ASTM D2904-97(2002)

Standard Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data (Withdrawn 2008)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Interlaboratory testing is a means of securing estimates of the variability in results obtained by different laboratories, operators, equipment, and environments when following procedures prescribed in a specific test method and of determining that the method produces results of essentially uniform variability and at a consistent level when the same materials are tested in a number of laboratories.
The estimates of the components of variance from the interlaboratory test provide the information needed for the preparation of statements on the number of specimens and on precision as directed in Practices D 2905 and D 2906.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice serves as a guide for planning interlaboratory tests in preparation for the calculation of the number of tests to determine the average quality of a textile material as discussed in Practice D 2905 and for the development of statements on precision as required in Practice D 2906.
1.2 The planning of interlaboratory tests requires a general knowledge of statistical principles including the use of variance components estimated from an analysis of variance. Interlaboratory tests should be planned, conducted, and analyzed after consultation with statisticians who are experienced in the design and analysis of experiments and who have some knowledge of the nature of the variability likely to be encountered in the test method.
1.3 The instructions in this practice are specifically applicable to design and analysis of:
1.3.1 Single laboratory preliminary trial,
1.3.2 Pilot-scale interlaboratory tests, and
1.3.3 Full-scale interlaboratory tests.
1.4 Guides for decisions pertaining to data transformations prior to analysis, the handling of missing data, and handling of outlying observations are provided.
1.5 Procedures given in this practice are applicable to test methods based on the measurement of continuous variates from normal distributions or from distributions which can be made normal by a transformation. Get qualified statistical help to (1) decide if the data are from another known distribution, such as the Poisson distribution, (2) make a judgment on normality, ( 3) transform data to a more nearly normal distribution, or ( 4) use Practice D 4467. Use the procedures in Practice D 4467 for test methods that produce data that are (1) continuous data that are not normally distributed or (2) discrete data, such as ratings on an arbitrary scale, counts that may be modelled by use of the Poisson distribution, or proportions or counts of successes in a specified number of trials that may be modelled by the binomial distribution.
Note 1—Additional information on interlaboratory testing and on statistical treatment of data can be found in Practice D 1749, D 3040, E 173, E 177, E 691, and Terminology E 456.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-1997
• Withdrawal Date: 16-Oct-2008
• ICS: 59.080.01 - Textiles in general
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2904-97 - Standard Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6476-12(2021) - Standard Test Method for Determining Dynamic Air Permeability of Inflatable Restraint Fabrics
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D578/D578M-23 - Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Strands
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6479-15(2020) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Edgecomb Resistance of Woven Fabrics Used in Inflatable Restraints
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D2256/D2256M-21 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Yarns by the Single-Strand Method
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D2860/D2860M-18 - Standard Test Method for Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tape to Fiberboard at 90° Angle and Constant Stress
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D5587-15(2019) - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Trapezoid Procedure
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D1388-23 - Standard Test Method for Stiffness of Fabrics
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D5848-20 - Standard Test Method for Mass Per Unit Area of Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D1578-93(2022) - Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength of Yarn in Skein Form
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D4851-07(2019)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Coated and Laminated Fabrics for Architectural Use
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D3883-04(2020) - Standard Test Method for Yarn Crimp and Yarn Take-up in Woven Fabrics
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6797-15 - Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Fabrics Constant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Test
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D737-18(2023) - Standard Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D3886-22 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Inflated Diaphragm Apparatus)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6478-10(2019) - Standard Test Method for Determining Specific Packability of Fabrics Used in Inflatable Restraints
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D2594/D2594M-21 - Standard Test Method for Stretch Properties of Knitted Fabrics Having Low Power
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6571-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Compression Resistance and Recovery Properties of Highloft Nonwoven Fabric Using Static Force Loading
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D4772-14(2019) - Standard Test Method for Surface Water Absorption of Terry Fabrics (Water Flow)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D1424-21 - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6611-23 - Standard Test Method for Wet and Dry Yarn-on-Yarn Abrasion Resistance
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D3885-07A(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Flexing and Abrasion Method)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6674-01(2017) - Standard Guide for Proficiency Test Program for Fabrics
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D1777-96(2019) - Standard Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D5793-18(2022) - Standard Test Method for Binding Sites per Unit Length or Width of Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D1577-07(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile Fibers
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D3882-08(2020) - Standard Test Method for Bow and Skew in Woven and Knitted Fabrics
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D3107-07(2019) - Standard Test Methods for Stretch Properties of Fabrics Woven from Stretch Yarns
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D2261-13(2017)e1 - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D5344-22 - Standard Test Method for Extension Force of Partially Oriented Yarn
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D3652/D3652M-01(2020) - Standard Test Method for Thickness of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6828-02(2019) - Standard Test Method for Stiffness of Fabric by Blade/Slot Procedure
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2904–97 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Practice for
Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test Method that
1
Produces Normally Distributed Data
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2904; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
E173, E177, E691, and Terminology E456.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice serves as a guide for planning interlabo-
2. Referenced Documents
ratory tests in preparation for the calculation of the number of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tests to determine the average quality of a textile material as
2
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
discussed in Practice D2905 and for the development of
D1749 Practice for Interlaboratory Evaluation of Test
statements on precision as required in Practice D2906.
3
Methods Used with Paper and Paper Products
1.2 The planning of interlaboratory tests requires a general
D2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens
knowledge of statistical principles including the use of vari-
2
for Textiles
ance components estimated from an analysis of variance.
D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for
Interlaboratory tests should be planned, conducted, and ana-
2
Textiles
lyzed after consultation with statisticians who are experienced
D3025 PracticeforStandardizingCottonFiberTestResults
in the design and analysis of experiments and who have some
2
by Use of Calibration Cotton Standards
knowledge of the nature of the variability likely to be encoun-
D3040 Practice for Preparing Statements for Standards
tered in the test method.
4
Related to Rubber and Rubber Testing
1.3 The instructions in this practice are specifically appli-
D4270 Guide for Using Existing Practices in Developing
cable to design and analysis of:
5
and Writing Test Methods
1.3.1 Single laboratory preliminary trial,
D4467 PracticeforInterlaboratoryTestingofaTextileTest
1.3.2 Pilot-scale interlaboratory tests, and
5
Method that Produces Non-Normally Distributed Data
1.3.3 Full-scale interlaboratory tests.
5,6
D4853 Guide for Reducing Test Variability
1.4 Guides for decisions pertaining to data transformations
E173 Practices for Conducting Interlaboratory Studies of
prior to analysis, the handling of missing data, and handling of
7
Methods for Chemical Analysis of Metals
outlying observations are provided.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
1.5 Procedures given in this practice are applicable to test
8
ASTM Test Methods
methods based on the measurement of continuous variates
8
E178 Practice for Dealing with Outlying Observations
from normal distributions or from distributions which can be
8
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
made normal by a transformation. Get qualified statistical help
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
to (1) decide if the data are from another known distribution,
8
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
such as the Poisson distribution, (2) make a judgment on
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
normality, ( 3) transform data to a more nearly normal
9
TEX-PAC
distribution, or ( 4) use Practice D4467. Use the procedures in
Practice D4467 for test methods that produce data that are (1) NOTE 2—Tex-Pac is a group of PC programs on floppy disks, available
through ASTM International Headquarters. The calculations required by
continuousdatathatarenotnormallydistributedor(2)discrete
the Annexes of this practice can be performed using this adjunct and the
data, such as ratings on an arbitrary scale, counts that may be
ouput is printed in a format suitable for direct insertion in the Research
modelled by use of the Poisson distribution, or proportions or
counts of successes in a specified number of trials that may be
modelled by the binomial distribution.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
NOTE 1—Additional information on interlaboratory testing and on
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
statistical treatment of data can be found in Practice D1749, D3040,
4
Discontinued. See 1988 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
6
Discontinued. See 1993 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
1 7
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextilesand Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
8
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.93 on Statistics. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
9
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1997. Published August 1998. Originally PC programs on floppy disks are available through ASTM International.
published as D2904–73T. Last previous edition D2904–91. Request ADJD2904.
Copyright © ASTM International,
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