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ASTM D7285-06

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Recordkeeping Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Systems

Standard Guide for Recordkeeping Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Systems

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for well-defined recordkeeping of microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) systems.
1.2 This guide includes a start-up report, recordkeeping of MF/UF operating data, recordkeeping of pretreatment operating data, and a maintenance log.
1.3 This guide is applicable to waters including surface water, ground water and some wastewater (secondary effluent) but is not applicable to membrane bioreactors or process streams.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2006
ICS
13.060.10 - Water of natural resources
Technical Committee
D19 - Water
Drafting Committee
D19.08 - Membranes and Ion Exchange Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D7285-06(2010) - Standard Guide for Recordkeeping Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Systems
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM D7601-19 - Standard Practice for Pressure Driven Membrane Separation Element/Bundle Evaluation
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006

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ASTM D7285-06 - Standard Guide for Recordkeeping Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration SystemsASTM D7285-06 - Standard Guide for Recordkeeping Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Systems
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ASTM D7285-06 - Standard Guide for Recordkeeping Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Systems
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D7285 – 06
Standard Guide for
Recordkeeping Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7285; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D6908 Practice for Integrity Testing of Water Filtration
Membrane Systems
1.1 This guide covers procedures for well-defined record-
keeping of microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) sys-
3. Terminology
tems.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide,
1.2 This guide includes a start-up report, recordkeeping of
refer to Terminologies D1129 and D6161.
MF/UF operating data, recordkeeping of pretreatment operat-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard—For
ing data, and a maintenance log.
description of terms relating to MF/UF, refer to Practice
1.3 This guide is applicable to waters including surface
D5090.
water, ground water and some wastewater (secondary effluent)
but is not applicable to membrane bioreactors or process
4. Significance and Use
streams.
4.1 Proper operation and maintenance of an MF or UF
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
system are key factors in obtaining successful performance.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
This guide provides the necessary input for the evaluation of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the performance of the MF/UF system, the pretreatment
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
system, and the mechanical equipment in the plant.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 This guide is for general guidance only and must not be
used in place of the operating manual for a particular plant.
2. Referenced Documents
4.3 Site-dependent factors prevent specific recommenda-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tions for all recordkeeping. Thus, only the more general
D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-
recordkeeping is covered by this guide.
tivity of Water
4.4 This guide can be used for both surface and ground
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
water and systems which contain either spiral-wound or
D1253 Test Method for Residual Chlorine in Water
hollow-fiber devices.
D4195 Guide for Water Analysis for Reverse Osmosis and
Nanofiltration Application
5. Procedure
D5090 Practice for Standardizing Ultrafiltration Permeate
5.1 Start-Up Report:
Flow Performance Data
5.1.1 Provide a complete description of the plant. This can
D6161 Terminology Used for Microfiltration, Ultrafiltra-
be done by using a flow diagram and equipment, instrumenta-
tion, Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membrane Pro-
tion, and material lists to show water source, pretreatment
cesses
system, configuration, and posttreatment system.
D6698 Test Method for On-Line Measurement of Turbidity
5.1.2 Record initial performance of pretreatment systems as
Below 5 NTU in Water
provided in 5.2 and 5.3, respectively.
5.1.3 Calibrate all gauges and meters based on manufactur-
ers’ recommendations.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is
5.2 MF/UF Operating Data:
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion Exchange
5.2.1 Record the permeate and reject volume or flow rate
Materials.
from the system.
Current edition approved July 1, 2006. Published July 2006. DOI: 10.1520/
D7285-06.
5.2.2 Record the feed, permeate, and transmembrane pres-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
sures of each skid as applicable.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2.3 Record the water temperature of the feed or permeate
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. stream.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
...

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ASTM D5906-21(Guide)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide is intended to provide instructions for the selection of horizontal positioning equipment under a wide range of conditions encountered in measurement of water depth in surface water bodies. These conditions, that include physical conditions at the measuring site, the quality of data required, the availability of appropriate measuring equipment, and the distances over which the measurements are to be made (including cost considerations), that govern the selection process. A step-by-step procedure for obtaining horizontal position is not discussed. This guide is to be used in conjunction with standard guide on measurement of surface water depth (such as standard Practice D5173.)
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1.1 This guide covers the selection of procedures commonly used to establish a measurement of horizontal position during investigations of surface water bodies that are as follows:    
Sections  
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7 to 12  
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1.1.1 The narrative specifies horizontal positioning terminology and describes manual, optical, and electronic measuring equipment and techniques.  
1.2 The references cited contain information that may help in the design of a high quality measurement program.  
1.3 The information provided on horizontal positioning is descriptive in nature and not intended to endorse any particular item of manufactured equipment or procedure.  
1.4 This guide pertains to determining horizontal position of a depth measurement in quiescent or low velocity flow.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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ASTM D5073-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Depth Measurement of Surface Water

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5.1 This is a general practice intended to give direction in the selection of depth measuring procedures and equipment for use under a wide range of conditions encountered in surface water bodies. Physical conditions at the measuring site, the quality of data required, and the availability of appropriate measuring equipment govern the selection process. A step-by-step procedure for actually obtaining a depth measurement is not discussed. This practice is to be used in conjunction with a practice on positioning techniques and another practice on bathymetric survey procedures to obtain horizontal location and bottom elevations of points on a water body.
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1.1 This practice guides the user in selection of procedures commonly used to measure depth in water bodies that are as follows:    
Sections  
Procedure A—Manual Measurement  
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1.2 The references cited and listed at the end of this practice contain information that may help in the design of a high quality measurement program.  
1.3 The information provided on depth measurement is descriptive in nature and not intended to endorse any particular item of manufactured equipment or procedure.  
1.4 This practice pertains to depth measurement in quiescent or low-velocity flow. For depth measurement related to stream gauging, see Test Method D3858. For depth measurements related to reservoir surveys, see Guide D4581.  
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1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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4.1 These test methods are used to determine the gauge height or elevation of a river or other body of water above a given datum.  
4.2 Water level data can serve as an easily recorded parameter, and through use of a stage-discharge relation provide an indirect value of stream discharge, often at a gauging station.  
4.3 These test methods can be used in conjunction with other determinations of biological, physical, or chemical properties of waters.
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1.1 These test methods cover equipment and procedures used in obtaining water levels of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs or other water bodies. Three types of equipment are available as follows:    
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1.2 The procedures detailed in these test methods are widely used by those responsible for investigations of streams, lakes, reservoirs, and estuaries, for example, the U.S. Agricultural Research Service, the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, and the U.S. Geological Survey.2 The referenced ISO standard also furnishes useful information.  
1.3 It is the responsibility of the user of these test methods to determine the acceptability of a specific device or procedure to meet operational requirements. Compatibility between sensors, recorders, retrieval equipment, and operational systems is necessary, and data requirements and environmental operating conditions must be considered in equipment selection.  
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Standard Practice for Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This substitute ocean water may be used for laboratory testing where a reproducible solution simulating sea water is required. Examples are for tests on oil contamination, detergency evaluation, and corrosion testing.  
Note 2: The lack of organic matter, suspended matter, and marine life in this solution does not permit unqualified acceptance of test results as representing performance in actual ocean water. Where corrosion is involved, the results obtained from laboratory tests may not approximate those secured under natural testing conditions that differ greatly from those of the laboratory, and especially where effects of velocity, salt atmospheres, or organic constituents are involved. Also the rapid depletion of reacting elements present in low concentrations suggests caution in direct application of results.
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1.2 This practice provides three stock solutions, each relatively concentrated but stable in storage. For preparation of substitute ocean water, aliquots of the first two stock solutions with added salt are combined in larger volume. An added refinement in adjustment of heavy metal concentration is provided by the addition of a small aliquot of the third stock solution to the previous solution.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sample conditioning systems must be designed to accommodate a wide range of sample source temperatures and pressures. Additionally, efforts must be made to ensure that the resultant sample has not been altered during transport and conditioning and has not suffered excessive transport delay. Studies have shown that sample streams will exhibit minimal deposition of ionic and particulate matter on wetted surfaces at specific flow rates (1-5). 3  
5.1.1 To ensure that the physical and chemical properties of the sample are preserved, this flow rate must be controlled throughout the sampling process, regardless of expected changes of source temperature and pressure, for example, during startup, or changing process operating conditions.  
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ASTM D5851-95(2021)(Guide)
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4.1 The user of this guide is not assumed to be a technical practitioner in the water field. This guide is an assembly of the components common to all aspects of water monitoring and fulfills a need in the development of a common framework for a better coordinated and more unified approach to monitoring water.  
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1.1 Purpose—This guide is generic in its application to surface or ground water, rivers, lakes, or estuaries (quantity and quality). It proposes a series of options that offer direction without recommending a definite course of action and discusses the major elements that are common to all purposes of water monitoring.  
1.2 The elements described are applicable whether the monitoring is only for one location or integrates multiple measurement sites for the purpose of assessing a whole watershed, estuary, or aquifer system.  
1.3 This guide is intended to outline for planners and administrators the components, process, and procedures which should be considered when proposing, planning, or implementing a monitoring program. The guide is not a substitute for obtaining specific technical advice. The reader is not assumed to be a technical practitioner in the water field; however, practitioners will find it a good summary of practice and a handy checklist. Other standard guides have or will be prepared that address the necessary detail.  
1.4 Monitoring Components—A water monitoring program is composed of a set of activities, practices, and procedures designed to collect reliable information of known accuracy and precision concerning a particular water resource in order to achieve a specific goal or purpose. The purposes may range in scope from tracking status and trends on a regional or national basis to gathering data to determine the effects of a specific management practice or pollution incident such as a spill. This guide suggests and discusses the following process and components:  
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1.4.2 Developing background data and a conceptual model (see 6.1.12),  
1.4.3 Establishment of data (quality, quantity, type) objectives (see 6.2),  
1.4.4 Design of field measurement and sampling strategies and specification of laboratory analyses and data acceptance criteria (see 6.3),  
1.4.5 Data storage and transfer (see 6.6),  
1.4.6 Implementation of sampling and analysis strategies (see 6.4),  
1.4.7 Data quality assessment (see 6.5),  
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1.4.10 Reporting (see 6.9). See also Fig. X1.1 in Appendix X1 and the condensed list of headings in Appendix X2.  
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1.5.1 Determining the Status and Trends of Water Conditions—This can require long term, regular monitoring to determine how parameters change over time.  
1.5.2 Detecting Existing and Emerging Problems—Determining if, how, or where a substance may move through an aquatic system, or if water quantities are changing.  
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Standard Practices for Measurement of Chlorophyll Content of Algae in Surface Waters

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Data on the chlorophyll content of the algae have the following applications:  
5.1.1 To provide estimates of algal biomass and productivity.  
5.1.2 To provide general information on the taxonomic composition (major groups) of the algae, based on the relative amounts of chlorophyll a, b, and c, and the physiological condition of algal communities, which is related to the relative abundance of pheopigments.  
5.1.3 To determine long-term trends in water quality.  
5.1.4 To determine the trophic status of surface waters.  
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5.1.6 To determine maximum growth rates and yields in algal growth potential tests.
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1.1 These practices include the extraction and the measurement of chlorophyll a, b, and c, and pheophytin a in freshwater and marine plankton and periphyton. Three practices are provided as follows:  
1.1.1 Spectrophotometric, trichromatic practice for measuring chlorophyll a, b, and c.  
1.1.2 Spectrophotometric, monochromatic practice for measuring chlorophyll a corrected for pheophytin a; and for measuring pheophytin a.  
1.1.3 Fluorometric practice for measuring chlorophyll a corrected for pheophytin a; and for measuring pheophytin a.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D5387-93(2019)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Elements of a Complete Data Set for Non-Cohesive Sediments

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide describes what parameters should be measured and stored to obtain a complete sediment and hydraulic data set that could be used to compute sediment transport using any prominently known sediment-transport equations.  
5.2 The criteria will address only the collection of data on noncohesive sediment. A noncohesive sediment is one that consists of discrete particles and whose movement depends on the particular properties of the particles themselves (1). These properties can include particle size, shape, density, and position on the streambed with respect to other particles. Generally, sand, gravel, cobbles, and boulders are considered to be noncohesive sediments.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers criteria for a complete sediment data set.  
1.2 This guide provides guidelines for the collection of non-cohesive sediment alluvial data.  
1.3 This guide describes what parameters should be measured and stored to obtain a complete sediment and hydraulic data set that could be used to compute sediment transport using any prominently known sediment-transport equations.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4411-03(2019)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Sampling Fluvial Sediment in Motion

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4.1 This guide is general and is intended as a planning guide. To satisfactorily sample a specific site, an investigator must sometimes design new sampling equipment or modify existing equipment. Because of the dynamic nature of the transport process, the extent to which characteristics such as mass concentration and particle-size distribution are accurately represented in samples depends upon the method of collection. Sediment discharge is highly variable both in time and space so numerous samples properly collected with correctly designed equipment are necessary to provide data for discharge calculations. General properties of both temporal and spatial variations are discussed.
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1.1 This guide covers the equipment and basic procedures for sampling to determine discharge of sediment transported by moving liquids. Equipment and procedures were originally developed to sample mineral sediments transported by rivers but they are applicable to sampling a variety of sediments transported in open channels or closed conduits. Procedures do not apply to sediments transported by flotation.  
1.2 This guide does not pertain directly to sampling to determine nondischarge-weighted concentrations, which in special instances are of interest. However, much of the descriptive information on sampler requirements and sediment transport phenomena is applicable in sampling for these concentrations, and 9.2.8 and 13.1.3 briefly specify suitable equipment. Additional information on this subject will be added in the future.  
1.3 The cited references are not compiled as standards; however they do contain information that helps ensure standard design of equipment and procedures.  
1.4 Information given in this guide on sampling to determine bedload discharge is solely descriptive because no specific sampling equipment or procedures are presently accepted as representative of the state-of-the-art. As this situation changes, details will be added to this guide.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 12.  
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Standard Guide for Recordkeeping Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Proper operation and maintenance of an MF or UF system are key factors in obtaining successful performance. This guide provides the necessary input for the evaluation of the performance of the MF/UF system, the pretreatment system, and the mechanical equipment in the plant.  
4.2 This guide is for general guidance only and must not be used in place of the operating manual for a particular plant.  
4.3 Site-dependent factors prevent specific recommendations for all recordkeeping. Thus, only the more general recordkeeping is covered by this guide.  
4.4 This guide can be used for both surface and ground water and systems which contain either spiral-wound or hollow-fiber devices.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for well-defined recordkeeping of microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) systems.  
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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