ASTM D2425-17

Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates by Mass Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A knowledge of the hydrocarbon composition of process streams and petroleum products boiling within the range of 400 °F to 650 °F (204 °C to 343 °C) is useful in following the effect of changes in process variables, diagnosing the source of plant upsets, and in evaluating the effect of changes in composition on product performance properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an analytical scheme using the mass spectrometer to determine the hydrocarbon types present in virgin middle distillates 204 °C to 343 °C (400 °F to 650 °F) boiling range, 5 % to 95 % by volume as determined by Test Method D86. Samples with average carbon number value of paraffins between C12 and C16 and containing paraffins from C10 and C18 can be analyzed. Eleven hydrocarbon types are determined. These include: paraffins, noncondensed cycloparaffins, condensed dicycloparaffins, condensed tricycloparaffins, alkylbenzenes, indans or tetralins, or both, CnH 2n-10 (indenes, etc.), naphthalenes, CnH2n-14  (acenaphthenes, etc.), CnH 2n-16 (acenaphthylenes, etc.), and tricyclic aromatics.  
Note 1: This test method was developed on Consolidated Electrodynamics Corporation Type 103 Mass Spectrometers.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific warning statement, see 10.1.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2017
• ICS: 75.080 - Petroleum products in general
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.04.0M - Mass Spectrometry

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2425-04(2009) - Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates by Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D6681-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine—Caterpillar 1P Test Procedure
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D8144-22 - Standard Test Method for Separation and Determination of Aromatics, Nonaromatics, and FAME Fractions in Middle Distillates by Solid-Phase Extraction and Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D6750-23 - Standard Test Methods for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine—1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D6618-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D6591-19 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates—High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method with Refractive Index Detection
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D8305-19 - Standard Test Method for The Determination of Total Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Total Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Aviation Turbine Fuels and other Kerosene Range Fuels by Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D7566-22a - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D8302-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Cycloparaffin Content in Saturated ATJ-SPK Jet Fuel Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM F715-07(2023) - Standard Test Methods for Coated Fabrics Used for Oil Spill Control and Storage
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D8276-19 - Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates, including Biodiesel Blends by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D4054-23 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuel Additives
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D5186-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Aromatic Content and Polynuclear Aromatic Content of Diesel Fuels By Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D2549-23 - Standard Test Method for Separation of Representative Aromatics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling Oils by Elution Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2425 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates by Mass
1
Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2425; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers an analytical scheme using the
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
mass spectrometer to determine the hydrocarbon types present
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
invirginmiddledistillates204°Cto343°C(400°Fto650°F)
D2549Test Method for Separation of Representative Aro-
boiling range, 5% to 95% by volume as determined by Test
matics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling Oils
Method D86. Samples with average carbon number value of
by Elution Chromatography
paraffins between C and C and containing paraffins from
12 16
C and C can be analyzed. Eleven hydrocarbon types are
10 18
3. Terminology
determined. These include: paraffins, noncondensed
3.1 The summation of characteristic mass fragments are
cycloparaffins, condensed dicycloparaffins, condensed
defined as follows:
tricycloparaffins, alkylbenzenes, indans or tetralins, or both,
+
∑71 (paraffins)=total peak height of m/e 71 + 85.
C H (indenes, etc.), naphthalenes, C H
n 2n-10 n 2n-14
∑67 (mono or noncondensed polycycloparaffins, or
(acenaphthenes, etc.),
+
both) = total peak height of m/e 67+68+69+81
C H (acenaphthylenes, etc.), and tricyclic aromatics.
n 2n-16
+82+83+96+97.
NOTE 1—This test method was developed on Consolidated Electrody- ∑123 (condensed dicycloparaffins)=total peak height of
+
namics Corporation Type 103 Mass Spectrometers.
m/e 123+124+137+138+··· etc. up to 249+250.
∑149 (condensed tricycloparaffins)=total peak height of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
+
m/e 149+150+163+164+··· etc. up to 247+248.
standard.
+
∑91 (alkyl benzenes) = total peak height of m/e
1.2.1 Exception—Theinch-poundunitsgiveninparentheses
91+92+105+106+··· etc. up to 175+176.
are for information only.
∑103 (indans or tetralins, or both)=total peak height of
+
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the m/e 103+104+117+118+··· etc. up to 187+188.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the ∑115 (indenes or C H , or both)=total peak height of
n 2n-10
+
m/e 115+116+129+130+··· etc. up to 185+186.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
+
128 (naphthalene)=total peak height of m/e 128.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
+
∑141 (naphthalenes) = total peak height of m/e
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
141+142+155+156+··· etc. up to 239+240.
For a specific warning statement, see 10.1.
∑153 (acenaphthenes or C H , or both)=total peak
n 2n-14
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
+
height of m/e 153 + 154 + 167 + 168 + ··· etc. up to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
251+252.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
∑151 (acenaphthylenes or C H , or both)=total peak
n 2n-16
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
+
height of m/e 151 + 152 + 165 + 166 + ··· etc. up to
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
249+250.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
+
∑177 (tricyclic aromatics) = total peak height of m/e
177+178+191+192+··· etc. up to 247+248.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.04.0M on Mass Spectroscopy. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D2425–04 (2009). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D2425-17. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2425 − 17
ics Corporation Type 103 Mass Spectrometers may have to develop their
4. Summary of Test Method
own operating parameters and calibration data.
4.1 Samples are separated into saturate and aromatic frac-
tions by Test Method D2549, and each fraction is analyzed by
9. Performance Test
mass spectrometry. The analysis is ba
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2425 − 04 (Reapproved 2009) D2425 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates by Mass
1
Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2425; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers an analytical scheme using the mass spectrometer to determine the hydrocarbon types present in
virgin middle distillates 204204 °C to 343°C (400343 °C (400 °F to 650°F)650 °F) boiling range, 5 to 95 volume % 5 % to 95 %
by volume as determined by Test Method D86. Samples with average carbon number value of paraffins between C and C and
12 16
containing paraffins from C and C can be analyzed. Eleven hydrocarbon types are determined. These include: paraffins,
10 18
noncondensed cycloparaffins, condensed dicycloparaffins, condensed tricycloparaffins, alkylbenzenes, indans or tetralins, or both,
C H (indenes, etc.), naphthalenes, C H (acenaphthenes, etc.),
n 2n-10 n 2n-14
C H (acenaphthylenes, etc.), and tricyclic aromatics.
n 2n-16
NOTE 1—This test method was developed on Consolidated Electrodynamics Corporation Type 103 Mass Spectrometers.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
information only.
1.2.1 Exception—The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems,concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific warning statement, see 10.1.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D2549 Test Method for Separation of Representative Aromatics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling Oils by Elution
Chromatography
3. Terminology
3.1 The summation of characteristic mass fragments are defined as follows:
+
∑71 (paraffins) = total peak height of m/e 71 + 85.
+
∑67 (mono or noncondensed polycycloparaffins, or both) = total peak height of m/e 67 + 68 + 69 + 81 + 82 + 83 + 96 + 97.
+
∑123 (condensed dicycloparaffins) = total peak height of m/e 123 + 124 + 137 + 138 + ··· etc. up to 249 + 250.
+
∑149 (condensed tricycloparaffins) = total peak height of m/e 149 + 150 + 163 + 164 + ··· etc. up to 247 + 248.
+
∑91 (alkyl benzenes) = total peak height of m/e 91 + 92 + 105 + 106 + ··· etc. up to 175 + 176.
+
∑103 (indans or tetralins, or both) = total peak height of m/e 103 + 104 + 117 + 118 + ··· etc. up to 187 + 188.
+
∑115 (indenes or C H , or both) = total peak height of m/e 115 + 116 + 129 + 130 + ··· etc. up to 185 + 186.
n 2n-10
+
128 (naphthalene) = total peak height of m/e 128.
+
∑141 (naphthalenes) = total peak height of m/e 141 + 142 + 155 + 156 + ··· etc. up to 239 + 240.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.04.0M on Mass Spectroscopy.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009Oct. 1, 2017. Published November 2009November 2017. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 20042009
as D2425D2425 – 04 (2009).–04. DOI: 10.1520/D2425-04R09.10.1520/D2425-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2425 − 17
+
∑153 (acenaphthenes or C H , or both) = total peak he
...