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ASTM F959-09

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners

Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for four types (Types 325, 325-3, 490, and 490-3) of compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators, in nominal diameter sizes ½ through 1 ½ in., capable of indicating the achievement of a specified minimum bolt tension in a structural bolt and are intended for installation under either a bolt head or a hardened washer. Steel materials used in the manufacture of direct tension indicators shall be designed, processed, heat treated, and protectively coated as specified. The direct tension indicators shall conform to required chemical composition, compression load, and dimensional values.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators capable of indicating the achievement of a specified minimum bolt tension in a structural bolt.  
1.2 Four types of direct tension indicators in nominal diameter sizes ½ through 1 ½ in. are covered:  
1.2.1 Type 325—direct tension indicators for use with Specification A 325 Type 1 bolts or F or F 1852 assemblies.
1.2.2 Type 325–3—direct tension indicators for use with Specification A 325 Type 3 or F 1852 Type 3 assemblies.
1.2.3 Type 490—direct tension indicators for use with Specification A 490 Type 1 bolts or F 2280 assemblies.  
1.2.4 Type 490–3—direct tension indicators for use with Specification A 490 Type 3 F 2280 Type 3 assemblies.
1.3 Direct tension indicators are intended for installation under either a bolt head or a hardened washer. (See Research Council on Structural Connections: Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 or A 490 Bolts.)  
1.4 This specification provides for furnishing Types 325–3 and 490–3 to a Chemical Composition Requirement or a Corrosion Resistance Index (CRI) at the suppliers option.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Section 12 and Appendix X1 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Mar-2009
ICS
21.060.01 - Fasteners in general
Technical Committee
F16 - Fasteners
Drafting Committee
F16.02 - Steel Bolts, Studs and Nuts
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F959-07a - Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners
Effective Date
15-Mar-2009
Replaced By
ASTM F959-13 - Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners
Effective Date
01-Mar-2013
Referred By
ASTM F606/F606M-21 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
Effective Date
15-Mar-2009

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F959 −09
StandardSpecification for
Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for
1
Use with Structural Fasteners
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF959;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators capable of
A325Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated,
indicatingtheachievementofaspecifiedminimumbolttension
120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
in a structural bolt.
A490Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat
Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
1.2 Four types of direct tension indicators in nominal
B695Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-
1 1
diameter sizes ⁄2 through 1 ⁄2 in. are covered:
posited on Iron and Steel
1.2.1 Type 325—directtensionindicatorsforusewithSpeci-
D3951Practice for Commercial Packaging
fication A325 Type 1 bolts or F or F1852 assemblies.
F436Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
1.2.2 Type 325–3—direct tension indicators for use with
F606Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Proper-
Specification A325Type3or F1852 Type 3 assemblies.
ties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
1.2.3 Type 490—directtensionindicatorsforusewithSpeci-
Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
fication A490 Type 1 bolts or F2280 assemblies.
F1470Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-
1.2.4 Type 490–3—direct tension indicators for use with
chanical Properties and Performance Inspection
Specification A490 Type 3 F2280 Type 3 assemblies.
F1852Specification for “Twist Off” Type Tension Control
Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Steel, Heat
1.3 Direct tension indicators are intended for installation
Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
under either a bolt head or a hardened washer. (See Research
F2280Specification for “Twist Off” Type Tension Control
CouncilonStructuralConnections:SpecificationforStructural
Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Steel, Heat
Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts.)
Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
1.4 This specification provides for furnishing Types 325–3
G101Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Re-
and 490–3 to a Chemical Composition Requirement or a
sistance of Low-Alloy Steels
Corrosion Resistance Index (CRI) at the suppliers option.
3
2.2 Research Council on Structural Connections:
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or
asstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthis
A490 Bolts
standard.
4
2.3 ASME Standard:
1.6 The following precautionary statement pertains only to
ASMEB18.2.6Fasteners for Use in StructuralApplications
the test method portions, Section 12 and Appendix X1 of this
specification:This standard does not purport to address all of
3. Terminology
the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on the ASTM website.
3
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Available from Research Council on Structural Connections at www.boltcoun-
Nuts, Rivets and Washers. cil.org.
4
Current edition approved March 15, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F959–07a. DOI: International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
10.1520/F0959-09. www.asme.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F959−09
3.1.1 compressible-washer-type direct tension indicator, 5.4.1 Unless otherwise specified, the direct tension indica-
n—washer-type element inserted under the bolt head or hard- tors shall be furnished “plain” with the “as fabricated” surface
ened washer, having the capability of indicating the achieve- finish without protective coating
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F959–07a Designation: F 959 – 09
Standard Specification for
Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for
1
Use with Structural Fasteners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 959; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators capable of indicating the
achievement of a specified minimum bolt tension in a structural bolt.
1 1
1.2 Four types of direct tension indicators in nominal diameter sizes ⁄2 through 1 ⁄2 in. are covered:
1.2.1 Type 325—directtensionindicatorsforusewithSpecificationA 325orF1852TypeIbolts,nuts,andwashers.Type1bolts
or F or F 1852 assemblies.
1.2.2 Type 325–3— direct tension indicators for use with SpecificationA 325Type 3 bolts, nuts, and washers.Type 3 or F 1852
Type 3 assemblies.
1.2.3 Type 490—direct tension indicators for use with Specification A 490 or F2280 bolts, nuts, and washers. Type 1 bolts or
F 2280 assemblies.
1.2.4 Type 490–3— direct tension indicators for use with Specification A 490 Type 3 bolts, nuts, and washers. Type 3 F 2280
Type 3 assemblies.
1.3 Direct tension indicators are intended for installation under either a bolt head or a hardened washer. (See Research Council
on Structural Connections: Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 or A 490 Bolts.)
1.4
1.4 This specification provides for furnishing Types 325–3 and 490–3 to a Chemical Composition Requirement or a Corrosion
Resistance Index (CRI) at the suppliers option.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.6 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Section 12 and Appendix X1 of this
specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
A 490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
B 695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and Steel
D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
F 436 Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers,
Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
F 1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
F 1852 Specification for Twist Off Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/WasherAssemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105
ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
F 2280 Specification for Twist Off Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Nuts, Rivets
and Washers.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007.March 15, 2009. Published January 2008.March 2009. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as
F 959 – 07a.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F959–09
Minimum Tensile Strength Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi
Minimum Tensile Strength
G 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels
3
2.2 Research Council on Structural Connections:
Specification Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 or A 490 Bolts
4
2.3 ASME Standard:
ASME B18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural Ap
...

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ABSTRACT
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SCOPE
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1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F2832-11(2021)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Accelerated Corrosion Testing for Mechanical Fasteners

ABSTRACT
This guide covers test procedures for performing accelerated tests to evaluate relative corrosion resistance of various coatings applied to mechanical fasteners. Corrosion mechanisms such as general and crevice corrosion may be evaluated with this method. Test duration may be selected to achieve any desired level of corrosion exposure and provides a frame of reference to determine relative coating resistance to corrosion. Fasteners tightened to a desired tension and subjected to this test procedure may be evaluated to simulate a variety of service conditions. Without large amounts of accumulated field results, it is difficult to relate test duration or the number of test cycles to actual service life for a given application.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers test procedures for performing accelerated tests to evaluate relative corrosion resistance of various coatings applied to mechanical fasteners. Corrosion mechanisms such as general and crevice corrosion may be evaluated with this method. Test duration may be selected to achieve any desired level of corrosion exposure and provides a frame of reference to determine relative coating resistance to corrosion. Fasteners tightened to a desired tension and subjected to this test procedure may be evaluated to simulate a variety of service conditions. Without large amounts of accumulated field results, it is difficult to relate test duration or the number of test cycles to actual service life for a given application.  
1.2 This standard is not intended to cover tests of driven fasteners such as nails, staples, screws and lag bolts.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F3359/F3359M-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Bending Yield Moment of Staples

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Staples are mechanical fasteners used in wood structures. Engineering design procedures used to determine the capacities of laterally-loaded staple connections use a yield theory to establish nominal resistance (Note 2). In order to develop nominal resistance for laterally-loaded stapled connections, the bending yield moment must be known.
Note 2: When used as a structural fastener in shear walls and diaphragms, staples are installed with the crown parallel to the long dimension of the framing member. The orientation of the staples for this bending yield moment test represents the bending yield moment applicable for this intended use).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the bending yield moment of staples when subjected to static loading. Although intended for flat crown staples identified in Specification F1667/F1667M, this procedure is also applicable for staples with round wire. These staples are used in engineered wood building connection applications for which required connection capacities are specified by the designer.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
Note 1: This test method is applicable in either inch-pounds F3359 or SI Units [F3359M]. Values stated in SI are a mathematical conversion and are shown in brackets [ ].  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F1667/F1667M-21a(Specification)
Standard Specification for Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes, and Staples

ABSTRACT
This specification covers nails, spikes, staples, and other fasteners driven by hand tool, power tool, or mechanical device in single or multiple strikes and are positioned by hand, tool, or machine. The driven fasteners are classified as type I: nails (NL); type II: cut nails (CN); type III: spikes (SP); and type IV: staples (ST). Materials shall be tested and the individual types shall conform to the material requirements and physical properties, such as ductility, tensile strength. Protective coating and finishes are also detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nails, spikes, staples, and other driven fasteners, as listed in Table 1.  
Note 1: Fastener ductility information is presented in Table 2 and dimensional information in Tables 3–63.  
1.2 Fasteners described in this specification are driven by hand tool, power tool, or mechanical device in single or multiple strikes and are positioned by hand, tool, or machine.  
1.3 This specification is applicable in either inch-pounds (F1667) or SI units [F1667M]. Values stated in SI are a mathematical conversion to two significant digits and are shown in brackets [ ].  
1.4 Fasteners in this specification are sold in bulk (loose) form and are collated for loading into the magazine of an application tool. Other than as covered in Section 9, Workmanship, cohering materials (including, but not limited to, plastic, adhesive bond, paper tape, plastic strip, plastic carrier, wire, etc.) and relative orientation of collated fasteners are not within the scope of this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F606/F606M-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets

ABSTRACT
These test methods establishes the standard procedures for conducting tests to determine the mechanical properties of externally and internally threaded fasteners, washers and direct tension indicators, and rivets. For externally threaded fasteners, the mechanical tests describe the procedures for determining the following properties: product hardness; proof load by length measurement (Method 1), yield strength (Method 2), yield strength of austenitic stainless steel and nonferrous materials (Method 2A), and uniform hardness (Method 3); axial tension of full size products such as fasteners and studs; wedge tension of full size products such as fasteners and studs; tension of machined test specimens including yield point (by drop of the beam or halt of the pointer, autographic diagram, and total extension under load methods), yield strength (by offset, and extension under load methods), tensile strength, elongation, and reduction of area; and total extension at fracture. As for internally threaded fasteners including nonheat- and heat-treated nuts, tests are provided for the determination of product hardness, proof load, and cone proof load. Test for determining the surface and core hardnesses are, conversely, described for direct tension indicators, and through-hardened, carburized, stainless steel, and nonferrous washers. And finally, product hardness testing is described for rivets. The test method for determining embrittlement of metallic coated externally threaded fasteners is detailed as well.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover establishment of procedures for conducting tests to determine the mechanical properties of externally and internally threaded fasteners, washers, direct tension indicators, and rivets.  
1.2 Property requirements and the applicable tests for their determination are specified in individual product standards. In those instances where the testing requirements are unique or at variance with these standard procedures, the product standard shall specify the controlling testing requirements. In the absence of any specified test requirement(s), these test methods shall apply.  
1.3 These test methods describe mechanical tests for determining the following properties:    
Section    
For Externally Threaded Fasteners:  
3  
Product Hardness  
3.1  
Proof Load  
3.2.1  
Method 1, Length Measurement  
3.2.3  
Method 2, Yield Strength  
3.2.4  
Method 3, Uniform Hardness  
3.2.5  
Axial Tension Testing of Full-Size Product  
3.4  
Wedge Tension Testing of Full-Size Product  
3.5  
Tension Testing of Machined Test Specimens  
3.6  
Total Extension at Fracture Test
Single Sheer Test  
3.7
3.8  
For Internally Threaded Fasteners:  
4  
Product Hardness  
4.1  
Proof Load Test  
4.2  
Cone Proof Load Test  
4.3  
For Washers and Direct Tension Indicators:  
5  
Product Hardness-General Requirements  
5.1  
Through Hardened Washers  
5.2  
Carburized Washers  
5.3  
Stainless Steel and Nonferrous Washers  
5.4  
Direct Tension Indicators  
5.5  
Compression Load  
5.6  
For Rivets:  
6  
Product Hardness  
6.1  
Test for Embrittlement of Metallic-Coated Externally Threaded Fasteners  
7  
Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization  
8  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
Note 1: The values are stated in inch-pound for inch fasteners and SI metric units for metric fasteners.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish approp...

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