ASTM D7833-14

Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons and Non-Hydrocarbon Gases in Gaseous Mixtures by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The hydrocarbon component distribution of gaseous mixtures is often required for end-use sale of this material. Applications such as chemical feedstock or fuel require precise compositional data to ensure uniform quality. Trace amounts of some hydrocarbon impurities in these materials can have adverse effects on their use and processing. Certain regulations may require use of such method.  
5.2 The component distribution data of gaseous mixtures can be used to calculate physical properties such as relative density, vapor pressure, and heating value calculations found in Practice D3588. Precision and accuracy of compositional data is extremely important when this data is used to calculate various properties of petroleum products.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to quantitatively determine the non-condensed hydrocarbon gases with carbon numbers from C1 to C5+ and non-hydrocarbon gases, such as H2, CO2, O2, N2, and CO, in gaseous samples. This test method is a companion standard test method to Test Method D1945 and Practice D1946 differing in that it incorporates use of capillary columns instead of packed columns and allows other technological differences.  
1.2 Hydrogen sulfide can be detected but may not be accurately determined by this procedure due to loss in sample containers or sample lines and possible reactions unless special precautions are taken.  
1.3 Non-hydrocarbon gases have a lower detection limit in the concentration range of 0.03 to 100 mole percent using a thermal conductivity detector (TCD) and C1 to C6 hydrocarbons have a lower detection limit in the range of 0.005 to 100 mole percent using a flame ionization detector (FID); using a TCD may increase the lower detection limit to approximately 0.03 mole percent.  
1.3.1 Hydrocarbon detection limits can be reduced with the use of pre-concentration techniques and/or cryogenic trapping.  
1.4 This test method does not fully determine individual hydrocarbons heavier than benzene, which are grouped together as C7+ When detailed analysis is not required the compounds with carbon number greater than C5 may be grouped as either C6+, or C7+. Accurate analysis of C5+ components depends on proper vaporization of these compounds during sampling at process unit sources as well as in the sample introduction into the analyzer in the laboratory.  
1.5 Water vapor may interfere with the C6+ analysis if a TCD detector is used.  
1.6 Helium and argon may interfere with the determination of hydrogen and oxygen respectively. Depending on the analyzer used, pentenes, if present, may either be separated or grouped with the C6+ components.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2014
• ICS: 75.160.30 - Gaseous fuels
• Technical Committee: D03 - Gaseous Fuels

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7833 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Hydrocarbons and Non-Hydrocarbon
1
Gases in Gaseous Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7833; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope analyzer used, pentenes, if present, may either be separated or
grouped with the C + components.
6
1.1 This test method is intended to quantitatively determine
the non-condensed hydrocarbon gases with carbon numbers 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
from C to C + and non-hydrocarbon gases, such as H,CO , standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1 5 2 2
O,N , and CO, in gaseous samples. This test method is a standard.
2 2
companion standard test method to Test Method D1945 and
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Practice D1946 differing in that it incorporates use of capillary
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
columns instead of packed columns and allows other techno-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
logical differences.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 Hydrogen sulfide can be detected but may not be
accurately determined by this procedure due to loss in sample
2. Referenced Documents
containersorsamplelinesandpossiblereactionsunlessspecial
2
precautions are taken.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1945Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas
1.3 Non-hydrocarbon gases have a lower detection limit in
Chromatography
the concentration range of 0.03 to 100 mole percent using a
D1946Practice for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas
thermal conductivity detector (TCD) and C to C hydrocar-
1 6
Chromatography
bons have a lower detection limit in the range of 0.005 to 100
D3588Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility
mole percent using a flame ionization detector (FID); using a
Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
TCD may increase the lower detection limit to approximately
E355PracticeforGasChromatographyTermsandRelation-
0.03 mole percent.
ships
1.3.1 Hydrocarbon detection limits can be reduced with the
E1510Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
use of pre-concentration techniques and/or cryogenic trapping.
Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
1.4 This test method does not fully determine individual
F307Practice for Sampling Pressurized Gas for GasAnaly-
hydrocarbons heavier than benzene, which are grouped to-
sis
gether as C + When detailed analysis is not required the
7
2.2 ASTM Publication:
compounds with carbon number greater than C may be
5
ASTMDS4B,1991PhysicalConstantsofHydrocarbonand
grouped as either C +, or C +. Accurate analysis of C +
6 7 5
Non-Hydrocarbon Compounds
components depends on proper vaporization of these com-
pounds during sampling at process unit sources as well as in
3. Terminology
the sample introduction into the analyzer in the laboratory.
3.1 Terminology related to the practice of gas chromatog-
1.5 Water vapor may interfere with the C + analysis if a
6
raphy can be found in Practice E355.
TCD detector is used.
3.2 Definitions:
1.6 Helium and argon may interfere with the determination
3.2.1 sample set—a collection of samples taken from the
of hydrogen and oxygen respectively. Depending on the
same source or at similar component composition and concen-
trations.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD03onGaseous
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.07 on Analysis of
2
Chemical Composition of Gaseous Fuels. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2014. Published June 2014. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7833-12. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7833-14. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7833 − 14
TABLE 1 List of Components Typically Analyzed
4. Summary of Test Method
Component FID TCD
4.1 Components in a representative sample are physically
C olefin / C + composite X X
5 6
separated by gas chromatography (GC) and compared to
oxygen/argon composite X
calibration data obtained under identical operating conditions
hydrogen X
carbon dioxide X
from a reference standard mixture of kn
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7833 − 12 D7833 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Hydrocarbons and Non-Hydrocarbon
1
Gases in Gaseous Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7833; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is intended to quantitatively determine the non-condensed hydrocarbon gases with carbon numbers from
C to C + and non-hydrocarbon gases, such as H , CO , O , N , and CO, in gaseous samples. This test method is a companion
1 5 2 2 2 2
standard test method to Test Method D1945 and Practice D1946 differing in that it incorporates use of capillary columns instead
of packed columns and allows other technological differences.
1.2 Hydrogen sulfide can be detected but may not be accurately determined by this procedure due to loss in sample containers
or sample lines and possible reactions unless special precautions are taken.
1.3 Non-hydrocarbon gases have a lower detection limit in the concentration range of 0.03 to 100 mole percent using a thermal
conductivity detector (TCD) and C to C hydrocarbons have a lower detection limit in the range of 0.005 to 100 mole percent
1 6
using a flame ionization detector (FID); using a TCD may increase the lower detection limit to approximately 0.03 mole percent.
1.3.1 Hydrocarbon detection limits can be reduced with the use of pre-concentration techniques and/or cryogenic trapping.
1.4 This test method does not fully determine individual hydrocarbons heavier than benzene, which are grouped together as C +
7
When detailed analysis is not required the compounds with carbon number greater than C may be grouped as either C +, or C +.
5 6 7
Accurate analysis of C + components depends on proper vaporization of these compounds during sampling at process unit sources
5
as well as in the sample introduction into the analyzer in the laboratory.
1.5 Water vapor may interfere with the C + analysis if a TCD detector is used.
6
1.6 Helium and argon may interfere with the determination of hydrogen and oxygen respectively. Depending on the analyzer
used, pentenes, if present, may either be separated or grouped with the C + components.
6
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1945 Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography
D1946 Practice for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography
D3588 Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
F307 Practice for Sampling Pressurized Gas for Gas Analysis
2.2 ASTM Publication:
ASTM DS 4B, 1991 Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-Hydrocarbon Compounds
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.07 on Analysis of Chemical
Composition of Gaseous Fuels.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012June 1, 2014. Published December 2012June 2014. Originally approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as
D7833-12. DOI: 10.1520/D7833-12.10.1520/D7833-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7833 − 14
3. Terminology
3.1 Terminology related to the practice of gas chromatography can be found in Practice E355.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 sample set—a collection of samples taken from the same source or at similar component composition and concentrations.
4. Summary of Test Method
4
...