ASTM D7911-19
(Guide)Standard Guide for Using Reference Material to Characterize Measurement Bias Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Emission Chamber Test
Standard Guide for Using Reference Material to Characterize Measurement Bias Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Emission Chamber Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Chamber testing is a globally-accepted method for measuring the emissions of VOCs from building materials and products. Chamber emission test data have a variety of uses including identification and labeling of products as low-VOC emitting for improved indoor air quality, manufacturing quality control, and development of new and improved products for reduced VOC emissions.
5.2 Currently, an inter-laboratory study (ILS) is the most frequently used method for assessing the bias of a laboratory’s VOC emission test results. An ILS typically relies on a VOC source with an uncharacterized emission rate. Consequently, a large number of participants (Practice E691 recommends 30, with a minimum requirement of six) are needed to produce the data required to calculate a laboratory’s performance relative to the central tendency and distribution of the results for all participants. Due to the participant size requirement and other logistical issues, an ILS involves significant planning and coordination to achieve useful results.
5.3 Inter-laboratory studies have often shown significant variations in measured VOC emission rates among participating laboratories for a given source. Variability in the emission rate from the source often is suspected to be a contributing factor, but it is difficult to be certain of the cause. Thus, better characterized sources are needed for evaluating the ability of laboratories to generate VOC emission test results with acceptable bias as discussed in 8.6.
5.4 Proficiency tests (PT) for VOC emission testing typically focus on a laboratory’s analytical capabilities. For example, an analytical PT relies on a certified standard prepared by an accredited vendor as a reference. A laboratory analyzes the PT sample without knowledge of its concentration value. Acceptance of the results is judged by the deviation from the known value. Use of reference materials can expand analytical PT schemes to also include the impacts of test sample handlin...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides procedures for using a reference material with a known emission rate of a volatile organic compound (VOC) to estimate the bias associated with a VOC emission chamber test.
1.2 This guide may be used to assess measurements of VOC emissions conducted in a variety of environmental chambers, such as small-scale chambers, full-scale chambers, emission cells, and micro-scale chambers.
1.3 This guide may be used to assess measurements of VOC emissions from a variety of sources including “dry” materials (for example, carpet, floor tile and particleboard) and “wet” materials (for example, paint and cleaning products).
1.4 This guide can be used to support quality control efforts by emissions testing laboratories, third party accreditation of testing laboratories participating in emissions testing programs, and quality control efforts by manufacturers of building and other materials.
1.5 This guide may be used to support the determination of precision and bias of other commonly used VOC emission standards including Guide D5116, Test Method D6007, ISO 16000-9, ANSI/BIFMA M7.1, and CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.2.
1.6 This guide also describes the attributes of a suitable emission reference material and the different methods available to independently determine the reference material’s VOC emission rate.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles ...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7911 − 19
Standard Guide for
Using Reference Material to Characterize Measurement Bias
Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Emission
1
Chamber Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7911; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This guide provides procedures for using a reference
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
material with a known emission rate of a volatile organic
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
compound (VOC) to estimate the bias associated with a VOC
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
emission chamber test.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.2 ThisguidemaybeusedtoassessmeasurementsofVOC
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
emissions conducted in a variety of environmental chambers,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
such as small-scale chambers, full-scale chambers, emission
cells, and micro-scale chambers.
2. Referenced Documents
2
1.3 ThisguidemaybeusedtoassessmeasurementsofVOC
2.1 ASTM Standards:
emissions from a variety of sources including “dry” materials
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
(for example, carpet, floor tile and particleboard) and “wet”
Atmospheres
materials (for example, paint and cleaning products).
D5116 Guide for Small-Scale Environmental Chamber De-
terminations of Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/
1.4 This guide can be used to support quality control efforts
Products
by emissions testing laboratories, third party accreditation of
D5197 Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and
testinglaboratoriesparticipatinginemissionstestingprograms,
OtherCarbonylCompoundsinAir(ActiveSamplerMeth-
and quality control efforts by manufacturers of building and
odology)
other materials.
D5466 Test Method for Determination of Volatile Organic
1.5 This guide may be used to support the determination of
Compounds in Atmospheres (Canister Sampling Method-
precision and bias of other commonly used VOC emission
ology)
standards including Guide D5116, Test Method D6007, ISO
D6007 TestMethodforDeterminingFormaldehydeConcen-
16000-9, ANSI/BIFMA M7.1, and CDPH/EHLB/Standard
trations in Air from Wood Products Using a Small-Scale
Method V1.2.
Chamber
1.6 This guide also describes the attributes of a suitable
D6196 Practice for Choosing Sorbents, Sampling Param-
emissionreferencematerialandthedifferentmethodsavailable
eters and Thermal Desorption Analytical Conditions for
to independently determine the reference material’s VOC
Monitoring Volatile Organic Chemicals in Air
emission rate.
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Measurement System Performance
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D6330 Practice for Determination of Volatile Organic Com-
standard.
pounds(ExcludingFormaldehyde)EmissionsfromWood-
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Based Panels Using Small Environmental Chambers Un-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
der Defined Test Conditions
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D6617 Practice for Laboratory Bias Detection Using Single
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality
2
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published December 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7911 – 14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7911-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7911 − 19
Test Result from Standard Material of Reference Material Producers
D6670 Practice for Full-Scale Chamber Determination of ISO/IECGuide98 GuidetotheExpressionofUncertaintyin
Volatile Organic Emissions from Indoor
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7911 − 14 D7911 − 19
Standard Guide for
Using Reference Material to Characterize Measurement Bias
Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Emission
1
Chamber Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7911; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides procedures for using a reference material with a known emission rate of a volatile organic compound
(VOC) to estimate the bias associated with a VOC emission chamber test.
1.2 This guide may be used to assess measurements of VOC emissions conducted in a variety of environmental chambers, such
as small-scale chambers, full-scale chambers, emission cells, and micro-scale chambers.
1.3 This guide may be used to assess measurements of VOC emissions from a variety of sources including “dry” materials (for
example, carpet, floor tile and particleboard) and “wet” materials (for example, paint and cleaning products).
1.4 This guide can be used to support quality control efforts by emissions testing laboratories, third party accreditation of testing
laboratories participating in emissions testing programs, and quality control efforts by manufacturers of building and other
materials.
1.5 This guide may be used to support the determination of precision and bias of other commonly used VOC emission standards
including Guide D5116, Test Method D6007, ISO 16000-9, ANSI/BIFMA M7.1, and CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.1.V1.2.
1.6 This guide also describes the attributes of a suitable emission reference material and the different methods available to
independently determine the reference material’s VOC emission rate.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D5116 Guide for Small-Scale Environmental Chamber Determinations of Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/Products
D5197 Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology)
D5466 Test Method for Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Atmospheres (Canister Sampling Methodology)
D6007 Test Method for Determining Formaldehyde Concentrations in Air from Wood Products Using a Small-Scale Chamber
D6196 Practice for Choosing Sorbents, Sampling Parameters and Thermal Desorption Analytical Conditions for Monitoring
Volatile Organic Chemicals in Air
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014Nov. 1, 2019. Published September 2014December 2019. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as
D7911 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D7911-14.10.1520/D7911-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7911 − 19
D6330 Practice for Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (Excluding Formaldehyde) Emissions from Wood-Based
Panels Using Small Environmental Chambers Under Defined Test Conditions
D6617 Practice for Laboratory Bias Detect
...
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