ASTM B998-17
(Guide)Standard Guide for Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of Aluminum Alloy Castings
Standard Guide for Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of Aluminum Alloy Castings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 HIP of castings should be performed in the as cast condition. Post HIP inspection of castings should result in a reduction of porosity that is evident in x-ray grade and properties.
4.2 HIP will not eliminate inclusions or surface-connected porosity in a casting.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide presents requirements for hot isostatic pressing (HIP) of aluminum alloy castings. HIPing is a process in which components are subjected to the simultaneous application of heat and high pressure in an inert gas medium. The process is to be used for the reduction of internal (non-surface connected) porosity. The document is to describe the general parameters of the HIP process, describe certification procedures and a description that the process has been followed. It is not intended to be a description of a heat treating procedure. This is not meant to supersede an end user’s specification where one exists.2
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: B998 − 17
Standard Guide for
1
Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of Aluminum Alloy Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B998; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 ASTM Standards:
E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-Electromotive
1.1 This guide presents requirements for hot isostatic press-
Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
ing (HIP) of aluminum alloy castings. HIPing is a process in
2.3 AMS Standards
which components are subjected to the simultaneous applica-
AMS 2750 Pyrometry
tion of heat and high pressure in an inert gas medium. The
process is to be used for the reduction of internal (non-surface
3. Terminology
connected) porosity. The document is to describe the general
parameters of the HIP process, describe certification proce- 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 autoclave, n—a pressure vessel used in the HIP
dures and a description that the process has been followed. It is
not intended to be a description of a heat treating procedure. process.
This is not meant to supersede an end user’s specification
3.1.2 hold time, n—time at required temperature and pres-
2
where one exists.
sure as specified on the drawing or applicable specification.
Hold time to start when pressure and all temperature hold time
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
load monitoring thermocouples are within specified require-
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
ments.
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
3.1.3 hot isostatic pressing (HIP), n & v—a solid state
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
process whereby heat and pressure are simultaneously applied
conformance with the standard.
to objects in an autoclave by way of an inert gas to reduce
internal voids and obtain desired properties. Also used as a
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
verb to describe application of the process to an object, hence
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
HIPing, HIPed.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.4 inert gas, n—a non-reactive gas, used in HIP vessel
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
during pressurization.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.5 on-line gas analysis, n—analysis of process gas ema-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
nating from the autoclave. Refer to 7.6 (“Inert Gas Purity”).
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.6 working zone, n—the volume of the heated region of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
an autoclave which may be occupied by castings to be hot
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
isostatically pressed.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 HIP of castings should be performed in the as cast
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the
condition. Post HIP inspection of castings should result in a
date of casting purchase form a part of this practice to the
reduction of porosity that is evident in x-ray grade and
extent referenced herein:
properties.
1
4.2 HIP will not eliminate inclusions or surface-connected
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals
and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01 on Aluminum
porosity in a casting.
Alloy Ingots and Castings.
Current edition approved July 1, 2017. Published July 2017. DOI: 10.1520/
5. Ordering Information
B0998-17.
2
The HIPpractice described in this guide is not intended to be substituted for the
5.1 Orders for HIPing of aluminum castings under this
heat treat requirements for aluminum alloy castings, which are provided in Practice
guide should include the following information:
B917/B917M Standard Practice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum-Alloy Castings
5.1.1 This guide designation (which includes the number,
from All Processes. This standard Guide is not meant to supersede an end user’s
specification where one exists. year and revision letter, if applicable).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
------------
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B998 − 17
Standard Guide for
1
Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of Aluminum Alloy Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B998; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 ASTM Standards:
E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-Electromotive
1.1 This guide presents requirements for hot isostatic press-
Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
ing (HIP) of aluminum alloy castings. HIPing is a process in
2.3 AMS Standards
which components are subjected to the simultaneous applica-
AMS 2750 Pyrometry
tion of heat and high pressure in an inert gas medium. The
process is to be used for the reduction of internal (non-surface
3. Terminology
connected) porosity. The document is to describe the general
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
parameters of the HIP process, describe certification proce-
dures and a description that the process has been followed. It is 3.1.1 autoclave, n—a pressure vessel used in the HIP
process.
not intended to be a description of a heat treating procedure.
This is not meant to supersede an end user’s specification
3.1.2 hold time, n—time at required temperature and pres-
2
where one exists.
sure as specified on the drawing or applicable specification.
Hold time to start when pressure and all temperature hold time
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
load monitoring thermocouples are within specified require-
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
ments.
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
3.1.3 hot isostatic pressing (HIP), n & v—a solid state
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
process whereby heat and pressure are simultaneously applied
conformance with the standard.
to objects in an autoclave by way of an inert gas to reduce
internal voids and obtain desired properties. Also used as a
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
verb to describe application of the process to an object, hence
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
HIPing, HIPed.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.4 inert gas, n—a non-reactive gas, used in HIP vessel
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
during pressurization.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.5 on-line gas analysis, n—analysis of process gas ema-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
nating from the autoclave. Refer to 7.6 (“Inert Gas Purity”).
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.6 working zone, n—the volume of the heated region of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
an autoclave which may be occupied by castings to be hot
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
isostatically pressed.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 HIP of castings should be performed in the as cast
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the
condition. Post HIP inspection of castings should result in a
date of casting purchase form a part of this practice to the
reduction of porosity that is evident in x-ray grade and
extent referenced herein:
properties.
1
4.2 HIP will not eliminate inclusions or surface-connected
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals
and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01 on Aluminum
porosity in a casting.
Alloy Ingots and Castings.
Current edition approved July 1, 2017. Published July 2017. DOI: 10.1520/
5. Ordering Information
B0998-17.
2
The HIP practice described in this guide is not intended to be substituted for the
5.1 Orders for HIPing of aluminum castings under this
heat treat requirements for aluminum alloy castings, which are provided in Practice
guide should include the following information:
B917/B917M Standard Practice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum-Alloy Castings
5.1.1 This guide designation (which includes the number,
from All Processes. This standard Guide is not meant to supersede an end user’s
specification where one exists. year and revision letter, if applicable).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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B998 − 17
5.1.2 The quantity in pieces. should be kept free of all surface contaminants which may be
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