ASTM D1545-98

Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method (Withdrawn 2007)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscosity in bubble seconds by timing. The bubble seconds are approximately equal to stokes for most liquids.
1.2 The test method is applicable to transparent liquids that are free from crystalline or gel particles.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. >
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the determination of the viscosity in bubble seconds by timing. The bubble seconds are approximately equal to stokes for most liquids.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications, this test method was withdrawn in March 2007 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-1998
• Withdrawal Date: 19-Mar-2007
• ICS: 71.040.40 - Chemical analysis
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.24 - Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1545-07 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D5165-12(2020) - Standard Practice for Laboratory Preparation of Gelled Vehicles Using a Resin Kettle
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1998
• Referred By: ASTM D1725-12(2019) - Standard Practice for Preparing Resin Solutions for Viscosity Measurement by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1998
• Referred By: ASTM D1084-16(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1998
• Referred By: ASTM D803-15(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Testing Tall Oil
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1998
• Referred By: ASTM D1544-04(2023) - Standard Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gardner Color Scale)
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1998
• Referred By: ASTM D4142-89(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing Epoxy Resins
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1545–98
Standard Test Method for
1
Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1545; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
NOTE 1—All distances shall be measured from the outside bottom of
1. Scope
the tube.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscos-
3.3 Reference Standards—A series of standard viscosity
ity in bubble seconds by timing. The bubble seconds are
tubes (3.2) filled with transparent liquids having predetermined
approximately equal to stokes for most liquids.
viscosities in stokes and bubble seconds and spaced in loga-
1.2 The test method is applicable to transparent liquids that
rithmically even increments of about 26 % (log
are free from crystalline or gel particles.
1.260 5 0.100), as listed in Table 1. The standards shall be
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
marked alphabetically or numerically as shown in Table 1
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
without reference to stokes or bubble time (Note 2).Also listed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
in Table 1, for general and historical reference only, is the long
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
established series of Gardner-Holdt letter standards, in tubes
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
thatdonothavethethreelinesandareshorterthanthestandard
2. Terminology
viscosity tubes described in 3.2.
2.1 Definitions:
NOTE 2—For convenience, the reference standards can be divided in
2.1.1 viscosity—the resistance experienced by one portion
three series: light series, 15 tubes marked 0.22 to 8.0; heavy series, 14
of a liquid moving over another portion of the liquid. The tubes marked 10 to 200; and very heavy series, 7 tubes, marked 250 to
1000.
absolute unit of viscosity in the cgs system is the poise which
is expressed as dyne-seconds per square centimetre. Stokes are
3.4 Timing Device—Stopwatch or electric stop clock ca-
equal to poises divided by density. The absolute SI viscosity
pable of being read to a precision of 0.1 s.
unit is the pascal-second.
3.5 Tube Racks, capable of inverting one or more viscosity
tubes 180° to within 1° of a vertical position while rack and
3. Apparatus
tubes are immersed in the constant temperature bath.
3.1 Constant-Temperature Bath—Any suitable bath capable
3.6 Viscosity Tube Corks, No. 2 short.
of maintaining temperature at 25 6 0.1°C with water as the
bath medium. 4. Procedure
2
3.2 Standard Viscosity Tubes, of clear glass and with flat
4.1 Fill a standard viscosity tube with the material to be
bottoms, 10.65 6 0.025 mm in inside diameter; 114 61mm
tested to approximately level with the 108-mm line.
in outside length. Plainly legible lines shall be located as
4.2 Transfer the tube to a constant 25°C temperature bath
follows (Note 1):
with the cork loosely inserted. Hold at this temperature for 10
27 6 0.5 mm
min.
100 6 0.5 mm
NOTE 3—Adequate control of the temperature bath is essential. A
108 6 0.5 mm
variationof0.1°Cinthetemperatureofthebathwillcausea1 %variation
Thedistancebetweenthefirstandsecondlinesshallbe73 6
in the timed bubble travel.
0.5 mm.
4.3 At the end of 10 min adjust the level of the liquid so that
the bottom meniscus will be level with the 100-mm line. Insert
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
the cork so that the bottom of the cork is on the level with the
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
108-mmline.This will ensure a bubble of suitable and uniform
Subcommittee D01.33 on Polymers and Resins.
size.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1998. Published December 1998. Originally
e1
published as D 1545 – 58 T. Last previous edition D 1545 – 89(1993) .
4.4 Insert the tube in the rack and immerse in the 25°C
2
Empty standard viscosity tubes are available from the R. P. Cargille Labora-
water bath. Allow the tube(s) to stand with cork down in the
tories, Inc., 55 Commerce Rd., Cedar Grove, NJ, 07009, or Byk-Gardner Inc.,
bath a minimum of 20 min before determining the viscosity.
Gardner Laboratory, 2435 Linden Lane, Silver Spring, MD 20910.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
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D1545
TABLE 1 Recommended Numerical Standards for Comparator NOTE 4—For viscosities of liquids that ha
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