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ASTM F959-06

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners

Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators capable of indicating the achievement of a specified minimum bolt tension in a structural bolt.
1.2 Four types of direct tension indicators in nominal diameter sizes 1/2 through 11/2 in. are covered:
1.2.1 Type 325 direct tension indicators for use with Specification A 325 or F 1852 Type I bolts, nuts, and washers.
1.2.2 Type 325-3 direct tension indicators for use with Specification A 325 Type 3 bolts, nuts, and washers.
1.2.3 Type 490 direct tension indicators for use with Specification A 490 or F 2280 bolts, nuts, and washers.
1.2.4 Type 490-3 direct tension indicators for use with Specification A 490 Type 3 bolts, nuts, and washers.
1.3 Direct tension indicators are intended for installation under either a bolt head or a hardened washer. (See Research Council on Structural Connections: Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 or A 490 Bolts.)
The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Section and of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2006
ICS
21.060.01 - Fasteners in general
Technical Committee
F16 - Fasteners
Drafting Committee
F16.02 - Steel Bolts, Studs and Nuts
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F959-05a - Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners
Effective Date
01-May-2006
Replaced By
ASTM F959-07 - Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Referred By
ASTM F606/F606M-21 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
Effective Date
01-May-2006

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ASTM F959-06 - Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural FastenersASTM F959-06 - Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners
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ASTM F959-06 - Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 959 – 06
Standard Specification for
Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for
1
Use with Structural Fasteners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 959; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for
compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators capable of
indicatingtheachievementofaspecifiedminimumbolttension
in a structural bolt.
1.2 Four types of direct tension indicators in nominal
1 1
diameter sizes ⁄2 through 1 ⁄2 in. are covered:
1.2.1 Type 325—direct tension indicators for use with
SpecificationA 325 or F 1852 Type I bolts, nuts, and washers.
1.2.2 Type 325–3—direct tension indicators for use with
Specification A 325 Type 3 bolts, nuts, and washers.
1.2.3 Type 490—direct tension indicators for use with
FIG. 1 Direct Tension Indicator Protrusion Tangential Diameter
Specification A 490 or F 2280 bolts, nuts, and washers.
(PTD)
1.2.4 Type 490–3—direct tension indicators for use with
Specification A 490 Type 3 bolts, nuts, and washers.
1.3 Direct tension indicators are intended for installation
Deposited on Iron and Steel
under either a bolt head or a hardened washer. (See Research
D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
Council on Structural Connections: Specification for Structural
F 436 Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
Joints Using ASTM A 325 or A 490 Bolts.)
F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-
1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only to
erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
the test method portions, Section 12 and Appendix X1 of this
Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
specification: This standard does not purport to address all of
F 1470 GuideforFastenerSamplingforSpecifiedMechani-
the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cal Properties and Performance Inspection
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
F 1852 Specification for “Twist Off” Type Tension Control
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Steel, Heat
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
F 2280 Specification for “Twist Off” Type Tension Control
2. Referenced Documents
Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Steel, Heat
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
A 325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat
3
2.2 Research Council on Structural Connections:
Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 or
A 490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat
A 490 Bolts
Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
B 695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 compressible-washer-type direct tension indicator,
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
n—washer-type element inserted under the bolt head or hard-
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,
ened washer, having the capability of indicating the achieve-
Nuts, Rivets, and Washers.
ment of a required minimum bolt tension by the degree of
Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originally
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F 959 – 05a.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Research Council on Structural Connections at www.boltcoun-
the ASTM website. cil.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F959–06
direct tension indicator plastic deformation. Hereafter referred 5.4.3 When “baked epoxy” is specified, the epoxy shall be
to as direct tension indicator. 0.001 to 0.002 in. thick applied over the zinc coating specified
in 5.4.2. The epoxy shall not flake off exposed surfaces during
4. Ordering Information
installation.
5.4.4 Other coatings are to be used only when approved by
4.1 Orders for direct tension indicators un
...

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1.1 This specification covers the requirements for compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators, (DTIs) capable of indicating the achievement of a specified minimum tension in a structural bolting assembly.  
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1.3.1 Style 1 DTIs are suitable for comparatively smaller bearing surfaces. Style 1 DTIs are available in Grades 5 and 8, which differ in the amount of tension they indicate at a prescribed gap (see Table 1 and Table 3).  
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SCOPE
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4.2 When testing to a particular product specification that lists the dimensions and microindentation data to be used, that data shall take precedence over the tables in this test method.  
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1.1 This test method covers procedures for measuring, classifying, and determining the presence of decarburization and carburization in the threaded section of hardened and tempered metric steel bolts, screws, studs, nuts and similar parts which have been heated to facilitate fabrication or to modify their mechanical properties. This test method is not intended to address products which are intentionally carburized to achieve specific results.  
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This guide covers test procedures for performing accelerated tests to evaluate relative corrosion resistance of various coatings applied to mechanical fasteners. Corrosion mechanisms such as general and crevice corrosion may be evaluated with this method. Test duration may be selected to achieve any desired level of corrosion exposure and provides a frame of reference to determine relative coating resistance to corrosion. Fasteners tightened to a desired tension and subjected to this test procedure may be evaluated to simulate a variety of service conditions. Without large amounts of accumulated field results, it is difficult to relate test duration or the number of test cycles to actual service life for a given application.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers test procedures for performing accelerated tests to evaluate relative corrosion resistance of various coatings applied to mechanical fasteners. Corrosion mechanisms such as general and crevice corrosion may be evaluated with this method. Test duration may be selected to achieve any desired level of corrosion exposure and provides a frame of reference to determine relative coating resistance to corrosion. Fasteners tightened to a desired tension and subjected to this test procedure may be evaluated to simulate a variety of service conditions. Without large amounts of accumulated field results, it is difficult to relate test duration or the number of test cycles to actual service life for a given application.  
1.2 This standard is not intended to cover tests of driven fasteners such as nails, staples, screws and lag bolts.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Test Method for Determining Bending Yield Moment of Staples

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5.1 Staples are mechanical fasteners used in wood structures. Engineering design procedures used to determine the capacities of laterally-loaded staple connections use a yield theory to establish nominal resistance (Note 2). In order to develop nominal resistance for laterally-loaded stapled connections, the bending yield moment must be known.
Note 2: When used as a structural fastener in shear walls and diaphragms, staples are installed with the crown parallel to the long dimension of the framing member. The orientation of the staples for this bending yield moment test represents the bending yield moment applicable for this intended use).
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1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
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This specification covers nails, spikes, staples, and other fasteners driven by hand tool, power tool, or mechanical device in single or multiple strikes and are positioned by hand, tool, or machine. The driven fasteners are classified as type I: nails (NL); type II: cut nails (CN); type III: spikes (SP); and type IV: staples (ST). Materials shall be tested and the individual types shall conform to the material requirements and physical properties, such as ductility, tensile strength. Protective coating and finishes are also detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nails, spikes, staples, and other driven fasteners, as listed in Table 1.  
Note 1: Fastener ductility information is presented in Table 2 and dimensional information in Tables 3–63.  
1.2 Fasteners described in this specification are driven by hand tool, power tool, or mechanical device in single or multiple strikes and are positioned by hand, tool, or machine.  
1.3 This specification is applicable in either inch-pounds (F1667) or SI units [F1667M]. Values stated in SI are a mathematical conversion to two significant digits and are shown in brackets [ ].  
1.4 Fasteners in this specification are sold in bulk (loose) form and are collated for loading into the magazine of an application tool. Other than as covered in Section 9, Workmanship, cohering materials (including, but not limited to, plastic, adhesive bond, paper tape, plastic strip, plastic carrier, wire, etc.) and relative orientation of collated fasteners are not within the scope of this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets

ABSTRACT
These test methods establishes the standard procedures for conducting tests to determine the mechanical properties of externally and internally threaded fasteners, washers and direct tension indicators, and rivets. For externally threaded fasteners, the mechanical tests describe the procedures for determining the following properties: product hardness; proof load by length measurement (Method 1), yield strength (Method 2), yield strength of austenitic stainless steel and nonferrous materials (Method 2A), and uniform hardness (Method 3); axial tension of full size products such as fasteners and studs; wedge tension of full size products such as fasteners and studs; tension of machined test specimens including yield point (by drop of the beam or halt of the pointer, autographic diagram, and total extension under load methods), yield strength (by offset, and extension under load methods), tensile strength, elongation, and reduction of area; and total extension at fracture. As for internally threaded fasteners including nonheat- and heat-treated nuts, tests are provided for the determination of product hardness, proof load, and cone proof load. Test for determining the surface and core hardnesses are, conversely, described for direct tension indicators, and through-hardened, carburized, stainless steel, and nonferrous washers. And finally, product hardness testing is described for rivets. The test method for determining embrittlement of metallic coated externally threaded fasteners is detailed as well.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover establishment of procedures for conducting tests to determine the mechanical properties of externally and internally threaded fasteners, washers, direct tension indicators, and rivets.  
1.2 Property requirements and the applicable tests for their determination are specified in individual product standards. In those instances where the testing requirements are unique or at variance with these standard procedures, the product standard shall specify the controlling testing requirements. In the absence of any specified test requirement(s), these test methods shall apply.  
1.3 These test methods describe mechanical tests for determining the following properties:    
Section    
For Externally Threaded Fasteners:  
3  
Product Hardness  
3.1  
Proof Load  
3.2.1  
Method 1, Length Measurement  
3.2.3  
Method 2, Yield Strength  
3.2.4  
Method 3, Uniform Hardness  
3.2.5  
Axial Tension Testing of Full-Size Product  
3.4  
Wedge Tension Testing of Full-Size Product  
3.5  
Tension Testing of Machined Test Specimens  
3.6  
Total Extension at Fracture Test
Single Sheer Test  
3.7
3.8  
For Internally Threaded Fasteners:  
4  
Product Hardness  
4.1  
Proof Load Test  
4.2  
Cone Proof Load Test  
4.3  
For Washers and Direct Tension Indicators:  
5  
Product Hardness-General Requirements  
5.1  
Through Hardened Washers  
5.2  
Carburized Washers  
5.3  
Stainless Steel and Nonferrous Washers  
5.4  
Direct Tension Indicators  
5.5  
Compression Load  
5.6  
For Rivets:  
6  
Product Hardness  
6.1  
Test for Embrittlement of Metallic-Coated Externally Threaded Fasteners  
7  
Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization  
8  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
Note 1: The values are stated in inch-pound for inch fasteners and SI metric units for metric fasteners.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish approp...

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  • Standard
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    English language
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