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
2
D 883Terminology Relating to Plastics Terminology Relating to Plastics
D 5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens
D 6988 Guide for Determination of Thickness of Plastic Film Test Specimens
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 ISO Standard:
3
ISO8570-1991 ISO 8570 Plastics—Film and Sheeting—Determination of Cold-Crack Temperature
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 brittleness temperature, T — that temperature, derived statistically, where 80 % of the specimens would probably pass
b
95 % of the time when a stated minimum number are tested by this test method. The 80 %-passing value may beis determined by
plotting the data on probability graph paper, as described in 9.1.
3.1.2 General —Definitions of terms applying to this test method appear in Terminology D 883.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Data obtained by this test method may behave been used to predict the behavior of plastic sheeting at low temperatures only
if the conditions of deformation are similar to those specified in this test method.This test method is useful for specification testing
and for comparative purposes, but does not necessarily measuredetermine the lowest use temperature at which the plastic sheeting
may be used. for a particular plastic.
4.2 It has been demonstrated that on calendered sheeting the brittleness temperature is sensitive to the direction of fold. It has
also been demonstrated that the brittleness temperature is sensitive to the direction of sampling. Therefore, it is imperative that the
procedure for taking specimens and folding be followed explicitly.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties .
Current edition approved March 10, 2002. Published May 2002. Originally published as D1790–60 T. Last previous edition D1790–99.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 1790 - 02.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 08.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D1790–08
5. Apparatus
5.1 Cold Co
...