ASTM D4771-95
(Specification)Standard Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture
Standard Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the performance requirements for knitted upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture for general domestic use. These requirements apply to both the wale and course directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent.
1.2 This specification is not applicable to fabrics used in contract, porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for woven fabrics, bonded or laminated fabrics, or surface-coated fabrics (such as vinyls and urethanes).
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Note 2.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4771 – 95
Standard Specification for
Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4771; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Evaluation Procedure No. 3 AATCC Chromatic Transfer-
ence Scale
1.1 This specification covers the performance requirements
2.3 Federal Standard:
for knitted upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of
16CFR, Chapter II-Consumer Product Safety Commission,
new indoor furniture for general domestic use. These require-
Subchapter D-Flammable Fabrics Act Regulations
ments apply to both the wale and course directions for those
2.4 Military Standard:
factors where each fabric direction is pertinent.
MIL-STD-105D Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
1.2 This specification is not applicable to fabrics used in
spection by Attributes
contract, porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for woven fabrics,
2.5 Other Documents:
bonded or laminated fabrics, or surface-coated fabrics (such as
Joint Industry Knit Upholstery Fabric Standards and Guide-
vinyls and urethanes).
lines
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
Guides for the Household Furniture Industry
test methods described in this specification: This standard does
California Bulletin 117
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
UFAC Fabric Classification Test Method for Cigarette
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
Smolder Resistance
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this specification give only the
to use. See Note 2. permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other test
methods. The current editions of each test method cited shall prevail
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions:
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
3.1.1 contract furniture, n—furniture manufactured for use
D 2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens
in non-household applications.
for Textiles
3.1.2 indoor furniture, n—furniture manufactured for use in
D 4033 Test Method for Resistance to Yarn Slippage at the
the interior of a building.
Sewn Seam in Upholstery Fabrics (Dynamic Fatigue
3.1.3 upholstery fabric, n—the exterior fabric covering
Method)
applied to a furniture unit.
2.2 AATCC Methods:
3.1.4 upholstered furniture, n—furniture covered with such
8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
materials as textiles or leather and generally with padding or
16 Colorfastness to Light
cushions, or both.
23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this
107 Colorfastness to Water
specification, refer to Terminology D 123. Definitions found in
116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter
Method
129 Colorfastness to Ozone in the Atmosphere Under High
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Humidities
Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Evaluation Procedure No. 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Evaluation Procedure No. 2 Gray Scale for Staining Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Issued 1980, available from American Furniture Manufacturers Association,
Box HP-7, High Point, NC 27261.
Available from the Bureau of Consumer Protection, Federal Trade Commis-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 on
sion, Washington, DC 20580. Promulgated by the FTC on Dec. 21, 1973, to be
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.56 on Performance
effective on March 21, 1974.
Standards for Textile Fabrics.
Available from California Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Home
Current edition approved May 15, 1995. Published July 1995. Originally
published as D 4771 – 88. Last previous edition D 4771 – 94. Furnishings, 3485 Orange Grove Ave., North Highlands, CA 95660.
2 10
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Available from UFAC Central, Box 2436, High Point, NC 27261.
3 11
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02. The carbon-arc and xenon fade-ometers available from the Atlas Electric
AATCC Technical Manual, available from the American Association of Textile Devices Co., 4114 N. Ravenswood Ave., Chicago, IL 60613, have been found
Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. satisfactory for this test method.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 4771
a dictionary of common terms are suitable for terms used in 6. Sampling
this specification.
6.1 Tests shall be performed on the fabric as it will reach the
consumer.
4. Specification Requirements
6.2 Lot Sample—As a lot sample for acceptance testing,
4.1 The properties of knitted upholstery fabrics shall con- take at random the number of rolls as directed in an applicable
form to the specification requirements in Table 1. specification or other agreement between the purchaser and the
supplier, such as an agreement to use MIL-STD-105D.
5. Significance and Use
6.3 Laboratory Sample—From each roll or piece in the lot
sample, cut two laboratory samples the full width of the fabric
5.1 Upon mutual agreement between the purchaser and the
and at least 375 mm (15 in.) along the selvage.
seller, knitted fabrics intended for this end use should meet all
6.3.1 If there has been no prior agreement and the test
of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.
method does not specify the number of specimens, use the
5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics
procedures in Practice D 2905 to determine the number of
the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may
specimens, such that the user may expect at the 95 % prob-
find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the
ability level that the test result is no more than 5 % of the
requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the
average above or below the true average for each unit in the
requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified by mutual
laboratory sample when using a reliable estimate of variability
agreement between the purchaser and the seller.
of individual observations on similar materials in the user’s
5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall
laboratory under conditions of single operator precision.
specify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D 4771
except for the following characteristic(s).”
7. Test Methods
5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached
7.1 Resistance to Yarn Slippage—Determine the resistance
between the purchaser and the seller, and in case of contro-
to yarn slippage (seam integrity) as directed in Test Method
versy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used
D 4033.
as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands
NOTE 2—Yarn slippage at the seams in knit fabrics is a relatively rare
dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style
occurrence, limited to certain types of knit fabrics, for example, coarse-
of fabric.
gage Raschels and weft insertion knits. By a substantial majority, the
5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties and
failures which occur at the seams in knit fabrics are splitting or tearing
test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the
caused by needle cutting or weak yarns, or both, and stitch line thread
specified test methods.
breakage. All or any of these problems can be discovered in Test Method
D 4033 if they exist in any fabric or stitch line. If it is suspected that the
problem is needle cutting, seams should be sewn with progressively
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
smaller needles until a “passing” result is obtained. Then it is equally
important to specify that production on that particular fabric sho
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