ASTM D3605-22

Standard Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectroscopy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Knowledge of the presence of trace metals in gas turbine fuels enables the user to predict performance and, when necessary, to take appropriate action to prevent corrosion.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium, lead, calcium, and vanadium in Specification D2880 Grade Nos. 0-GT through 4-GT fuels at 0.5 mg/kg level for each of the elements. This test method is intended for the determination of oil-soluble metals and not waterborne contaminants in oil-water mixtures.  
1.1.1 Test Method D6728 is suggested as an alternative test method for the determination of these elements in Specification D2880.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2022
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.03 - Elemental Analysis

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3605 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption
1
and Flame Emission Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3605; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium,
D6728 Test Method for Determination of Contaminants in
lead, calcium, and vanadium in Specification D2880 Grade
Gas Turbine and Diesel Engine Fuel by Rotating Disc
Nos. 0-GT through 4-GT fuels at 0.5 mg⁄kg level for each of
Electrode Atomic Emission Spectrometry
the elements. This test method is intended for the determina-
tion of oil-soluble metals and not waterborne contaminants in
3. Terminology
oil-water mixtures.
3.1 Definitions:
1.1.1 Test Method D6728 is suggested as an alternative test
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
methodforthedeterminationoftheseelementsinSpecification
to Terminology D4175.
D2880.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Summary of Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.1 The samples are prepared to conform with the require-
standard.
ments of the method of standard additions, which is selected to
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
obviate problems encountered with the direct analysis of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
typical gas turbine fuels that exhibit significant variations in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
physical properties. Different, but known, amounts of analyte
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
are added to two portions of sample. These, together with the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
unaltered sample, are burned in the flame of an atomic
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
absorption instrument that measures light absorption by the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
atomized metals. The analysis of the sample portions with
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
addedanalyteprovidesthecalibrationinformationnecessaryto
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
calculate the analyte content of the unaltered sample.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2 Lead is determined by atomic absorption in a premixed
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
air-acetylene flame, and sodium is determined by atomic
2. Referenced Documents
absorption or atomic emission in a premixed air-acetylene
2
flame. Calcium and vanadium are determined by atomic
2.1 ASTM Standards:
absorption or atomic emission in a premixed nitrous oxide-
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
acetylene flame.
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products 4.3 Most experience with this test method has been in the
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
atomic absorption mode, although flame emission has been
Fuels, and Lubricants used successfully. Details in the subsequent sections are
written for the atomic absorption mode. If the flame emission
mode is used, minor details in the subsequent sections must be
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
altered to conform to standard practice for flame emission
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of
spectroscopy. The precision statement applies only to the
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published October 2022. Originally atomic absorption mode.
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D3605 – 17. DOI:
NOTE 1—Some GT fuel users may wish to determine potassium in
10.1520/D3605-22.
2
addition to other metals included in this method. Potassium can be
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
determined in a manner similar to that for sodium using a potassium
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on hollow cathode lamp, (unless flame emission mode is used) a wavelength
the ASTM website. of 766.4 mm, and an appropriate organo-potassium standard. Precision
*A Summary of Changes section appear
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3605 − 17 D3605 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption
1
and Flame Emission Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3605; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium, lead, calcium, and vanadium in Specification D2880 Grade Nos. 0-GT
through 4-GT fuels at 0.5 mg ⁄kg level for each of the elements. This test method is intended for the determination of oil-soluble
metals and not waterborne contaminants in oil-water mixtures.
1.1.1 Test Method D6728 is suggested as an alternative test method for the determination of these elements in Specification
D2880.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6728 Test Method for Determination of Contaminants in Gas Turbine and Diesel Engine Fuel by Rotating Disc Electrode
Atomic Emission Spectrometry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved June 1, 2017Oct. 1, 2022. Published June 2017October 2022. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20162017 as
D3605 – 16.D3605 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D3605-17.10.1520/D3605-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D3605 − 22
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The samples are prepared to conform with the requirements of the method of standard additions, which is selected to obviate
problems encountered with the direct analysis of typical gas turbine fuels that exhibit significant variations in physical properties.
Different, but known, amounts of analyte are added to two portions of sample. These, together with the unaltered sample, are
burned in the flame of an atomic absorption instrument that measures light absorption by the atomized metals. The analysis of the
sample portions with added analyte provides the calibration information necessary to calculate the analyte content of the unaltered
sample.
4.2 Lead is determined by atomic absorption in a premixed air-acetylene flame, and sodium is determined by atomic absorption
or atomic emission in a premixed air-acetylene flame. Calcium and vanadium are determined by atomic absorption or atomic
emission in a premixed nitrous oxide-acetylene flame.
4.3 Most experience with this test method has been in the atomic absorption mode, although flame emission has been used
successfully. Details in the subsequent sections are written for the atomic absorption mode. If the flame emission mode is used,
minor details in the subsequent sections must be altered to conform to standard practice for flame emission
...