ASTM D7911-14
(Guide)Standard Guide for Using Reference Material to Characterize Measurement Bias Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Emission Chamber Test
Standard Guide for Using Reference Material to Characterize Measurement Bias Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Emission Chamber Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Chamber testing is a globally-accepted method for measuring the emissions of VOCs from building materials and products. Chamber emission test data have a variety of uses including identification and labeling of products as low-VOC emitting for improved indoor air quality, manufacturing quality control, and development of new and improved products for reduced VOC emissions.
5.2 Currently, an inter-laboratory study (ILS) is the most frequently used method for assessing the bias of a laboratory’s VOC emission test results. An ILS typically relies on a VOC source with an uncharacterized emission rate. Consequently, a large number of participants (Practice E691 recommends 30, with a minimum requirement of six) are needed to produce the data required to calculate a laboratory’s performance relative to the central tendency and distribution of the results for all participants. Due to the participant size requirement and other logistical issues, an ILS involves significant planning and coordination to achieve useful results.
5.3 Inter-laboratory studies have often shown significant variations in measured VOC emission rates among participating laboratories for a given source. Variability in the emission rate from the source often is suspected to be a contributing factor, but it is difficult to be certain of the cause. Thus, better characterized sources are needed for evaluating the ability of laboratories to generate VOC emission test results with acceptable bias as discussed in 8.6.
5.4 Proficiency tests (PT) for VOC emission testing typically focus on a laboratory’s analytical capabilities. For example, an analytical PT relies on a certified standard prepared by an accredited vendor as a reference. A laboratory analyzes the PT sample without knowledge of its concentration value. Acceptance of the results is judged by the deviation from the known value. Use of reference materials can expand analytical PT schemes to also include the impacts of test sample handlin...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides procedures for using a reference material with a known emission rate of a volatile organic compound (VOC) to estimate the bias associated with a VOC emission chamber test.
1.2 This guide may be used to assess measurements of VOC emissions conducted in a variety of environmental chambers, such as small-scale chambers, full-scale chambers, emission cells, and micro-scale chambers.
1.3 This guide may be used to assess measurements of VOC emissions from a variety of sources including “dry” materials (for example, carpet, floor tile and particleboard) and “wet” materials (for example, paint and cleaning products).
1.4 This guide can be used to support quality control efforts by emissions testing laboratories, third party accreditation of testing laboratories participating in emissions testing programs, and quality control efforts by manufacturers of building and other materials.
1.5 This guide may be used to support the determination of precision and bias of other commonly used VOC emission standards including Guide D5116, Test Method D6007, ISO 16000-9, ANSI/BIFMA M7.1, and CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.1.
1.6 This guide also describes the attributes of a suitable emission reference material and the different methods available to independently determine the reference material’s VOC emission rate.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7911 − 14
Standard Guide for
Using Reference Material to Characterize Measurement Bias
Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Emission
1
Chamber Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7911; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This guide provides procedures for using a reference
material with a known emission rate of a volatile organic
2. Referenced Documents
compound (VOC) to estimate the bias associated with a VOC
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
emission chamber test.
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
1.2 ThisguidemaybeusedtoassessmeasurementsofVOC
Atmospheres
emissions conducted in a variety of environmental chambers,
D5116 Guide for Small-Scale Environmental Chamber De-
such as small-scale chambers, full-scale chambers, emission
terminations of Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/
cells, and micro-scale chambers.
Products
1.3 ThisguidemaybeusedtoassessmeasurementsofVOC
D5197 Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and
emissions from a variety of sources including “dry” materials
OtherCarbonylCompoundsinAir(ActiveSamplerMeth-
(for example, carpet, floor tile and particleboard) and “wet”
odology)
materials (for example, paint and cleaning products).
D5466 Test Method for Determination of Volatile Organic
Chemicals inAtmospheres (Canister Sampling Methodol-
1.4 This guide can be used to support quality control efforts
ogy)
by emissions testing laboratories, third party accreditation of
D6007 TestMethodforDeterminingFormaldehydeConcen-
testinglaboratoriesparticipatinginemissionstestingprograms,
trations in Air from Wood Products Using a Small-Scale
and quality control efforts by manufacturers of building and
Chamber
other materials.
D6196 Practice for Selection of Sorbents, Sampling, and
1.5 This guide may be used to support the determination of
Thermal Desorption Analysis Procedures for Volatile Or-
precision and bias of other commonly used VOC emission
ganic Compounds in Air
standards including Guide D5116, Test Method D6007, ISO
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
16000-9, ANSI/BIFMA M7.1, and CDPH/EHLB/Standard
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
Method V1.1.
Measurement System Performance
1.6 This guide also describes the attributes of a suitable
D6330 Practice for Determination of Volatile Organic Com-
emissionreferencematerialandthedifferentmethodsavailable
pounds(ExcludingFormaldehyde)EmissionsfromWood-
to independently determine the reference material’s VOC
Based Panels Using Small Environmental Chambers Un-
emission rate.
der Defined Test Conditions
D6617 Practice for Laboratory Bias Detection Using Single
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Test Result from Standard Material
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D6670 Practice for Full-Scale Chamber Determination of
standard.
Volatile Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Products
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D6803 PracticeforTestingandSamplingofVolatileOrganic
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Compounds (Including Carbonyl Compounds) Emitted
1 2
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014. Published September 2014. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7911-14. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D7911 − 14
from Paint Using Small Environmental Chambers 2.3 Other Standards:
D7143 Practice for Emission Cells for the Determination of ANSI/BIFMA M7.1 2011 Test Method for Determining
Volatile Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/ VOC Emissions from Office Furniture Systems,
4
Products Components, and Seating
CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.1 2010 Standard
D7339 Test Method for Determination of Volatile Organic
Compounds Emitted from Carpet using a Specific Sorbent Method for theTesting and Evaluation ofVolatile Organic
Chemical Emissions from Indoor Sources Using Env
...
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