ASTM D7689-21

Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Mini Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The cloud point of petroleum products and biodiesel fuels is an index of the lowest temperature of their utility for certain applications. Wax crystals of sufficient quantity can plug filters used in some fuel systems.  
5.2 Petroleum blending operations require precise measurement of the cloud point.  
5.3 This test method can determine the temperature of the test specimen at which wax crystals have formed sufficiently to be observed as a cloud with a resolution of 0.1 °C.  
5.4 This test method provides results that, when corrected for bias and rounded to the next lower integer (see 12.2), have been found equivalent to Test Method D2500.  
5.5 This test method determines the cloud point in a shorter time period than required by Test Method D2500.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloud point of petroleum products, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, using an automatic instrument.  
1.2 This test method covers the range of cloud point temperatures from –50 °C to +6 °C.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2020
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.07 - Flow Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7689 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Mini
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7689; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloud
for Middle Distillate Fuels
point of petroleum products, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, using an
IP219 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
automatic instrument.
1.2 This test method covers the range of cloud point
3. Terminology
temperatures from –50 °C to +6 °C.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal
standard.
fats, designated B100.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Biodiesel is typically produced by a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
reactionofavegetableoiloranimalfatwithanalcoholsuchas
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yield
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mono-alkylestersandglycerin,whichisremoved.Thefinished
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
biodiesel derives approximately 10 % of its mass from the
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
reacted alcohol. The alcohol used in the reaction may or may
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
not come from renewable resources.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.2 biodiesel blend (BXX), n—a homogeneous mixture of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
hydrocarbon oils and mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
acids.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—In the abbreviation, BXX, the XX rep-
resents the volume percentage of biodiesel fuel in the blend.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.2.2 Discussion—The mono-alkyl esters of long chain
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
fattyacids(thatis,biodiesel)usedinthemixtureshallmeetthe
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
requirements of Specification D6751.
and Liquid Fuels
3.1.2.3 Discussion—Diesel fuel, fuel oil, and non-aviation
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
gas turbine oil are examples of hydrocarbon oils.
Petroleum Products
3.1.3 biodiesel fuel, n—synonym for biodiesel.
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
3.1.4 cloud point, n—in petroleum products and biodiesel
Petroleum Products
fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
observable cluster of wax crystals first occurs upon cooling
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
under prescribed conditions.
3.1.4.1 Discussion—The cloud point occurs when the tem-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
perature of the specimen is low enough to cause wax crystals
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
to precipitate. In a homogeneous liquid, the cloud is always
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2021. Published January 2021. Originally noted first at the location in the specimen where the specimen
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D7689 – 20.
temperature is the lowest.The cloud point is the temperature at
DOI:10.1520/D7689-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
the ASTM website. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 --
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7689 − 20 D7689 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Mini
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7689; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloud point of petroleum products, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends that are
transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, using an automatic instrument.
1.2 This test method covers the range of cloud point temperatures from –50 °C to +6 °C.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
IP219 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved June 1, 2020Jan. 1, 2021. Published June 2020January 2021. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 20172020 as
D7689 – 17.D7689 – 20. DOI:10.1520/D7689-20.DOI:10.1520/D7689-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7689 − 21
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats,
designated B100.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Biodiesel is typically produced by a reaction of a vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol in the
presence of a catalyst to yield mono-alkyl esters and glycerin, which is removed. The finished biodiesel derives approximately
10 % of its mass from the reacted alcohol. The alcohol used in the reaction may or may not come from renewable resources.
3.1.2 biodiesel blend, blend (BXX), n—blend of biodiesel fuel with diesel fuels and fuel oils.a homogeneous mixture of
hydrocarbon oils and mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
In the abbreviation, BXX, the XX represents the volume percentage of biodiesel fuel in the blend.
3.1.2.2 Discussion—
The mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids (that is, biodiesel) used in the mixture shall meet the requirements of Specification
D6751.
3.1.2.3 Discussion—
Diesel fuel, fuel oil, and non-aviation gas turbine oil are examples of hydrocarbon oils.
3.1.3 biodiesel fuel, n—synonym for biodiesel.
3.1.4 cloud point, n—in petroleum products and biodiesel fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest observable
cluster of wax crystals first occurs upon cooling under prescribed condit
...