ASTM B351-97

Standard Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Bars, Rod, and Wire for Nuclear Application

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hot- and cold-finished zirconium and zirconium alloy bars, rod, and wire, other than those required for reforging, including rounds, squares, and shapes.
1.2 One unalloyed grade and three alloy grades for use in nuclear applications are described.
1.3 The products covered include the following sections and sizes:
Bars: Rounds, squares and hexagons Flats3/8 in. (9.5 mm) and over in diameter or size 1/ 4 to 10 in. (6.4 to 250 mm) incl in width and 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thicknessARod: Rounds in coils for subsequent reworking1/4 to 3/4 in. (6.4 to 19 mm) in diameterWireless than 3/8 in. (9.5 mm) in diameter or sizeAThickness 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) to under 3/16 in. (4.8 m) can be cold-rolled strip as well as bar.
1.4 Unless a single unit is used, for example corrosion mass gain in mg/dm2, the values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other. SI values cannot be mixed with inch-pound values.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2001
• ICS: 77.140.60 - Steel bars and rods
• ICS: 77.140.65 - Steel wire, wire ropes and link chains
• Technical Committee: B10 - Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B10.02 - Zirconium and Hafnium

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: B 351 – 97 Used in USDOE-NE standards
Standard Specification for
Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Zirconium and Zirconium
Alloy Bars, Rod, and Wire for Nuclear Application
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 351; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.1 This specification covers hot- and cold-finished zirco-
E 114 Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight—Beam
nium and zirconium alloy bars, rod, and wire, other than those
Examination by the Contact Method
required for reforging, including rounds, squares, and shapes.
E 214 Practice for Immersed Ultrasonic Examination by the
1.2 One unalloyed grade and three alloy grades for use in
Reflection Method Using Pulsed Longitudinal Waves
nuclear applications are described.
G 2 Test Method for Corrosion Testing of Products of
1.3 The products covered include the following sections and
Zirconium, Hafnium, and Their Alloys in Water at 680°F
sizes:
or in Steam at 750°F
Bars:
Rounds, squares and hexagons ⁄8 in. (9.5 mm) and over in diameter or size
1 3. Terminology
Flats ⁄4 to 10 in. (6.4 to 250 mm) incl in width
and ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thick-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
A
ness
3.1.1 annealed—denotes material that exhibits a recrystal-
Rod:
1 3
Rounds in coils for subsequent ⁄4 to ⁄4 in. (6.4 to 19 mm) in diameter
lized grain structure.
reworking
3.1.2 lot—shall consist of all material of the same size,
Wire less than ⁄8in. (9.5 mm) in diameter or size
A shape, condition, and finish produced from the same ingot by
1 3
Thickness ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) to under ⁄16 in. (4.8 m) can be cold-rolled strip as well
as bar. the same reduction schedule and heat treatment with the final
1.4 Unless a single unit is used, for example corrosion mass
heat treatment in the same furnace charge.
gain in mg/dm , the values stated in either inch-pound or SI
4. Ordering Information
units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values
stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each
4.1 Purchase orders for material under this specification
system must be used independently of the other. SI values
should include the following information as required to ad-
cannot be mixed with inch-pound values.
equately describe the desired material:
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
4.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
test method portions of this specification. This standard does
4.1.2 Name of material,
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
4.1.3 Condition (Section 6),
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
4.1.4 Finish (Section 14),
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
4.1.5 Cross section (round, square, etc.),
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior 4.1.6 Form (bar, rod, wire),
to use.
4.1.7 Dimensions (size, thickness, width and length),
4.1.8 Grade (Table 1), and
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.9 ASTM designation and year of issue.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 250 lb (100 kgs)
B 350 Specification for Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy
zirconium alloy bar; hot rolled, annealed; mechanically descaled and
Ingots for Nuclear Application
pickled; ⁄4 in. (19 mm) by 4 in. (100 mm) by 144 in. (3.6 m), ASTM
E 8 Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
Specification B 351, dated __, Grade R60802.
E 21 Practice for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of
4.2 In addition to the data specified in 4.1, the following
Metallic Materials
options and points of agreement between the manufacturer and
the purchaser should be specified on the purchase order as
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-10 on
required:
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee B10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1997. Published February 1998. Originally
published as B 351 – 60 T. Last previous edition B 351 – 92. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 351
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, Weight %
Element
Grade R60001 Grade R60802 Grade R60804 Grade R60901
Tin . . . 1.20–1.70 1.20–1.70 . . .
Iron . . . 0.07–0.20 0.18–0.24 . . .
Chromium . . . 0.05–0.15 0.07–0.13 . . .
Nickel . . . 0.03–0.08 . . . . . .
Niobium . . . . . . . . . 2.40–2.80
A
Oxygen 0.09–0.16 0.09–0.16 0.09–0.13
Iron + chromium + nickel . . . 0.18–0.38 . . . . . .
Iron + chromium . . . . . . 0.28–0.37 . . .
Maximum Impurities, Weight %
Aluminum 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075
Boron 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005
Cadmium 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005
Carbon 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027
Chromium 0.020 . . . . . . 0.020
Cobalt 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020
Copper 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050
Hafnium 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010
Hydrogen 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025
Iron 0.150 . . . . . . 0.150
Magnesium 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020
Manganese 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050
Molybdenum 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050
Nickel 0.0070 . . . 0.0070 0.0070
Nitrogen 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080
Phosphorus . . . . . . . . . 0.0020
Silicon 0.0120 0.012 0.0120 0.0120
Tin 0.0050 . . . . . . 0.0050
Titanium 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050
Tungsten 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010
Uranium (total) 0.00035 0.00035 0.00035 0.00035
A
When so specified in the purchase order, oxygen shall be determined and reported. Maximum, minimum, or both, permissible values should be specified in the purchase
order.
4.2.1 Mechanical test temperature (see 8.1), analysis for material produced to this specification except for
4.2.2 Tolerances (Section 10), hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen content, which shall be deter-
4.2.3 Workmanship standards (Section 13), mined on the finished product. Alternatively, the manufacturer
4.2.4 Special tests (Section 12), may sample an intermediate or final size during processing
4.2.5 Inspection (Section 16), and with the same frequency and in the same positions relative to
4.2.6 Corrosion visual standards (Section 9). the ingot, as specified in Specification B 350, to determine the
4.2.7 Oxygen limits (see footnote A, Table 1). composition, except for hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which
shall be determined on the finished product.
5. Materials and Manufacture
7.3 Analysis shall be made using the manufacturer’s stan-
5.1 Materials covered by this specification shall be pro-
dard methods. In the event of disagreement as to the chemical
duced by multiple vacuum melting in arc furnaces, electron
composition of the metal, methods of chemical analysis for
beam melting, or other melting processes conventionally used
reference purposes shall be determined by a mutually accept-
for reactive metals; all processes to be done in furnaces usually
able laboratory.
used for reactive metals.
7.4 Product Analysis—Product analysis is an analysis made
by the purchaser or the manufacturer for the purpose of
6. Condition
verifying the composition of the lot. The product analysis
6.1 Grades R60001, R60802, and R60804 furnished under
tolerances reflect the variation between laboratories in the
this specification shall be in the annealed condition unless
measurement of chemical composition. The permissible varia-
otherwise specified.
tion in the product analysis from the specified range is as
6.2 Grade R60901 in sizes under 1 in. (25 mm) in minimum
prescribed in Table 2.
dimension furnished under this specification shall be in the
7.5 Number of Tests—Two random samples for each 4000
cold-worked condition unless otherwise specified. Sizes 1 in.
lb (1800 kg) or fraction thereof shall be analyzed for hydrogen,
(25 mm) and over in minimum dimension shall be furnished in
nitrogen, and oxygen.
the annealed condition unless otherwise specified.
7. Chemical Composition 8. Mechanical Properties
7.1 The material shall conform to the requirements for 8.1 The material shall conform to the requirements pre-
chemical composition as prescribed in Table 1. scribed in Table 3 for room temperature mechanical properties.
7.2 The manufacturer’s ingot analysis made in accordance Elevated temperature properties shall be used to determine
with Specification B 350 shall be considered the chemical compliance only when specified in the purchase order.
B 351
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Product Analysis
Rounded Unit for Observed
Property or Calculated Value
Permissible Variation from the
Alloying Elements
Chemical composition, and toler- nearest unit in the last right-hand
Specified Range (Table 1), %
ances (when expressed as decimals) place of figures of the specified limit
Tin 0.050
Tensile strength and yield strength nearest 1000 psi (10 MPa)
Iron 0.020
Elongation nearest 1 %
Chromium 0.010
Nickel 0.010
12. Special Tests
Iron + chromium 0.020
12.1 Ultrasonic Inspection:
Iron + chromium + nickel 0.020
Niobium 0.050
12.1.1 In lieu of the ultrasonic test of the ingot as specified
Oxygen 0.020
in B 350, the manufacturer may alternatively perform ultra-
sonic inspection at an intermediate size in accordance with
Each Impurity Element 20 ppm or 20 % of the specified E 114 or E 214, with the approval of the purchaser.
limit, whichever is smaller
12.1.2 Unless otherwise approved by the purchaser, the
reference standard shall consist of a 0.06 in. (1.5 mm) flat
bottom hole drilled perpendicular to the longitudinal product
8.2 The yield strength shall be determined by the offset
axis to a depth of 0.5 in. (13 mm).
(0.2 % method) as prescribed in Test Methods E 8.
12.1.3 Any defect reflections greater than the indication
8.3 The tensile properties shall be determined using a strain
from the reference standard should be rejected.
rate of 0.003 to 0.007 in./in. (mm/mm)/min through the yield
12.2 Additional tests may be specified in the purchase order.
strength. After the yield strength has been exceeded, the cross
The test method and standards shall be agreed upon in advance
head speed may be increased to approximately 0.05 in./in.
between manufacturer and purchaser.
(mm/mm)/min to failure.
8.4 Requirements for mechanical properties do not apply to 13. Workmanship and Appearance
wire.
13.1 Bars, rod, or wire shall be free of cracks, seams,
8.5 The tensile properties enumerated in this specification
slivers, blisters, burrs, and other injurious imperfections in
shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods E 8 or
accordance with standards of acceptability agreed upon be-
Practice E 21.
tween the manufacturer and the purchaser.
8.6 Number of Tests—Two random samples for each 4000
14. Finish
lb (1800 kg) or fraction thereof shall be tested for mechanical
properties in the longitudinal direction. 14.1 Bars or rod in the hot-finished condition shall be
furnished with one of the following finishes as designated in
9. Corrosion Properties
the purchase order:
9.1 Two samples chosen at random from each 4000 lb (1818
14.1.1 Not descaled,
kg) or fraction thereof shall be corrosion tested in steam at
14.1.2 Mechanically descaled,
750°F (400°C), 1500 psi (10.3 MPa), for 72 h or 336 h at the
14.1.3 Mechanically descaled and pickled,
option of the manufacturer in accordance with Test Method
14.1.4 Rough machined 500 μin. (13 μm) or better,
G2.
14.1.5 Turned (round bars only) 500 μin. (13 μm) or better,
9.2 Acceptance Criterion:
14.1.6 Ground (round bars 2 in. (50 mm) and under only)
9.2.1 Grades R60802 and R60804—All coupons thus tested
125 μin. (3 μm) or better, or
shall exhibit a continuous, black, lustrous oxide film and be
14.1.7 Ground and polished 32 μin. (0.8 μm) or better.
free of white or brown corrosion product in excess of standards
14.2 Cold-reduced bars and wire shall be furnished with one
previously agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
of the following finishes as designated in the purchase order:
Coupons shall exhibit a weight gain of not more than 22
14.2.1 As cold reduced,
mg/dm in a 72-h test or 38 mg/dm in a 336-h test.
14.2.2 Pickled,
9.2.2 Grade R60901—All coupons shall exhibit a continu-
14.2.3 Ground 63 μin. (1.6 μm) or better, or
ous, uniform, dark gray oxide film. Coupons shall exhibit a
14.2.4 Polished 32 μin. (0.8 μm) or better.
weight gain of not more than 35 mg/dm in a 72-h test or 60
15. Retests
mg/dm in a 336-h test.
15.1 If any sample or specimen exhibits obvious surface
10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
contamination or improper preparation disqualifying it as a
truly representative sample, it shall be discarded and replaced
10.1 Bars, rod, and wire shall conform to the dimensional
requirements for the specified product as prescribed in Tables by a new sample or specimen.
15.2 If the results of the inspection of a lot are not in
5-10.
conformance with the requirements of this specification, the lot
11. Significance of Numerical Limits
may be reworked at the option of the manufacturer, providing
11.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with the the rework steps are within the previously approved specifica-
specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in the tions and procedures used for the original fabrication. Devia-
following table, an observed value or a calculated value shall tions must be approved by the purchaser.
be rounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding 15.3 If the result of any test does not meet the specification
methods of Practice E 29. requirements, retests may be performed on twice as many
B 351
TABLE 3 Mechanical Properties of Annealed Material, Tested in the Longitudinal Direction
Yield Strength
Tensile Strength, Elongation in 2 in.
Grade Condition Temperature (0.2 % offset), min
A
min ksi (MPa) or 50 mm, min %
ksi (MPa)
B
R60001 annealed RT 42 (290) 20 (140) 18
R60802 annealed RT 60 (415) 35 (240) 14
R60802 annealed 600°F (316°C) 31 (215) 15 (105) 24
R60804 annealed RT 60 (415) 35 (240) 14
R60804 annealed 600°F (316°C) 31 (215) 15 (105) 24
R60901 cold worked RT 74 (510) 50 (345) 10
R60901 annealed RT 65 (450) 45 (310) 15
A
When a sub-size specimen is used, the gage length shall be as specified in Test Methods E 8 for that specimen.
B
“RT” represents room temperature; No
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